Unit-15-Obamas-victory-speech

Unit15Obama’sVictorySpeech•PartIWarmmingup•PartIIBackground•PartIIITextanalysis•PartIVLanguagePointsPartIWarmmingup•WhatdoyouknowaboutObama?•WhendidObamamakethespeech?•Intheyear2008.PartIIBackground•ThisisthespeechdeliveredbyBarackObamatosome600,000supportersinGrantPark,Chicago,whenhewontheelectionasthefirstAfro-AmericanpresidentoftheUnitedStates.Obamaisgenerallyacclaimedasapowerfulspeaker,andthisshortspeechisagoodexample.Manycommentatorsfounditforcefulandlyrical.PartIIITextanalysis•Thespeechiswellorganized.Intheopeningpart(paras.1-4),Obamahails招呼hiselectionasavictoryforAmericandemocracy.Inthecentralpart(paras.5-28),hefirstlooksbackonthe21-month-longcampaignandexpresseshisgratitudetoallthosewhohavesupportedhim.ThenhelooksintohisfutureroleandcallsonallAmericanstojoinhiminrebuildingthenation.Intheconcludingpart(paras.29-31),hemapsoutgoalsfortheUnitedStates.6Structure1-4Structure5-2829-31Listentothetextreadingandtrytogetthemainidea.glossaryTheStructureoftheText•I.(paras.1-4)Theintroduction:ObamahailshiselectionasatriumphantvictoryforAmericandemocracy.TheStructureoftheTextII.(paras.5-28)Thebody•(paras.5-13)Hereviewsthe21-month-longcampaignandexpresseshisgratitudetopeopleconcerned.•(paras.5-6)Hepaystributetohisopponentsintheelection.•(paras.7-9)Heexpressesgratitudetothosewhohavesupportedhiminthecampaign.•(paras.10-13)HeoweshiselectionmostlytothebroadmassesofAmericanpeople.•(paras.14-28)Helooksaheadtohisnewjobconfidently.•(paras.14-16)HeappealstoAmericanpeopletojoinhiminremakingthenation.•(para.1-20)HeurgesAmericanpeopletounite,displayinganewspiritofpatriotism,fightingpartisanship(党派偏见),andstickingtotheidealsofthenation.•(paras.21-28)Bysharingthestoryofa106-year-oldblackwomanwhohaswitnessedthenation’sprogressinthepastcentury,heconveystoallAmericanshisconfidenceinthenation.TheStructureoftheText•III.(paras.29-31)Theconclusion:HesetsnewgoalsfortheUnitedStates.PartIVLanguagePoints•1.Wonderif:wecansay“wonderwhether”orwonderif”exceptinthefollowingcaseswhen“whether”ispreferred:•Whenfollowedbyaninfinitive:Hedidn’tknowwhethertoleaveorstay.•Whenusedasaclauseofapreposition:Theytalkedaboutwhethertoclosedownthatnuclearpowerstation.•Whenfollowedby“ornot”:Youmustgowhetheryoulikeitornot.•2.Stretch:Hereitisusedasanintransitiveverbs,meaningtocontinueforacertaindistance.•Note:Itcanalsobeusedasantransitiveverb(tostretchone’sneck,tostretchone’sarms,etc.)•3.Betteroff:Thisis“welloff”inthecomparativedegree.Itmeans“inabettersituation”or“havingmoremoney”.•Notethesubtledifferencebetween“better”and“betteroff”:•I’msurewe’llbemuchbetteroffifweputmoreemphasisonhomeconsumption.•Sheisinmuchbetterhealththisyear.•4.AndIwouldnotbestandingheretonightwithouttheunyieldingsupportofmybestfriendforthelast16years.•Itmeansthesameas“Iwouldnothavesucceededifithadnotbeenforthefirmsupportof……”•Or:Itisthestaunch坚定的supportof…thathasmadeitpossibleformetowinthiselection.•Or:Iowemysuccesstothestrongsupportof…..•Noticetheculturaldifferencehere.InChina,thiskindofremarkwouldusuallybeconsideredtoopersonalandthereforeinappropriateforsuchoccasions,whereasintheUnitedStates,thisisexpectedandappreciated.5.Benolongerwithus:Itmeans“nolongerlivingwithus”here.Obama’sgrandmotherisstillalive,sothisexpressioncouldnotbeaeuphemismfor“havingpassedaway”.•6.Beyondmeasure:“Beyond”hereisusedforsayingthatsthcannotbedone.•Moreexamples:beyondrecognition;beyondcontrol;beyondreach•7.Grow:Hereitisusedasatransitiveverb.Weoftensay“growvegetablesorcrops”.“Growstrength”isabituncommon.8.Theirgeneration’sapathy:TheyoungergenerationtodayintheUnitedStateshassometimesbeenreferredtobysomepeopleas“thegenerationofapathy”,meaningtheyareratherindifferenttowhatgoesonintheworldorinthecountry.Obamasaysthatwhatyoungpeoplehavedoneinthiselectionhasprovedthatitisnotso;theyoungergenerationdoescare.9.Reject:todisagreewith(anidea,anargumentorasuggestion).Inthiscontext,wecan’treplaceitwith“refuse”.•decline[di'klain]n.下降；衰退；斜面vi.下降；衰落；谢绝vt.谢绝；婉拒•I'mafraidImustdeclineyourinvitation.•恐怕我得谢绝你的邀请。•refuse[ri'fju:z,ri:-]n.垃圾；废物vt.拒绝；不愿；抵制vi.拒绝•Werefuseyourclaimasitisnotourfault.•我方拒绝贵方提出的索赔要求，因为不是我方的过错。•whiletheymayacceptit,theymayrefusetodiscussit.•当他们可以接受的时候，会拒绝讨论这个问题。•object['ɔbdʒikt,-dʒekt,əb'dʒekt]n.目标；物体；客体；宾语vt.提出…作为反对的理由vi.反对；拒绝•Heobjecttoreceivinganyremunerationforhisservice.•他拒绝接受任何服务的酬劳。•rejectvt.拒绝；排斥；抵制；丢弃n.被弃之物或人；次品•Itisyourdutytoacceptorrejecttheproposal.•接受或拒绝此提议全由你做主。•表示拒绝的时候最常用的是refuse，reject相比意思较强烈•10.For221years:countingfrom1787’sConstitutionalConventionatwhichtheAmericanConstitutionwassigned(andwasratified批准shortlyafterwards)•11.Blockbyblock:“By”isusedwhensayingthatsthhappensorchangesgradually,e.g.•Daybyday;weekbyweek;bitbybit;onebyone;littlebylittle;inchbyinch;stepbystep•12.Tofallbackonsth/sb:touseordosthelseafterthingshavefailed(退而求其次地做某事)，e.g.:Ifwecannotgetenoughoilintheinternationalmarket,wewillhavetofallbackonourowncoal.•Duringthatenergycrisis,eventheQueenandthePrimeMinisterhadtofallbackoncandles.•13.Wearenotenemies,butfriends…thoughpassionmayhavestrainedit,itmustnotbreakourbondsofaffection.(para.18