图表类作文(完整版)

图表类作文图表题的五种类型tablelinegraphbarchartpiechartprocessdiagram表格题线图柱状图饼状图流程图Note:图表题和议论文最根本的差异就是图表题是客观性写作而议论文是主观性写作。常用动词词汇：上升：increase，rise，grow,soar,shootupe.g:thenumberofpopulationincreased/ascended/mountedto(by)…下降：decrease，fall，drop，descend，decline，reduce，plungee.g:thenumberofpopulationdecreased/declinedto(by)…平稳：remainstable，steady，gradual,stay/remain/maintain/keep/bethesamee.g:thenumberofpopulationmountedandleveledoffat7millionthenumberofpopulationstayedstableat5million波动：fluctuate，riseandfallsupanddowne.g:thenumberofpopulationfluctuatedbetween2and10million最高点：reachthepeak,reachthehighestpoint,reachthezenithe.g:thenumberofpopulationreachedthepeakat8million最低点：reachthebottome.g:Afterdecreasing,thenumberofpopulationbottomedoutat4million.占据：occupy，takeup，accountfor表复苏：recover,bouncebacke.g:thenumberofpopulationrecoveredfrom2million常用形容词和副词－－变化程度abrupt(ly),sudden(ly),dramatic(ally),drastic(ally),sharp(ly)quick(ly),,rapid(ly),marked(ly),significant(ly)considerable(considerably),substantial(ly),moderate(ly)gradual(ly),slight(ly),enormous(ly),vast(ly)图表时间的表达：1.in+月/年2.between…and…3.from…to…4.overtheperiodfrom…to…5.intheyearbetween…and…6.inthe3yearsspanningfrom2001through20047.forthefirst3months8.for/during/overthenext/following6months9.for/during/over/intheof4months10.for/during/over/ina4-monthperiod11.over/for/duringthesameperiod12.fromthenon/fromthistime/pointonwards/sincethen13.bytheyearof…14.after/before+年/月一、如何描述数据的上升或下降一般来说，有两种句式表达数据的上升或下降。a.描述对象+表示增长或减少的动词+程度副词+数据+时间点b.Therewasa+表示程度的形容词+表示增长或减少的名词+数据+时间点Example:a.ThebirthrateinChinaincreasedsteadilyfromabout10percentin1920tojustover15percentin1935,followedbyasharpdeclinetonearly5percentin1940.b.TherewasasteadyincreaseinthebirthrateinChinafromabout10percentin1920tojustover15percentin1935,followedbyasharpdeclinetonearly5percentin1940.句子演练：1.根据图表中的数据，教师的人数从1960年的500万急剧下滑到1962年300万。a.Accordingtothefigure,therewasasharpdecreaseinthenumberofteachersfromfivemillionin1960tothreemillionin1962.b.Accordingtothefigure,thenumberofteachersdecreaseddramaticallyfromfivemillionin1960to(nomorethan)threemillionin1962.2.1979年之后，牛肉和羊肉的消费状况分别急剧下降到大约100和55斤。a.After1979,theconsumptionofbeefandlambfelldramaticallytoapproximately100and55gramsrespectively.b.After1979,therewasadramaticdeclineintheconsumptionofbeefandlambtoapproximately100and55gramsrespectively.二、如何描述数据变化的总体趋势a.描述对象+shoeda/anupward/downwardtrend+from+具体数据+时间点+to+具体数据+时间点b.描述对象+experiencedafall/rise+between+具体数据+时间点+and+具体数据+时间点Example:•Ascanbeseenfromthelinegraph,theconsumptionofhamburgersshowedanupwardtrendfromabout90gramsin1970tonearly550gramsin1990.•Bycomparison,theconsumptionoffishandchipsexperiencedasteadyfallbetweenjustover300gramsinthe1970and200gramsin1985,followedbyaslightincreasetoapproximately230gramsin1990.句子演练：1.离婚的数量呈下降的趋势，从1990年的140万下降到2000年的100万。a.Thenumberofdivorcesexperiencedadownwardtrendfrom1.4millionsin1990to1millionin2000.b.Thenumberofdivorcesexperiencedafallbetween1.4millionsin1990and1millionin2000.三、如何排序a.表示总量第一或占比例第一+at+具体的数据+followedby排名第二的对象+表示占比例的词或词组+具体数据b.表示总量第一或占比例第一+at+具体数据,while排名第二的对象+表示占比例的词或词组+具体数据Example:a.Itisclearfromthepiechartthatindividualsshouldtakethelargestproportionofthecostsofeachcourse,at40%,followedbytheemployers,accountingfor35%.Besides,thetaxpayersconstituted25%.b.However,people’spreferencein1995changedalot.Itissurprisingthat27%ofthemstartedtoplaycomputergames,while11%stoppedtalkingwiththeirfamily.描述排序会用到的词或词组表示排名第一的方式：BeonthetopofthelistTakethefirstplaceRankthefirst表示占据比例的词：Accountfor,constitute,takeup表示比例的词：Percentage,proportion,share四、如何表示比例1.….was20%of….2.…wasonefifthof….3.…was20%asmany/muchas…4.…increased/fellby…Example:1.TheelectricityproducedfromhydropowerinNorwaywas108.7billionkw/h,whichwasalmost99%ofthetotalinthiscountry.2.However,in2000,theproportionofmarriagefellbyapproximately11%,whilethatofthosewhowerenevermarriedrosebynearly5%.五、如何表示对比Bycontrast,/BycomparisonComparedwithsth,….…while…Asimilarpatternwasrepeatedfor…Asharpcontrastwasillustratedin…Onthecontrary,…Contraryto….句子演练：1.从图表中可见，受到雇佣者支持的26岁以下的人所占比例最大，大约为60%，而那些26至29岁的人居第二位，所占比例大约为50%。Ascanbeseenfromchart,peopleunder26receivedthelargestproportionofsupportfromtheemployers,atmorethan60%,whilethosewhowere26to29tookthesecondplace,atover50%.2.与披萨饼的消费情况相比，低收入人群似乎更喜欢汉堡包。Comparedwiththeconsumptionofpizza,peopleinlow-incomegroupseemedtoenjoymorehamburgers.开头段：写1－2句改写原题增加单词、删除单词和替换单词1.ThetablebelowshowstheproportionofdifferentcategoriesoffamilieslivinginpovertyinAustraliain1999.Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.替换单词showdescribe/illustrate/demonstrate/summarise/outline/indicateproportionpercentagecategorieskinds/typesfamilieshouseholdsfamilieslivinginpovertypoorfamilies首段翻译练习：1.图表中显示了1992年从十月到十二月在英国年龄在4岁以上的电视观众的比例。Thegraphshows(relates)thepercentageoftelevisionaudiencesover4yearsoldintheUKovertheperiodfromOctobertoDecemberin1992.2.图中数据表明了在2002年5个不同国家全国消费者开支的比例。Thefiguresprovideinformationabouttheproportionsofnationalconsumerexpenditurei