Percy-Bysshe-Shelley

Thetrumpetofaprophecy!O,wind,Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?----ShellyPercyByssheShelley(1792-1822)ShellyIntroductionShelly,oneoftheleadingRomanticpoets,anintenseandoriginallyricalpoetintheEnglishlanguage.EnglishromanticpoetwhorebelledagainstEnglishpoliticsandconservativevalues.HewasnotonlyaPlatonist,butalsoanidealist.Hisworkreflectedtheradicalideasandrevolutionaryoptimismoftheera.Outline1、Lifeexperience2、Pointsofview3、Featuresofhispoetry4、Majorworks5、Position6、Comments7、AnalysisofOdetotheWestWindShelley’sEarlyLifeBornwealthily(1792)Eton(12yearsold)(MadShelly)Oxford(18yearsold)TheNecessityofAtheismExpelledfromtheuniversityanddisownedbyhisfatherShelley’sMarriageFirstWife(19yearsold)Secondwife(22yearsold)HarrietWestbrookHastyandunsuitableMaryGodwinHappyMarryShellyShelley’sLaterLifeFour-yeartroublesinItalyPoorhealthFinancialproblemsRestlessmovingDrownedin1822,buriedinRomePointsofViewAlifelongaversion(厌恶)tocruelty,injustice,authority,condemningtyrannyandexploitationandunjustwar,glorifiedfreedom,expressedhissympathyfortheoppressed.Tohimtheemancipation(解放）ofmankindcouldonlybewon“byresoluteperseveranceandindefatigable(有耐性的）hope,andlongsufferingandlong-believingcourage,andthesystematiceffortsofgenerationsofmenofintellectandvirtue.Hedidnotunderstandthenecessityofarmedstruggleforabettersociety.FeaturesofShelley’sPoetryRichinmyth,symbolsandclassicalallusions,shortpoemsonnatureandlove.Strongdramaticpowerasshownintherapidityofhislines;Styleaboundsinpersonificationandmetaphorandotherfiguresofspeech.1)TheNecessityofAtheism,《无神论的必然性》，writtenwheninOxfordUniversity２)QueenMab,《仙后麦布》，writtenwheninLondon.３)TheRevoltofIslam《伊斯兰的反叛》HisLiteraryWorksHisLiteraryWorks４)PrometheusUnbound,《解放了的普罗米修斯》，writtenwheninItaly.５)TheMasqueofAnarchy,《专制者的假面游行》，apoliticallyrics,writtenwheninItaly.HisLiteraryWorks６)“OdetotheWestWind”,“西风颂”writtenwheninItaly.7)ADefenceofPoetry,《诗辩》，writtenwheninItaly.PrometheusUnboundShelley'sgreatestachievementAfour-actlyricaldramaPlotborrowedfromtheGreekmythology,PrometheusBound:Prometheus,thechampionofhumanity,whohasstolenthefirefromHeaven,ispunishedbyZeustobechainedonMountCaucasus&suffersthevulture'sfeedingonhisliver.PrometheusfinallyreconcileswiththetyrantZeus.VSPrometheusUnboundShelleygaveatotallydifferentinterpretation,transformingthecompromiseintoaliberation.WiththestrongsupportofEarth,hismother;Asia,hisbride&thehelpfromDemogorgon&Hercules,Zeusisdrivenfromthethrone;Prometheusisunbound.Theplayisanexultantworkinpraiseofhumankind'spotential,representingShelley’sfaithintheultimatevictoryforman’sstruggleagainsttyrannyandoppression.PrometheusUnboundZeus:asymbolofallreactionaryinstitutions.Prometheus:asymbolofnoblequalities:man’sshapingintellect,hisheroicendurance,thedefianceagainsttyranny,theloveofmankindPrometheusUnbound人类不再有君主，自由自在，无拘无束，但还是人，人人平等，不分阶级、种族和国家，摆脱了恐惧、崇拜、差别和头上的君主，人类变得公正、温和、聪明，但还是人。HisPositioninEnglishHistoryOneoftheleadingromanticpoets,anintenseandoriginallyricalpoetintheEnglishlanguage.Asfarashislyricpoemsareconcerned,heisregardedasoneofthegreatestofallEnglishpoets.HewasthefirstpoetinEuropewhosangfortheworkingclass.CommentsWordsworthsaid,“Shellyisoneofthebestartistsofusall”.Byron,hisbestfriend,calledShelly“thebestandleastselfishmanIeverknew”.HeandByronarejustifiablyregardedastwogreatpoetsofrevolutionaryromanticisminEngland.Engelswrote:Shelly,thegenius,theprophet,ShellyandByron,withhisglowingsensualityandhisbittersatireuponourexistingsociety,findmostoftheirreadersintheproletariat(无产阶级）.OdetotheWestWindWrittenintheAutumn,1819,andpublishedinthefollowingyear,thispoemhasbecomeoneofthemostpopularandbest-knownofShelley'sverses.InanoteShelleyoutlinedthecircumstancesbehindthepoem'smakingThisisbestofallthewell-knownlyricpiecesbyShelley.Ode:anelaboratelyformallyricpoem,oftenintheformofalengthyceremoniousaddresstoapersonorabstractentity,alwaysseriousandelevatedintone.NoteThispoemwasconceivedandchieflywritteninawoodthatskirtstheArno,nearFlorence,onadaywhenthattempestuouswind,whosetemperatureisatoncemildandanimating,wascollectingthevaporswhichpourdowntheautumnalrains.Theybegin,asIforesaw,atsunset,withaviolenttempestofhailandrain,attendedbythatmagnificentthunderandlightningpeculiartotheCisalpineregions.(Shelley239)ⅠOwildWestWind,thoubreathofAutumn'sbeing,Thou,fromwhoseunseenpresencetheleavesdeadAredriven,likeghostsfromanenchanterfleeing,Yellow,andblack,andpale,andhecticred,Pestilence-strickenmultitudes:Othou,WhochariotesttotheirdarkwintrybedThewingedseeds,wheretheyliecoldandlow,Eachlikeacorpsewithinitsgrave,untilThineazuresisteroftheSpringshallblowHerclariono'erthedreamingearth,andfill(Drivingsweetbudslikeflockstofeedinair)Withlivinghuesandodoursplainandhill:WildSpirit,whichartmovingeverywhere;Destroyerandpreserver;hear,Ohear!AlliterationmetaphorAnastropheparadoxⅠ查良铮译哦，狂暴的西风，秋之生命的呼吸！你无形，但枯死的落叶被你横扫，有如鬼魅碰到了巫师，纷纷逃避：黄的，黑的，灰的，红得像患肺痨，呵，重染疫疠的一群：西风呵，是你以车驾把有翼的种子催送到黑暗的冬床上，它们就躺在那里，像是墓中的死穴，冰冷，深藏，低贱，直等到春天，你碧空的姊妹吹起她的喇叭，在沉睡的大地上响遍，（唤出嫩芽，像羊群一样，觅食空中）将色和香充满了山峰和平原。不羁的精灵呵，你无处不远行；