人教新课标高考英语课文第一轮复习语法：定语从句

`Unit4EarthquakeGrammartheAttributiveClause定语从句带定语从句的谚语：1.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助之。2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。3.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。1.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquake____________________________________shookTangshan.2.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthose____________whichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstonewhoweretrappedandtoburythedeadSomesentenceswithatrributiveclauseinthetext3.Butthepeopleinthecity,_____________________________wenttosleepasusualthatnight.4.ItwasheardinBeijing,_____________________________________whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,whichismorethan200kilometersaway.5.Ahugecrack_________________________________________________cutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.6.Thenumberofpeople______________________reachedmorethan400,000.thatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidewhowerekilledorinjured1.定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句，一般翻译为“......的”2.先行词：被修饰的名词,代词或整句话关系代词、关系副词：3.引导定语从句的词关系代词：关系副词：when,where,why等who,whom,whose,which,that等定语从句的相关概念TherewasanearthquakewhichhappenedinTangshanin1976.有一场发生在1976年的地震（1）限制性的定语从句：相当于一个形容词，翻译为“......的”TherewasanearthquakewhichhappenedinTangshanin1976.有一场发生在1976年的地震定语从句的类型：（2）非限制性的定语从句：一般有逗号和主句隔开，翻译为一个独立的“句子”。HuJintaoandWenJiabaoareournationalleaders,whoareveryconcernedaboutthedisaster-hitarea.胡锦涛和温家宝是我们国家的领导人，他们非常挂念灾区。关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：指人指物subject(主语)object(宾语)attribute（定语）whomwhowhichthatwhose√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略看图连句Letmetry!Letmetry!Theman_________________isBoerte(博尔特).跑得最快的那个男的是博尔特who/thatranfastestBoerte(博尔特)istheman________________.博尔特是跑得最快的那个男的who/thatranfastestThemanBoerte(博尔特)ranfastestabasketballplayer，playsbasketball，inNBAYiJianlianisabasketballplayer_________________________________________________.who/thatplaysbasketballinNBA.Guangzhouisacity___________________________________________.GuangzhouacitywillhosttheAsianGamesnextyearwhich/thatwillhosttheAsianGamesnextyearWhichhouseismine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。Thehouse_________________ismine.Thehouse_________________ismine.Thehouse_________________ismine.whoseroofisbrownMyhousetheroofofwhichisbrownofwhichtheroofisbrownThecity____________________________________________________isBeijing.which\thathostedthe2008OlympicGamesThecityhost(举办)2oo8OlympicGamesBeijingHuJitaoandWenJiabaoareournationalleaders.Theyareveryconcernedaboutthedisaster-hitarea.1)HuJintaoandWenJiabaoareournationalleaders,____________________________________________.whoareveryconcernedaboutthedisaster-hitarea2)HuJitaoandWenJiabao,____________________________________________areournationalleaders.whoareveryconcernedaboutthedisaster-hitarea,1.Theman_________cametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Thegirl_________________ImetisLucy.3.Achild_______parentsaredeadiscalledTom.4.Ilikethebook____________youboughtyesterday.5.Weshallneverforgetthedays____________wespenttogether.6.Iliketheperson_________youjusttalked.7.Ihavearoom________windowfacessouth.=Ihavearoom______________________facessouth.who,thatwhom,that,who,/whosethat,which,/that,which,/towhomwhosethewindowsofwhich一、that和which用法的区别(1)先行词为表示“物”的all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much，theone,none等不定代词时。Iamsureshehassomething_____youcanborrow.(2)先行词被all,every,some,any，one,few,any,no,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooks_____youlendme.1、只能用that不用which的情况(that)thatDoyouhaveanything_____youdon’tunderstand?(that)Pleasesendusanyinformation_____youhaveaboutthesubject.that(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时，不管先行词是人还是物。Thisisthefirstboy____shehasmet.(that)Itisthemostbeautifulcity_____I’veeverseen.（that）(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thejust,thelast强调修饰时，不管先行词是人还是物。Thisistheverybook_____belongstohim.thatHeistheonlyperson_____waspresentatthetime.that(6)主句中有who,which或whom时。Whoisthegirl_____drovethecar?(7)主句以therebe,且先行词表示“物”引导时。Therearemorethan4000houses_____weredestroyedintheearthquake.(5)先行词既有人又有物时。Thefamouswriterandhisworks_____theradiobroadcastarepopulartothestudents.thatthatthat(8)先行词是主句的的表语，而关系词也在从句里做表语时,不管先行词是人还是物。Heisnolongertheboy_____heusedtobe.that(9)way(方法)后面常用that代替inwhich,但也可以不填Thisistheway_____________hedidit.这是他做这件事情的方法。(that/inwhich)(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）。Therearemanytrees__________theycanhavearest.=Therearemanytrees___________theycanhavearestunder.Thisisthering__________shespent1000dollars.2、只用which不用that的情况(2)在非限制性定语从句中(可以修饰一个先行词，也可以修饰整个句子)。Thisishishouse,______is50yearsold.(代替house)Tomwaslate,_____madehisteacherangry.(代替整个句子)underwhichonwhichwhichthat/whichwhich二、只用who的情况One____hasnothingtofeardarestotellthetruth.Theones____laughatthedisabledarenotgoodstudents.Anyone____failstofinishthetaskshouldbepunished.Those____wanttogotoTheGreatWallsighuphere.Heistheveryoneofthestudents___passedthetest.whowhowhowho（1）先行词是表示人的代词one,ones,anyone,those时；（2）先行词是those,persons,people时，均用whowho3.在therebe/live句型里，如果先行词是表示人，关系词用who.(1)Thereisayoungmanoutside_____asksforyou.外面有个想见你的年轻人(2)Therelivedaking____wasunkindtohispeople.从前有个对臣民不好的国王whowho三，定语从句的主谓一致原则1.I,who____anEnglishteacher,likelisteningtolightmusic.2.Heisoneofthestudentswho_______(like)seeingfilms.他是其中的一个喜欢看电影学生3.Heistheonlyoneofthes