Health-care-in-China

HEALTHCAREINCHINAGroup:MIXWhatisHealthCare？TheDefinitionofHealthCareHealthcare(orhealthcare)isthediagnosis,treatment,andpreventionofdisease,illness,injury,andotherphysicalandmentalimpairmentsinhumans.Healthcareisdeliveredbypractitionersinalliedhealth,dentistry,midwifery-obstetrics,medicine,nursing,optometry,pharmacy,psychologyandothercareproviders.Itreferstotheworkdoneinprovidingprimarycare,secondarycare,andtertiarycare,aswellasinpublichealth.TheSummaryofHealthCareinChinaTheChinesehealthcaresystemwasoriginallyahighlycentralizedone.Ithadgreatsuccessinimprovingthepeople'shealth.Thecounty-township-villagethree-tierhealthcaresystemhascontributedmuchtoruralprimaryhealthcare,andhassetanexampleofprimaryhealthcaretothedeveloping.WHOinChinaHealthcareinancientChinaDoyouknow?Chinahasoneofthelongestrecordedhistoriesofmedicinerecordsofanyexistingcivilization.ThemethodsoftraditionalChinesemedicinehavedevelopedovermorethan2,000years.1ClassicalChinesemedicinewasbasedprimarilyonworksascribedtothreelegendaryemperors.ThemostancientwasFuHsi(c.2900B.C.),whowassaidtohaveoriginatedthepakua,asymbolcomposedofyanglinesandyinlinescombinedineight(pa)separatetrigrams(kua)whichcouldrepresentallyin-yangconditions.ThissystemisfollowedeventodayintheIChing(BookofChanges),thoughasagameorsuperstitionintheWest.EarlyMedicalWritings2ShenNung,theRedEmperor(HungTi),compiledthefirstmedicalherbal,thePen-tsao(c.2800B.C.),inwhichhereportedtheeffectsof365drugs,allofthempersonallytested.3ChangChung-ching,theChineseHippocrates,inthethirdcenturyA.D.,wrotetheclassictreatiseTyphoidandOtherFevers.4CompendiumofMateriaMedica,alsoknownBencaoGangmu,isaChinesemateriamedicaworkwrittenbyLiShizhenduringtheMingDynasty5SunSzu-miao(A.D.581-682)wroteCh'ienChinYaoFang(AThousandGoldenRemedies),whichsummarizedinthirtyvolumesmuchoftheknownmedicallearning,andheheadedacommitteewhichproducedafifty-volumecollectiononpathology.EarlyMedicalScientists1AcupunctureandMoxibustionMedicalTreatments2Surgery3Sorcerer’sdanceandCallingthesoulback,whichcomefromruralareasinancientChina,isakindoffeudalisticsuperstition.ChineseancientclinicsanddrugstoresTraditionalChinesemedicineChineseancientexerciseTheChangeofChinesehealthcareBarefootdoctorswereagoodcontributiontoprimaryhealthsystemsinChina,whichisbasedonthepeople’scommunes.Inruralareas,mosthealthcareisavailableinclinicsprovidingrudimentarycare,withpoorlytrainedmedicalpersonnelandlittlemedicalequipments.ReformofthehealthdeliverysysteminChinahaspromptedconcernsaboutthedemandandutilizationofCommunityHealthServicesCenters(CHC).TheChinesemedicaleducationsystemfollowstheBritishmodel.Atthesametime,wecarryonsomehealthcaretradeswithBritish…ThisisastoryhappenedinruralareainmodernChina…Father:EdwardYang杨兴Mother:EchoWang王乐Daughter:HannahXu徐小涵Witchdoctor:ShelleyLi李姿璇Doctor:ArminChen陈芳HealthcarereforminChinaAbarefootdoctorexaminesachild.TheComparisonOfSeveralCountries’HealthCare.TheNewRuralCo-operativeMedicalCareSystem(NRCMCS)particularlyintendedtomakeitmoreaffordablefortheruralpoorHealthcareintheUnitedStatesisprovidedbymanydistinctorganizations.Healthcarefacilitiesarelargelyownedandoperatedbyprivatesectorbusinesses.62%ofthehospitalsarenon-profit,20%aregovernmentowned,18%arefor-profit.HealthcareinUSAThefourpubliclyfundedhealthcaresystemsNationalHealthService(England)HealthandSocialCareinNorthernIreland(HSCNI)NHSScotlandNHSWales——theNationalHealthService(NHS).ThesystemsareprimarilyfundedthroughcentraltaxationHealthcareinEnglandHealthcareinGermanyLaw-enforcedhealthinsurance(GesetzlicheKrankenversicherung)andPrivate(PrivateKrankenversicherung).Compulsoryinsuranceappliestothosebelowasetincomelevelandisprovidedthroughprivatenon-profitsicknessfundsatcommonratesforallmembers,andispaidforwithjointemployer-employeecontributions.providedbybothprivateandgovernmentinstitutions.ThefundingmodelforhealthcareinAustraliahasseenpoliticalpolarization,withgovernmentsbeingcrucialinshapingnationalhealthcarepolicy.HealthcareinAustraliaMedicalIssuesinChinaSmokingmeanskillingyourselfwithyourownhandsSexeducationlagsinChinaduetoculturalconservatism.ManyChinesefeelthatsexeducationshouldbelimitedtobiologicalscience.Combinedwithmigrationofyoungunmarriedwomentothecities,lackofknowledgeofcontraceptionhasresultedinincreasingnumbersofabortionsbyyoungwomen.ByMay2003,some8,000casesofSARShadbeenreportedworldwide,about66percentofthecasesand349deathsoccurredinChinaalone.HIVandAIDSAbout100millionChinesehavementalillnesses,withdifferentdegreesofintensity.HealthyChinaManyminoritygroupsarestillfacingchallengesingainingequalityinhealthcareaccess.Adisparityininequalitybetweenurbanandruralareaspersists,sincemuchofrecentgovernmentreformisfocusedonurbanareas.DespiteeffortsbytheNCRMStocombatthisinequality,itisstilldifficulttoprovideuniversalhealthcaretoruralareas.QuestionSection1.WhatdoyouthinkofthepresenthealthcaresysteminChina?2.Whichkindofhealthcareareyoulongingfor?3.Asadevelopingcountry,Chinaneedmoremoneytobuilditseconomy.Onthisoccasion,shouldChinainvestmuchcapitalinhealthcare?4.Chinahasthelar