基于单片机的自动火灾报警系统毕业论文

学位论文原创性声明和使用授权说明原创性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的学位论文，是本人在导师指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的研究成果。除文中已经标明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本声明的法律结果由本人承担。学位论文作者签名：日期：年月日学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，即：学校有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权湖北理工学院可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。学位论文作者签名：指导教师签名：日期：年月日日期：年月日摘要全世界几乎每天都有火灾发生。城里的高层建筑，地下商场以及大型的建筑群日益增多。火灾的隐患也伴随着社会的发展而逐年升高。自动火灾报警系统就是为了保障人民生命财产安全而发明的，并且随着现代技术水平的不断提高。在方式，功能，和结构上不断的完善。以AT89C51单片机和MQ-2型半导体电阻式烟雾传感器为核心设计的烟雾报警器可实现报警、故障自诊断、浓度级别显示、报警设置、温度显示及与温度报警值设定等功能。是一种结构简单、性能稳定、使用方便、价格低廉、智能化的烟雾报警器。具有一定的实用价值。关键词：报警器；AT89C51；传感器ABSTRACTFirealmosteverydayallovertheworld.Withthedevelopmentofsocialistmodernization，thecityofhigh-risebuildings，undergroundshoppingmallsandlargebuildingsisincreasing.Thehiddendangerofthefirealsoincreasedyearbyyearalongwiththedevelopmentofthesociety.Cruelcalamity，itisthepeopleunderstoodthatwiththeincreasingofsocialwealth，thedevelopmentofsocialeconomy，thedangersoffirebringsusconstantlyexpanding.Hedestroyednotonlymaterialwealth.Butalsocausedthesocialanxietyandconfusion.Alsodirectlythreatenthesafetyoflife，tothesoulofpeoplecausedgreattrauma，reduceunnecessarylossforthepeople.Automaticfirealarmsystemistoprotectpeople'slifeandpropertysafetyandinvention，andwiththecontinuousimprovementofmoderntechnology.Inaway,thefunction，andstructure.AT89C51andMQ-2typesemiconductorresistancetypesmokesensorasthecoredesignofthesmokealarmcanrealizealarm,faultself-diagnosis，concentrationleveldisplay，alarmlimitsetting，temperatureandthetemperaturealarmvalueset.Isakindofsimplestructure，stableperformance，easytouse，lowcost，intelligentsmokealarm.Hasacertainpracticalvalue.Keywords:smokealarm；AT89C51；sensor；目录1、绪论............................................................................................................................11.1课题的背景及其意义...........................................11.2发展趋势.....................................................11.3现状与特点...................................................21.4系统的研究范围...............................................32、自动火灾报警系统整体方案设计..........................................................................52.1火灾的特点...................................................52.2自动火灾报警系统的作用和类型.................................52.3系统的总体方案设计...........................................72.3.1系统的方案设计.........................................73、系统的硬件选择与设计............................................................................................93.1主要芯片的选择...............................................93.1.1单片机的选择...........................................93.1.2模数转换芯片的选择....................................103.2传感器的选择................................................113.2.1烟雾传感器的选择......................................113.2.2温度探测器的选定......................................143.3各电路模块的设计............................................163.3.1单片机外围接口电路....................................163.3.2AD转换电路............................................173.3.3烟雾信号调理电路......................................183.3.4光报警电路............................................193.3.5声报警电路............................................193.3.6报警器故障自诊断......................................203.3.7显示部分..............................................203.3.8控制电路..............................................214、火灾报警系统的软件设计......................................................................................224.1软件开发环境................................................224.2火灾报警系统程序设计........................................224.2.1主程序流程图..........................................224.2.2主程序初始化流程图....................................234.2.3烟雾浓度处理子程序....................................244.2.4温度采集子程序........................................254.2.5键盘扫描程序流程图....................................274.2.6火灾判断与报警程序....................................284.2.7滤波子程序............................................295、功能仿真验证分析..................................................................................................305.1关于仿真与编程软件..........................................305.2Protues仿真原理图..........................................305.2.1没有火灾发生..........................................315.2.2温度过高时............................................315.2.3烟雾浓度过高时........................................315.2.4温度和烟雾浓度同时过高................................325.2.5紧急呼叫..............................................325.2.6报警的阀值设定........................................326、总结与展望..............................................................................................................336.1总结........................................................336.2展望........................................................34致谢............................................................................................................................35参考文献........................................................................................................................35附录........................................................