基于单片机的温湿度控制仪的设计

i基于单片机的温湿度控制仪的设计摘要：本设计实现的是单片机温湿度测量与控制系统，通过LCD显示所测量的温湿度。系统采用集温湿度传感器与A/D转换器为一体的SHT11芯片，通过单片机处理进行显示，其它模块包括了实时时钟/日期产生电路和超限报警处理电路，对所测量的值进行实时显示和报警处理。本文介绍了基于ATMEL公司的AT89C51系列单片机的温湿度实时测量与控制系统和显示系统的设计，包括介绍了硬件结构原理，并分析了相应的软件的设计及其要点，包括软件设计流程及其程序实现。系统结构简单、实用，提高了测量精度和效率。关键词：单片机、SHT11、LCD、DS1302、温湿度控制；iiTheDesignofTemperatureandHumidityControlInstrumentwhichisbasedonMCUAbstract:ThedesignandimplementationofmeasurementandcontroltemperatureandhumidityisMCUsystem,throughwhichthetemperatureandhumiditymeasurementLCD.SystemadoptssettemperatureandhumiditysensorandA/DconverterforSHT11chipmicrocontrollerprocessing,throughthatothermodulesincludingreal-timeclock/dateproducecircuitandtheoff-gaugealarmcircuit,thevalueofmeasurementforreal-timedisplayandalarm.ThepaperintroducestheATMELcompanybasedonAT89C51single-chipseriesoftemperatureandhumiditymeasurementandcontrolsystemandreal-timedisplaysystemdesign,includingthehardwarestructureandprinciple,andthecorrespondingsoftwaredesign,includingthedesignofthesoftwareanditskeyprocessandprocedure.Systemstructureissimple,practical,andimprovethemeasuringprecisionandefficiency.Keywords:MCU,SHT11,LCD,DS1302,temperatureandhumiditycontroliii目录引言..........................................................................................................................................................11.整体设计.............................................................................................................................................22.仿真软件介绍.....................................................................................................................................32.1Proteus简介.........................................................................................................................32.2KEILC51编译器简介..........................................................................................................43.硬件设计部分.....................................................................................................................................63.1芯片介绍..................................................................................................................................63.1.1单片机—AT89C51......................................................................................................63.1.2LCD显示--LCD1604..................................................................................................93.1.3DS1302原理及应用................................................................................................123.1.4温湿度传感器SHT11...............................................................................................173.2模块功能介绍.......................................................................................................................233.2.1复位电路部分..........................................................................................................233.2.2传感器电路部分.....................................................................................................243.2.3时钟电路部分..........................................................................................................243.2.4显示电路部分..........................................................................................................243.2.5超限处理电路部分.................................................................................................253.3整体电路图...........................................................................................................................264.软件设计部分...................................................................................................................................274.1主程序框图：.......................................................................................................................284.2温湿度采集及处理框图......................................................................................................294.3LCD显示框图.......................................................................................................................304.4主函数解析：......................................................................................................................305.仿真与调试.......................................................................................................................................326.总结...................................................................................................................................................36参考文献...............................................................................................................................................37附录：源程序.......................................................................................................................................38第1页共38页引言目前我国农业正处于从传统农业向以优质、高产、高效益为目标的现代农业转化的新阶段。环境控制工程作为农业生物速生、优质、高产的手段，是农业现代化的重要标志。温室大棚中的环境由多个因子组成，如温度、光照、湿度及二氧化碳浓度等。时下，我国温室环境控制目前仍靠人工经验来管理，严重影响了农业生产的效益，阻碍了农业生产的发展，因此，采用先进的人工智能技术，科学、合理地控制影响作物的环境因子，通过计算机控制设备进行环境控制，以便给作物生长创造一个最佳的环境条件，做到既提高产品的质量、产量、经济价值和社会效益，同时尽量降低生产成本，这对温室环境施行自动检测和控制是非常必要的。温室设施的关键技术是环境控