各种时态的被动语态

（被动语态）一、各种时态的被动语态二、带有情态动词的被动语态三、主动形式表被动的几种情况四、巩固练习、高考链接我昨天打我儿子了。Ihitmysonyesterday.我儿子昨天被我打了。Mysonwashitbymeyesterday.一.定义语态是英语动词的一种形式,用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语有两种语态:被动语态和主动语态。主动语态：表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。Ihitmysonyesterday.主动语态Mysonwashitbymeyesterday.被动语态二.被动语态的谓语结构形式:ask–cook–make–give---beaskedbecookedbemadebegivenbe+done英语中有一种动词是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的，统称为“短语动词”。有些短语动词在意义上相当于一个及物动词，从而也有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。bringup教育;抚养calloff取消giveup放弃leaveout省略lookinto调查makeup编造putoff推迟turndown拒绝bebroughtupbecalledoffbegivenupbeleftoutbelookedintobemadeupbeputoffbeturneddown三.主动语态和被动语态的相互变化关系（1）Myauntinvitedmetoherdinnerparty.主语(执行者)谓语宾语(承受者)→I(bymyaunt)toherdinnerparty.主语(承受者)谓语宾语(执行者)wasinvited变化规则和顺序:1.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be+过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。2.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by短语可以省略。转换口诀：主by（败）后,宾为主Exercise:1.Laborcreatedman.Manbylabor.2.Hisspeechmovedusdeeply.Webyhisspeech.3.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoesbytheminthatfactory.wascreatedweredeeplymovedaremadeThissong____________(sing)byusonMondays.issung结构:am/isaredonesingsangsung唱Thefamouspoem____________(write)byXuZhimo.waswritten结构:was/weredonewritewrotewritten写sendtorightnowThey___________(send)tohospitalrightnow.willbesent结构:willbedonesend–sent–sent送alecturegivesoonAlecture___________(give)soon.willbegiven结构:willbedonegive–gave–given给Theyaregoingtoholdaneveningpartytomorrow.Aneveningparty__________________tomorrow.begoingto+be+过去分词isgoingtobeheldHesaidtheworkerswouldbuildanewschoolintwoweeks.Hesaidanewschoolwouldbebuiltintwoweeks.过去将来时的被动构成：would+be+过去分词dig掘（土）earth土Theearth__________(dig)now.isbeingdug结构:am/is/arebeingdonedig–dug–dug掘（土）Aparty__________(hold)now.isbeingheld结构:am/is/arebeingdonehold–held–held举行MissHutoldmethatthecat________________(wash)whenIcalledher.wasbeingwashed结构:was/werebeingdoneMostoftheapple_____________(eat)upbythemouse.hasbeeneaten结构:has/havebeendoneeat–ate–eaten吃Manytrees_______________(cut)downbyGuangtouqiangrecently.havebeencut结构:have/hasbeendonecut–cut–cutIfoundthattheshop___________(破门而入)hadbeenbrokeninto.结构:hadbeendoneTheBird’sNest______________(build)beforethe29thOlympics.theworkers_____________(build)theBird’sNest.Beforethe29thOlympicGames,hadbuilthadbeenbuilt1.ThissongissungbyusonMondays.2.ThefamouspoemwaswrittenbyXu.3.Theywillbesenttohospitalrightnow..5.Apartyisbeingheldnow.6.MissHutoldmethatthecatwasbeingwashedwhenIcalledher.7.ManytreeshavebeencutdownbyGuangtouqiangrecently.8.Ifoundthattheshophadbeenbrokeninto.4.Hesaidanewschoolwouldbebuiltintwoweeks.•一般现在时•一般过去时•一般将来时•现在进行时•过去进行时•过去将来时•现在完成时•过去完成时小结：被动语态在各种时态中的构成am/is/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedonebegoingtobedoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdonewouldbedonehas/havebeendonehadbeendone•现在被做•过去被做•将要被做•现在正在被做•过去正在被做•过去将要被做•到现在为止已经被做•到过去为止已经被做Thebabymust______________(take)goodcareof.betaken结构:mustbedonetake-took-takenHecansingbeautifulsongs.Beautifulsongscan____________(sing)byhim.besungcanbedone8.Babiesmustbetakengoodcareof.9.Beautifulsongscanbesungbyhim.10.Effectivemeasuresshouldbetakenimmediately.情态动词的被动语态：1.Icanwritealetter.2.Wemustfinishthehomeworkontime.canmustmayShould等+be+doneAlettercanbewrittenbyme.Thehomeworkmustbefinishedontime.Practice一、用括号单词的正确形式填空1.Thebridge_________(build)lastyear.2.TheOlympicGames_____________(hold)everyfouryears.3.The2012Olympics_____________(hold)inLondon.wasbuiltareheldwereheld4.Theproblem________________(discuss)atthemeetingnow.5.Hisnewbook________________(publish)nextmonth.6.Alotofnewhighways_________________(build)inthepast5years.havebeenbuiltisbeingdiscussedwillbepublished1.----Whatisthatnoise?----Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine_____.A.wastestedB.willbetestedC.isbeingtestedD.hasbeentested2.Igotcaughtintherainandmysuit____.A.hasruinedB.hasbeenruinedC.hadruinedD.hadbeenruined3.Nodecision___aboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeeninterviewed.A.willbemadeB.ismadeC.isbeingmadeD.hasbeenmade4.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey___manytimesontheradio.A.taughtB.havetaughtC.aretaughtD.havebeentaught5.----Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyou___thisjob?----Well,I’mthinkingaboutthesalary.A.offerB.willofferC.areofferedD.willbeoffered6.----Haveyouhandedinyourschoolworkyet?----Yes,Ihave.Iguessit__now.A.hasgradedB.isgradedC.isgradingD.isbeinggraded7.Acoatcanforkeepingwarm.A.isusedB.beusedC.beenusedD.used1、某些感观动词和系动词后加形容词可以表示被动意义，如：look,smell,taste,feel,prove,sound等。*Theflowersmellssweet.花闻起来很香*Thedishtastesdelicious.菜吃起来非常美味。2、某些可用来表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”的及物动词的主动形式可表示被动意义。如：lock,shut,open,moveread,write,sell,wash,clean等。*Thistypeofrecordersellswell.这种型号的录音机销路很好。*Thiskitchencleansveryeasily.这个厨房很容易清洗。*Thedoorwon’tshut.这个门关不上。3、beworth后跟动词—ing的主动形式表被动意义。*Thisfilmisworthseeingasecondtime.4、在need,want,require等表示“需要”的动词后，用动词—ing的主动形式表被动意义。*Thistablewantscleaning.=Thistablewantstobecleaned.1.Thewater___coldatthistimeofyear.A.feelB.feelsC.isfeltD.felt2.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,twothirdsofthebuildingsinthearea___A.needrepairingB.needstorepairC.needsrepairingD.needtorepair3.Thecar___onsuchacoldday.A.doesn’tstartB.won’tstartC.won’tbestartedD.isn’tstarted4.Sh