高二非谓语动词---动名词

非谓语动词---动名词表语主语宾语动名词定语TalkingiseasierthandoingHerjobwastakingcareofchildrenDoyouconsideritanygoodtryingagain?Thereisawaitingroominourschoolclinic动名词的构成：时态语态一般时完成时主动式被动式否定形式not+动名词v+inghaving+donebeing+donehaving+been+done1.动名词的句法功能：动名词由动词加ing构成，与现在分词的形式相同。动名词主要起名词作用，在句中担任主语、表语、宾语和定语。①作主语，可以直接放在句首，也可以用先行代词it作为形式主语，而把动名词后置。Seeingisbelieving.(眼见为实)Collectingstampsisagoodhobby.(单个动名词短语作主语时，动词用单数)动名词作主语还有以下两个习惯表答法：Itisnouse(good)+动名词：做某事没用(不好)It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.(覆水难收)It’snogoodspittinginpublic.Thereisno+动名词表示“没法---”(=Itisimpossibletodosth.)Thereisnoknowingwhatmayhappen.（未来的事无法知道）Therewasnotellingwhetheritwouldrainagain.Itisnouse/nogood/useless/senseless/fun/enjoyable/tiring/interesting/dangerous/difficult/easy/foolish/wonderful/ashame/awasteoftime/agoodpleasure/atask/worthwhile+doing主语+have+trouble/difficulty/aproblem/astruggle/agoodtime/ahardtime+(in)+doing主语+spendtime/money+(in)+doing主语+bebusy+(in)+doing主语+losenotime+(in)+doing立即做②作表语：通常是说明主语的内容，注意它与谓语动词进行时的区别Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.(此句为SVC结构)可改为：Collectingstampsishishobby.Cf.Heiscollectingstamps.(iscollecting是谓语动词进行时，此句为SVO结构)不能改为：Collectingstampsishe.a,只接-ing形式，不接不定式的动词有admit,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,escape,enjoy,missexcuse,fancy,finish,imagine,include,keep”on”,③作宾语mind,practise,resist抵抗,risk,suggest,advise,Appreciate,permitallowgiveupputoffconsiderdeny否认等.如：b,既可接不定式又可接-ing形式作宾语的词有：Like,love,begin,start,continue等，一般情况下，不定式表示具体的动作而动名词表示习惯性的动作。当主语为物时一般用todo,或谓语是进行时表示开始…逐渐IwasbeginningtogetangryAfterlunchitbegantorain主语+think/consider/find/feellike等+it+nouse/useless…….+动名词在下列句型中动名词作真正宾语：动词+it（形式宾语）+宾补+动名词（真正宾语）B.作介词的宾语beusedtodoing习惯于做；lookforwardtodoing盼望做；devoteone’slifetodoing致力于做；Admitto承认错误本leadto导致beequalto等于objectto反对payattentionto注意getdownto开始seeto注意处理witnessto证实besupposedtocontributeto有助于bereducedto被改为inresponseto对……做出反应adaptto使自己适应于改编，改写adjustto使自己适应于调整;调节insiston坚持spendtime(in)doing花时间做befondofdoing喜爱做；begoodatdoing擅长做；beproudofdoing为做…而自豪；betiredofdoing对做…感到厌倦；feellikedoingdependon依靠ondoing一..就..leavefor动身前往常can’tstanddoing不能容忍setabout开始dreamofprevent..fromstop..fromdiscourage…fromkeep..fromprefer..to..protect..fromgoondoing继续做（原来的事）；keepondoing不停地做；how/whataboutdoing做…怎么样；thinkofdoing考虑做；beinterestedindoing对做…感兴趣；havesomedifficulty/trouble(in)doing做某事有困难；bebusy(in)doing忙于做；insteadofdoing做…而不做…succeedin成功thinkabout考虑beworthc,下列动词forget,remember,regret,try,mean,can’thelp,goon,(stop)可用不定式又可用-ing形式，但意义完全不同。goontodo接着做别的事goondoing继续做同一件事cant’helpdoingcan’thelptodolearntodo学会了learndoing开始学习onlytodo出人意料onlydoing结果只是(必然)seesbdo看见全过程成seedoing正在做remembertodo表示记住要做的事rememberdoing表示记住发生的事forgettodo表示忘记要做的事forgetdoing表示忘记做过的是事regrettodo对要做的事抱歉regretdoing对发生的事后悔trytodo尽力去做trydoing试着做meantodo打算去做meandoing意味着，就是Stoptodo停下来去做另外的事stopdoing停止做。d,表示“需要”的动词want,need,requiredeserve后接-形式时，有被动意义。其意义相当于不定式的被动结构。Thesedesksneedrepairing=Thesedesksneedtoberepaired.Thepatientrequiredexamined=Thepatientrequiredtobeexamined.动名词复合结构当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,要在动名词前加上物主代词或名词所有格,这便是动名词复合结构.其中,物主代词或名词所有格是逻辑主语,动名词是逻辑谓语.Hissmokingmadehisfamilyangry不可用him她的帮忙鼓舞拉我们所有人__________tohelpencouragedallofusNoonehadtoldSmithabout____alecturethefollowingdayAtherebeingBtherebeCtherewouldbeDtherewasHercomingA2005年安徽卷No.34Ireallycan’tunderstand_____herlikethat.A.youtreatB.youtotreatC.whytreatD.youtreating2006年江苏卷N0.32---Thereisastoryhereinthepaperabouta110-year-oldman.---Mygoodness!Ican’timagine___thatold.A.tobeB.tohavebeenC.beingD.havingbeenGoon______theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.A.todoB.doingC.withD.tobedoingShedidn'tremember________himbefore.A.havingmetB.havemetC.tomeetD.tohavingmetIcanhardlyimaginePeter____acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed---Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.---Well,nowIregret_____that.A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone2005年上海卷No.32Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldnotrisk_____thegoodopportunity.A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglost2006年北京卷No.35.Ican’tstand_____withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_____talkingwhilesheworks.A.working;stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.Towork;tostop2005年浙江卷No.3Thepresidentspokeatthebusinessmeetingfornearlyanhourwithout______hisnotes.A.bringingupB.referringtoC.lookingforD.tryingon•2005年江苏卷No.23•EverybodyinthevillagelikesJackbecauseheisgoodattellingand______jokes.•A.turningupB.puttingup•C.makingupD.showingup____themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragementAthepresidentwillattendBthepresidenttoattendCthepresidentattendedDthepresidents’attending