初中英语句法

初中英语句法讲解与练习句法句子的种类（用途上分）句子的类型（结构上分）句子的成分句子的特殊句型(therebe--)•一、句子的种类:•1.陈述句2.疑问句•3.感叹句•4.祈使句肯定句：Hedoeshishomework.否定句：Hehishomework.一般问句：yourbrother(have)longhair?特殊问句：Whatyourbrother(do)？反义问句：He’sneverbeenthere,?选择问句:Didyougoshoppingfishing?beautifulgirlsheis!beautifulflowerstheseare!beautifultheseare!Becareful!Don’tbelateforclass!Listen!(notlook)atmelikethat!Letusgohome,?Let’sgohome,?•二、句子的类型：•1.简单句(五种基本句型)•A.S+Vi（主+谓）•B.S+V系+P（主+系+表）•C.S+Vt+O（主+谓+宾）•D.S+Vt+IO+DO（主+谓+间宾+直宾）•E.S+Vt+O+CO（主+谓+宾+宾补）•be,sonud,look,smell---•判断下列句子是五种句型哪一种？填序号。•（）1.Hermotherboughtherabeautifulschool•baglastweek.•（）2.Helookslikehisfatherverymuch.•（）3.Thebossmadetheworkersworkmore•hours.•（）4.Myfatherworkedinthefactorytwoyears•ago.•（）5.WearestudyingEnglishinthisclassroom.DBEAC2009—2014中招简单句真题链接简单句：62.（09）34.—YouhaveseenthefilmTheDeadReading,haven’tyou?—__.HowIwishtoseeitagain!A.No,whatapityB.No,Ihaven’tC.Yes,IlikeitD.Yes,it’sboring(10)无63.(11)34._____finedayitis!Let’sgoandflyakite.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa简单句：64.(12)34._____outyourlove.Theworldwillbecomeanicerplacetolivein.A:SpeakB:TospeakC:SpeakD:Speaking65.(13)34.Doyouwanttobehealthy?______.Smilingcanhelpyoustayhealthy.A.SmileB.SmilingC.TosmileD.Smiled2.并列句:and/but/or/then/so---1).Thinkitover,you’llfindtheway.2).Studyhard,you’llfallbehindothers.3).Hecanswimhecan’tskate.4).Iamateacheryouareastudent.5).Cindywasillyesterdayshedidn’tgotoschool.thenorbutandso•3.复合句•A.名词从句（主、宾、表、同）•B.副词从句（状语从句）•C.形容词从句（定语从句）•That陈述句.If/whether+一般问句.Wh--特殊问句.When/since时间状语从句.If/unless条件状语从句.Because原因状语从句.When/since时间状语从句.So–that目的状语从句.Than比较状语从句.Though让步状语从句.主（定从）系表（定从）主（定从）谓宾（定从）先行词+关系词+（定从）2009—2014中招状从真题链接1.（09）29.It’squitecommoninBritaintosay“Thankyou”tothedrivers__peoplegetoffthebus.A.afterB.sinceC.untilD.when2.(10)25it'sdifficulttomakeherdreamcometrue，shenevergivesupAThoughBUnlessCBecauseDIf3.(11)24.Youwon’tfeelhappyatschool______yougetonwellwithyourclassmates.A.thoughB.whenC.unlessD.because4.(12)31.Weshouldgivetheboyanotherchance______hehasmadesomemistakes.A.thoughB.whenC.unlessD.because(13)无5.(14)He’snotaperfectchild.Hesometimestalksback____hisparentstalkwithhim.A.ifB.beforeC.whenD.until()6.Thestudentswerewalkingonthestreettheysawacarhitthemanridingabike.A.whenB.WhileC.afterD.before()7.We’llgototheGreatWallittomorrow.A.if---rainsB.unless---rainsC.if---notrainD.BorC()8.hefailedtheexamhenevergaveup.A.Although,/B.Although,butC./,butD.Because,so2009—2014中招宾从和定从真题链接宾语从句：1.（09）35.—WhattimewillMrBrownbebacktoChina?—Sorry.Idon’tknow______.A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroadC.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad2.(10)35Someofmyfriendsareinterestedinscience，butnoneofthemcantell______.AwhenUFOswillappearnexttimeBwhydohorsesknowthewayCwherewasthiskindofplantfoundDhowdoelephantscommunicate宾语从句：3.(11)35.Ididn’tseeLauraatthepartylastnight.Doyouknow_______?A.whydidn’tshecomeB.whathappenedC.whenwouldshearriveD.whereshehasbeen4.(12)35.MypenpalfromAmericaiscomingtovisitme.I’mthinkingabout_____.A:whatpresentdidgiveherB:howIwillgiveherasurpriseC:wherewillwehaveabigmealD:whetherIplannedatripforher宾语从句：5.(13)35.---MissLee,Ididn’tcatchwhatyousaid.Couldyoutellme______again?---OK.A.whatshouldwetakeB.whereshallwemeetC.whenwewouldstartD.howwewillgetthere6.(14)—Excuse,canyoutellme____?—Sorry,Idon’t.Youcangototheinformationdesk.A.thatthereisatrainB.whenthetrainleavesC.whichtraincanItakeD.wheredoesthetraingo.定语从句：1.（09）31.It’stimetosaygoodbyetomyschool.I’llalwaysrememberthepeople__havehelpedme.A.whoB.whatC.whichD.where2.(10)33Friendsarethose__makeyousmile，alwaysopentheirheartstoyouandencourageyoutosucceedAwhichBwhatCwhomDwho3.(11)32.Tony,tellmetheresultofthediscussion______youhadwithyourdadyesterday.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.who定语从句：4.(12)33.Successwillbelongtothose______neversay“impossible”.A.whomB.whatC.whoD.which5.(13)32.Afriendissomeone______says,“What!Youtoo?IthoughtIwastheonlyone!”A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whose6.(14)“Underground”istheonlywordintheEnglishlanguage_____beginsandendswiththeletters“und”.A.whatB.thatC.whoD.whom句子的成分•【定】形/代/数/名/【定】形/代/数/名/•主名/代/数/不定/动名/短语/从句主名/代/数/不定/动名/短语/从句•【定】介短/不定/从句【定】介短/不定/从句•【状】副【状】副•谓动词（短语）系动词（短语）•【定】形/代/数/名/【定】形/代/数/名/•宾名/代/数/不定/动名/短语/从句表名/代/形/副/介/不定/分词/短语/从句•【补】形/名/副/短语/分词/不定式•【状】副/介词短语/不定式/分词/短语【状】副/介词短语/不定式/分词/短语•句子的特殊句型：•1.Therebe结构•2.Couldyoupleasedosth?•3.Wouldminddoingsth?•4.What/Howaboutdoingsth?•5.You’dbetterdosth.•6.It’s+adj+for/ofsb.Todosth.•7.Ittakessb.+时间+todosth.•()1.Theresomeoldpeopletakingawalkinthepark.•A.areB.isC.wasD.were•()2.Thereasportsmeetinginourschoolthedayaftertomorrow.•A.aregoingtobeB.willhave•C.isgoingtohaveD.willbe•()3.Theresomebreadandvegetalesonthedesk.•A.beB.isC.areD.were