外研版八年级下册宾语从句的复习

宾语从句的复习概念：宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。eg.Weknow（that）MrLiteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.句子结构：主句+连词（引导词）+宾语从句宾语从句三要素：连词时态语序引导词：陈述句1.Iknow.Heisastudent.Iknow(that)heisastudent.一般疑问句2.Iwanttoknow.Isheastudent?Iwanttoknowif/whetherheisastudent.特殊疑问句3Canyoutellme?Howoldishe?Canyoutellmehowoldheis?1.当宾语从句是陈述句时,由that引导.我听说Tom很会打篮球。IhearthatTomisgoodatbasketball2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导。Sheasked_____________KobewouldcometovisitChinanextweek.3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由原句本身的连接词引导。Heasked____________.（wheredoesshelive?）时态①主句是现在时,从句根据实际情况使用相应时态②主句是过去时,从句使用过去时的某种形式③从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时,不管主句使用什么时态,从句都用一般现在时语序从句一律用陈述语序,即主语+谓语(3)时态的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语的时态的变化其规律是：一般现在时——一般过去时一般过去时——过去完成时一般将来时——过去将来时现在进行时——过去进行时现在完成时——过去完成时过去完成时——不变将来进行时——过去将来进行时将来完成时——过去将来完成时练习1.Hesaid________shewouldleavethemessageontheheadmaster'sdesk.A.thatB.whereC.ifD.what2.A:Couldyoutellme________sheislookingfor?B:Herdaughter,Susan.A.thatB.ifC.whoD.which3.Iwanttoknow________youwouldliketocometomybirthdayparty.A.thatB.whetherC.howD.where4.A:I'mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow________itwillarrive?B:Usuallyitcomesby4:00.A.howB.whereC.whenD.if（二）时态1.主句是现在时态，宾语从句可以是任何适当时态。1.Doyouknowwho_____________________?（他们在等谁?）2.Askhimwhathe______justnow？（他刚才在干什么）2.主句是过去时态，宾语从句一般是相应的过去时态。1.Isawshe____________________(讲话）hermotherateightyesterday.2.Heaskedwhetherhisfather____________________(回来）tomorrow.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时1.Theteachersaid(that)theearth________(travel)aroundthesun.（地球绕着太阳转）2.Thelittleboyaskedifthesun_________intheeast.（太阳是否在东方升起）三）语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分MarkTorF.1.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.Idon’tknowwhathewantstobuy.3.WewanttoknowwhetherheknowsFrench.例题1.Wehaven’tdecidedif________.A.willwetakeafieldtripB.wetakeafieldtripC.we’lltakeafieldtripD.wewouldtakeafieldtrip2.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?A.whatB.whenC.ifD.that3.Idon'tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where4.SheaskedmeifIknew______A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit难点链接1．could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。1)Couldyoutelluswhichgatewe_______(have)togoto?2)Wouldyouliketoknow________________(什么时候她会回来）2.如果从句中含有or或ornot时，只能用whether而不用if,当在介词后，也只能用whether而不用if。1.Couldyoutellme_____that’safasttrainornot?2.I’mthinkingof______weshouldgofishing.3.一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式是一样的。但若主句是I/Wethink/suppose/guess/believe等时，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中把下面的宾语从句改为否定句。1.Ithinkit’sgoingtorain.Idon’tthinkit’sgoingtorain.2.Webelieveshewilllendyouthemoney.Wedon’tbelieveshewilllendyouthemoney置于动词、介词等词后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。一、宾语从句的引导词1．陈述句作宾语从句时，用that引导，且that可以_______。如：Weknew(that)weshouldlearnfromeachother.我们知道我们应该互相学习。Theradiosays(that)itwillraintomorrow.收音机报道说明天要下雨2．一般疑问句作宾语从句时，用引导词_______或whether。如：Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouhavebeentoAmerica.请告诉我你是否去过美国。Iwonderif/whetheryouhavetoldthenewstoLiLei.我想知道你是否已经告诉李雷这个消息了。3．特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，用原句的___________(what,when,which,where等)引导。如：Doyouknowwhathisnameis?你知道他叫什么名字吗？二、宾语从句的语序陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变。一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序要变为_________语序。如：Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid(that)hewasanhonestboy.Doesheworkhard?Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whetherheworkshard.Whendidheleave?Idon'tknow.→Idon'tknowwhenheleft.三、宾语从句的时态1．如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：Ihaveheard(that)hewillcomebacknextweek.我听说他下周回来。2．如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用_________的某种时态。如：Hesaid(that)therewerenoclassesyesterday.他说昨天没有课。WeaskedwhatJeanwasdoingthen.我们问Jean那时正在做什么。注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用___________。如：Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.他说光比声音传播得快。练习题1.Iwonder(想知道)_______heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.when2.Haveyoufoundout______wecandoonHainanIsland?A.whatB.howC.ifD.whether3.Couldyoushowme_______?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation4.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike5.Doesheknow_________?A.what’syournameB.whatnameisyourC.whatyourisnameD.whatyournameis6.Tomsaidhe____backinaweek.A.willcomeB.wouldcomeC.comesD.come7.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyoulive8.CouldyoutellmehowmanyEnglishwords____since1996?A.haveyoulearnedB.didyoulearnC.youhavelearnedD.youlearned9.----Couldyoutellme＿＿＿?----Yes，They＿＿＿tothelibraryA.wherearethetwins，havebeenB.wherewerethetwins，havebeenC.wherethetwinsare，havegoneD.wherethetwinswere，havegone1.【】—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_____IcangettotheSpaceMuseum?—Ofcourse.YoucantakebusNo.1.A.whereB.howC.ifD.why2.【】—Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?—I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how3.【】Heaskedme________wecouldgotoBeijingtowatchthegamebyplane.A.thatB.ifC.howD.what4.【】Noonecanbesure_________inamillionyears.A.whatmanlookslikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.whatmanlookedlikeD.whatmanwilllooklike5.【】YourT-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme________?A.whereyoubuyitB.wheredoyoubuyitC.whereyouboughtitD.wheredidyoubuyit6．【】—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme________?—Yes.Thereisavideoshopnexttothetallbuilding.A.wherecanIbuysomeCDsB.whereIcanbuysomeCDsC.whencanIbuysomeCDsD.whenIcanbuysomeCDs7.【】Thenew-designedcar