专业外语(翻译部分)-东南大学

•IntroductionoftheGeneratorandtheExcitationSystem（励磁系统）OurgeneratorisofQFSN-600-2type,waterandhydrogeninner-cooledunit.ItismanufacturedbyShanghaiTurbineGeneratorCo.,Ltd.,aSino-Americanjointventurecompany.Thisisthestatorofa600MWgenerator,whichconsistsoftheironcoil,thewindingandtheunitbase.Theseareterminalconductors.我厂发电机是QFSN-600-2型600MW水氢冷汽轮发电机，它是中美合资上海汽轮发电机有限公司的产品。这就是一台600MW发电机组的定子，它由铁芯、绕组、机座组成。这些是引出线。•Suchlossestakeup1%~2%ofthewholecapacityofthegenerator.Mostoftheenergylosses（能量损耗）,suchasironloss（铁损）,copperloss（铜损）,excitationloss（励磁损耗）andmechanicalloss（机械损耗）turnintoheatenergy,whichraisethetemperatureofthegeneratorandrestrictsitsgeneratingability.发电机在运行中能量损耗约占发电机容量的1％～2％。大部分损耗的能量转变成热能，使发电机的温度升高，也限制了发电机的发电能力。发电机的损耗有铁损、铜损、励磁损耗和机械损耗。•Ourexcitationsystemiscomposedofpermanent-magnetgenerator（永磁发电机）,ACexciter（整流器）androtatingrectifier.Thesystempowersourcecomesfromthecoaxial（同轴的）ACexciterandthepilotexciter（副励磁机）withoutanygriddisturbance.Weprovidethesystemwiththerotorquickde-excitationandovervoltageprotectionincaseofasymmetric（不均运）faults,particularlyincaseoftheextremeovervoltageintherotorwhentheopenphaseorthebigslipasynchronous（非同期的）operationtakesplace.Inaddition,highinitial（高起始反应速度）responsebrushlessexcitation（无刷励磁）systemisusedinourplant.Withoutthesliprings（滑环）andbrushes（电刷）,ithasgivedusmorebenefits,suchaseasiermaintenance,nocarbondustpollutionandlowernoise（噪声）level.本厂励磁系统由永磁发电机、交流励磁机和旋转整流装置组成。励磁电源取自同轴交流励磁机和副励磁机，可不受系统干扰。我们还使用同步发电机转子快速灭磁及过电压保护装置，当发电机出现两相、三相短路，失步，非同期合闸及其他不正常过电压，特别是发电机出现非全相及大滑差异步运行，转子绕组产生剧烈过电压时，均能起到可靠的保护作用。另外，我厂采用的是高起始反应性能的无刷励磁系统。由于没有滑环和电刷，操作维护的工作量较少，并且没有电刷炭粉的污染，还降低了噪声。•Outerconnection（外部接线）isnotneededbetweenthegeneratorfield（发电机磁场）andtheexciterexceptforthoseamongthestatoroftheACexciter,thestatorofthepilotexciterandthecontrolcircuit（控制回路）.Theinnerandtherotatingelements（旋转元件）areofrigidconnectiontype.除了副励磁机定子、交流励磁机定子和控制线路之间要用外部接线，发电机磁场和励磁机之间不需要外部接线。内部连接、旋转元件是刚性连接。•Allthecriticalcomponents（重要部件）,liketherotatingdiodes（二极管）,thetriggercircuit（触发回路）,thepoweramplifyingcircuit（功放回路）andthestabilizedpowersupply（稳压电源）,haveenoughmargintoensurethesafeoperation.Theexcitationrectifier（励磁整流柜）isofthree-phasefullwave（全波）silicon（硅）uncontrolled（不可控的）type,equippedwithfuseandovervoltageprotectionaswell.Themodularstructureoftherectifierandthefuseisconvenientformaintenance.旋转二极管、触发回路、功放回路、稳压电源登重要部件，都有足够的裕度来保证安全运行。励磁整流柜采用三相全波不可控整流，有熔断器及过电压保护。整流元件、熔断器等为组合结构，维修相当方便。•Theratedcapacity（额定容量）is667MVA;theratedvoltage（额定电压）,20kV;thefrequency,50Hz;thepowerfactor（功率因数）,0.9;thespeed,3000r/min;star-star（Y-Y连接）connection;andtheshort-circuitratiois0.54.发电机额定容量667MVA，额定电压20kV，频率50Hz，功率因数0.9，额定转速3000r/min，Y-Y连接方式，短路比0.54。•Introductionofthestationserviceelectricalsystem.（厂用电系统）介绍厂用电系统•Motor-drivenfeedwaterpumps,boosterpumps（前置泵）,condensatepumps,circulatingwaterpumps（循环水泵）,slurrypumps（灰浆泵）,induceddraftfans,forceddraftfans,primaryairfans,coalmillsandbeltconveyors（皮带输送机）alluseasynchronousmotorsproducedbytheNortheastChinaElectricMotorFactor.•锅炉电动给水泵、前置泵、凝结水泵、循环水泵、灰浆泵、引风机、送风机、一次风机、磨媒机、皮带运输机均使用异步电动机，有东北电机厂制造•10kVand380Vbusesandusedinthestationelectricalsystem.The10kVsystemisoftwobusbarsoperationwithtwoseparatepowersources.Oneisfromtheoutgoingisolatedphasebus（分相封闭式母线）ofthegeneratorprovidingenergythroughtwohighvoltagestationtransformers;theotherisform220kVbusbarprovidingenergythroughhighvoltagestandbytransformers.The380Vsystemisalsooftwobusbarsoperation.厂用电分为10kV和380V系统。10kV母线分两段，分别由两路电源供电：其中一路来自发电机出口分相封闭母线，经两台高压厂用变压器供电；另一路来自220kV母线，经高压厂用备用变压器供电。380V母线也分两段。•Inaddition,adiesel-enginegenerator(柴油发电机）isinstalledfortheemergency（紧急情况）powersupplyofthesecurity（安全性）busbar.Theilluminationsystemissuppliedbyathree-phaseresin-insulateddrytypetransformerthrough10kVbusbar1st.AndtheemergencylightingsystemispoweredbyDCsource.TheDCsystem（直流系统）hastwovoltagelevelsof220Vand110V,the220Visforswitchingpower（合闸电源）supply,andthe110Visforcontrolpowersupply.Thestoragecell（蓄电池）isofvalveregulatedsealedlead-acidbattery（铅酸蓄电池组）.TheUPS(uninterruptedpowersupply)（不停电电源）suppliesthecomputersystem,theunitcontrolsystem,theaccidentssequentialrecording（事故动作顺序记录）,thealarmwindowsandtheinstrumentsystem,etc.•另外，保安段由柴油发电机作应急电源。照明系统由10kV一段通过三相树脂绝缘干式变压器供电。事故照明由直流系统供电。直流系统分为220V和110V，220V为合闸电源，110V为控制电源。蓄电池采用阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池组。不停电电源由UPS供电，其供电负荷包括计算机系统、机炉控制系统、事故动作顺序记录、光字牌及仪表系统等Probation（见习）intheSubstation变电站见习•IntroductionofthePowerSupplySystem（电力系统）介绍供电系统•Theelectricpowernetwork（电力网络）iscomposedofenergytransformation,transmissionanddistributionsystem,suchtransformerandtransmissionlines（输电线）,etc.电力网络由变压器、输电线等变换、输送、分配电能的设备所组成。•Normally,thedistributionsystem(配电网）consistsofseveralrelativelydependentnon-crossnon-overlapped（不相重叠的）regional（地域性的）powergrids.Thelowvoltage,380V,powergridisofradiatingconnectiontypeandarborization（树枝状的）rungrid.配电系统正常方式下由若干相对独立的、供电范围不交叉重叠的片状分区网组成。低压380V配电网采用放射式接线、树枝形布线网络•Whenwemakethelayoutdesignofthe500kV,besidesthewholethingsthatshouldbetakenintoaccountinthe220kVsubstation,wealsofocusonthefactorssuchasnoise,wirelessinterference(无线电干扰）,staticinduction（静电感应）,etc.Inaddition,nomatteronthee