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Module3MusicSectionⅢGrammar时间状语从句和过去完成时语法图解探究发现①Whenhewasveryyoung,Mozarthadalotofmusicaltalent.②Whilehewasstillateenager,hewasabigstar.③Ashegrewolder,hebegantogodeaf.④Bythetimehewas14,Mozarthadcomposedmanypiecesfortheharpsichord,pianoandviolin,aswellasfororchestras.⑤Aftertheyhadknowneachotherformanyyears,Beethovensaid,“Heisagoodcomposer,buthehastaughtmenothing.”⑥BeforetheyvisitedIndia,theyhadrecordedsevenalbums.[我的发现](1)以上所有例句中都包含一个时间状语从句。(2)例句④⑤⑥都包含了一般过去时或过去完成时。(3)例句①②中,when和while都表示“当……时候”,例句③中as表示“随着”。(4)例句④⑥中,bythetime和before引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句则用过去完成时。(5)例句⑤中,after引导时间状语从句,主句用一般过去时,从句用过去完成时。一、时间状语从句时间状语从句用来说明主句谓语动词发生的时间,由连词引导。本单元主要习when,while,as及bythetime引导的时间状语从句。1.when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用,主句和从句中的动作或状态可以同时发生,也可以先后发生。Whentheyheardthenews,theywereveryexcited.当他们听到这个消息时,非常激动。(hear是短暂性动词)WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.我住在那里时,星期天常到海滨去。(live是延续性动词)[名师点津](1)when还可作并列连词,意为“就在这个时候”。IwaswatchingTVwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.我正在看电视,这时突然有人敲门。(2)when还可译为“这时;就在那时”,常用于以下句型:①beabouttodo...when正要做……这时②bedoing...when正在做……这时③haddone...when刚做完……就2.while引导时间状语从句时,从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。While/Whenshewasreadinganovel,shecried.她看小说的时候哭了。Theyrushedinwhilewewerediscussingproblems.我们正在讨论问题时,他们冲了进来。[名师点津]while还可引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管”。另外,while还可用作并列连词,表示“然而”。While/Although/Thoughheisyoung,hehasbeentomanycountries.虽然他很小,但他去过很多国家。Somemenwererich,whileothersarepoor.一些人很富有,而其他人很贫穷。3.as引导时间状语从句时,常表示两个动作交替进行或同时发生,可译作“一边……一边……;随着”。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.他匆忙回家去,一边走一边回头望。Astimewenton,it’sgettingwarmerandwarmer.随着时间的推移,天越来越暖和了。4.bythetime引导时间状语从句时,一般情况下,如果从句用一般过去时,主句则用过去完成时;如果从句用一般现在时,主句则用将来完成时。BythetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadalreadygone.我到达火车站时,火车已经开走了。Bythetimeheretires,hewillhaveworkedfor35years.到退休时,他将工作满35。[即时演练1](1)选词填空:when,while,as,bythetime①WhenIwentintotheclassroom,hewasreading.②When/By_the_timeIarrived,thefilmhadalreadyended.③WhileIamwillingtohelp,Idonothavemuchtimetomorrow.④While/Whenshewasmakingacall,Ienteredherroom.⑤Asyougrowolder,you’llknowbetterandbetteraboutyourself.(2)完成句子①As_time_went_on(随着时间的推移),hissightbecameworseandworse.②Mywifekeptsilentwhile/when_I_was_working(当我工作的时候).③Thestudentstooknotesas_they_listened(一边听).④Iwas_about_to_go_to_bed_last_night(昨晚正要上床睡觉)whenIheardacryforhelp.⑤By_the_time_you_receive_the_letter(等你收到这封信的时候),Iwill_have_left(将已经离开)thecityformyhometown.二、过去完成时1.基本用法过去完成时的构成为“had+过去分词”。主要用法如下:(1)表示某一动作或存在的状态发生在过去某一时间或某一动作之前,即“过去的过去”。Bytheendoflastweek,theyhadfinishedthework.到上周末为止,他们已经完成了工作。WhenJackarrived,helearnedMaryhadbeenawayforalmostanhour.当杰克到时,他得知玛丽已经离开快一个小时了。[名师点津]过去完成时常常用在宾语从句中,从句谓语动作发生在主句谓语动作(过去时)之前。Shesaidthatshehadfinishedherhomework.她说她已完成家庭作业了。(2)某些动词的过去完成时表示过去未实现的希望、计划或打算。常用的动词有hope,expect,suppose,think,want,wish等。Theyhadwantedtohelpbutcouldn’tgethereintime.他们本来想要来帮忙的,但未能及时赶到这儿。IhadhopedtosendhimaChristmascard,butIforgottodoso.我本来想送他一张圣诞节贺卡,但把这事给忘了。2.过去完成时在几个重点句型中的应用(1)在nosooner...than,hardly...when句型中,主句用过去完成时,意为“一……就;刚……就”。Ihadhardlysteppedintotheclassroomwhenthebellrang.我一踏入教室的门,铃就响了。Nosoonerhadherushedoutthanthehousefelldown.他刚冲出去房子就塌了。(2)在itwasthefirsttimethat...句型中,that从句常用过去完成时。Itwasthefirsttimethathehadeverspokentomeinsuchatune.这是他第一次用这样的语调跟我讲话。3.过去完成时与一般过去时的区别一般过去时侧重发生在过去的客观事实;而过去完成时强调动作发生在“过去的过去”,一定有一个表示过去的参照点。Ihadbeenatthebusstopfor30minuteswhenabusfinallycame.当公交车最终来的时候,我已在车站等了三十分钟。Heonceworkedasateacherfor5years,butnowheisasuccessfulmanager.他曾经做过5教师,但现在他是一位成功的经理。[即时演练2](1)用所给词的适当形式填空①WhenIgottoschoolIfoundthatmyclassmatehad_left(leave).②HeisaprofessorofShandongUniversity.Hestayed(stay)inAmericafor4years.③Themansaidthathehad_written(write)about300piecesofmusic.④Ihad_intended(intend)tocallonyou,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.⑤Thethreeofustravelled(travel)aroundEuropeforaboutamonthlastsummer.(2)完成句子①Shesaidthatshehad_seen_the_film_before(以前看过这部电影).②Wehad_built_five_bridges(已经建了5座桥)bytheendoflastyear.③Itwasthethirdtimethathehad_been_out_of_work(失业)thatyear.④Wehad_hoped_that_you_would_come(本期望你会来),butyoudidn’t.⑤Hardlyhad_I_got_to_the_bus_stop(我到达汽车站)whenthebusstarted.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.While/Whenshewaspaintingapicture,theteachercamein.2.Tomwasabouttoclosethewindowswhenhisattentionwascaughtbyabird.3.Astimegoesby,hismusicisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.4.Ilikesingingwhileshelikesdancing.5.BythetimeIgethome,theywill_have_left(leave).6.Whentheygot(get)there,thefamoussingerhad_left(leave).7.Itwasthefirsttimethathehad_met(meet)sostrangeakindofcar.8.Thenewbridgehad_been_designed(design)bytheendoflastmonth.9.Ifoundthelecturehardtofollowbecauseithad_started(start)whenIarrived.10.Ourfriendshipdeveloped(develop)quicklyovertheweeksthatfollowed.Ⅱ.完成句子1.When_I_woke_up,_mymotherwaspreparingbreakfast.我醒来时,妈妈正在准备早饭。2.As_I_grow_older,_Igetmoreandmoreoptimistic.随着龄的增长,我变得越来越乐观。3.While/When_he_was_writing_the_letter,_thetelephonerang.当他正在写那封信时,电话响了。4.Thelovelygirllaughedas_she_spoke.这个可爱的女孩边谈边笑。5.While/Although/Though_the_Internet_is_of_great_help,_Idon’tthinkit’sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.尽管因特网有很大帮助,但我认为花太多的时间在上面不是好主意。6.LastSunday,Iwas_walking_in_the_street_whenIsuddenlysawanoldmanfall
本文标题:高中英语必修二全一册教案(36份)-外研版14
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