英语写作基础教程(第三版)Chapter-1

ABasicCourseinWriting英语写作基础教程贵州医科大学雷妍ChapteroneManuscriptFormandPunctuation(文稿格式和标点符号)一、ManuscriptForm1.Arrangement2.Worddivision3.Capitalization4.Handwriting一、ManuscriptForm1.Arrangement(1).twocentimetersatthetop(2).twocentimetersatthebottom(3).oneandahalfcentimetersontheleft(4).oneandahalfcentimetersontheright1.Arrangement一、ManuscriptForm一、ManuscriptForm1.Arrangement一、ManuscriptForm1.Arrangement(title)(5).Thetitleortopicshouldbeplacedinthemiddleofthefirstline.(6).Everywordofthetitle(includingwordsfollowinghyphensincompoundwords)shouldbecapitalized,exceptarticles,preposition,coordinatingconjunctionsandinfinitives.(7)Thefirstorlastwordofthetitleshouldbecapitalized.一、ManuscriptForm1.Arrangement(title)ExamplesMyImpressionsofBeijingTheWallBetweenWhereDoAlltheNewWordsComeFrom?WhatTraditionsMeantotheChineseAclean,Well-LightedPlaceDifferentViewsonJaneEyreInterpretationsofRobertFrost'sFireandIceTask1:Capitalizethefollowingtitles(p2)1.whereilived,andwhatilivedfor2.aretransgeniccropssafe?3.well-knowndramatistsofthemingdynasty4.adaytoremember5.approachestoteachingenglishasaforeignlanguage6.criticismsontheendingofmarktwain’sadventuresofhuckleberryfinn一、ManuscriptForm1.Arrangement(title)Answerstotask11.WhereILived,andWhatILivedFor2.AreTransgenicCropsSafe?3.Well-KnownDramatistsoftheMingDynasty4.ADaytoRemember5.ApproachestoTeachingEnglishasaForeignLanguage6.CriticismsontheEndingofMarkTwain’sAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn一、ManuscriptForm1.Arrangement(8).Thefirstlineofeveryparagraphshouldbeindented(startedafteraspaceoffourorfiveletters)(9).Arabicnumeralsaregenerallyusedforpaging.Theycanbeputeitherintheupperright-handcornerorinthemiddlebelowthelastlineofeverypage.1.Arrangement(10)attention:Neverbeginwithacomma(,),aperiod(.),acolon(:),aquestionmark(?),anexclamationmark(!)Neverendswith【“(-一、ManuscriptForm2.Worddivision(1).onesyllablecannotbedivided单音节(2).twoormoresyllables双/多音节astressedclosesyllableusuallytakesaconsonantwithitded∙i∙cate-leistreatedasasyllablepeo∙pleasinglelettercannotbeputattheendorbeginingofalinee∙voke,heart∙yTwo-letterendingshouldnotbeputarthebeginingofalinehand∙edhard∙en一、ManuscriptForm2.Worddivision(1).onesyllablecannotbedivided单音节(2).twoormoresyllables双/多音节divisionsthatmaymisleadthereadersshouldbeavoidedlay∙manwordswithhyphensshouldbedividedonlyatphensbroken-heartedtwo-syllablewordswithdoubleconsonantinthemiddleareasruledividedbetweenthetwoconsonantsstrug∙gledivisonsofpropernamesshouldbeavoided.Paris一、ManuscriptForm3.Capitalization(1).propernames(2).keywordsintitles(3).thefirstwordsofsentences一、ManuscriptForm4.Handwriting(1)littlespace(aboutoneletter)afteracomma,andaslightlybiggerspace(abouttwoletters)afterafullstop.(2)drawathinklinethroughawordtocrossoutit.(3)writeanaddedwordabovewithaclearsignshowingwhereitistobeinserted.一、ManuscriptForm二、PunctuationThecomma(,)Theperiod(.)Thedash/hyphen(-)Thesemicolon(;)Thecolon(:)Thequestionmark(?)Theexclamationmark(!)Quotationmark(“”)Parentheses/brackets(())Squarebrackets(【】)(1).Acommaisusedtojoinclauses.Itisputbeforetheconjunction(and,but,or,for,so,nor,yet)(2).Acommaisusedafteranadverbialclauseorphrase.(3).Commasareusedtoseparateaseriesofwordsorphraseswiththesamefunctioninthesentence.1.TheComma(,)二、Punctuation(4).NonrestrictiveclausesandphrasesareSetoffbycommas.(5).Commassetoffparentheticalelements.(6).Indates,acommaisusedtoseparatethedayandtheyeariftheorderismonth-day-year,nocommaneedbeusedIftheorderisday-month-year.(7).Numbers1,253,90053,807,214二、Punctuation1.TheComma(,)2.ThePeriod(.)(1).usedattheendofadeclarativesentence,amildlyimperativesentence,andanindirectquestion(2).AbbreviationsU.S.A.a.m.(3).Threespacedperiodsmaketheellipsismark二、Punctuation3.TheDash/Hyphen(-)(1).indicatesabreakinthoughtorachangeintone,oraspeaker'sconfusionorhesitatione.g.Manypeoplewentthere-didyougo?(2).indicatesanunfinishedorinterruptedstatemente.g.Heismakingpreparationsfor-Forgoingabroad?二、Punctuation3.TheDash/Hyphen(-)(3).apairofdashessetoffaparentheticalelemente.g.Allhisbelongings-afewarticlesofclothingandafewbooks-arehere.(4).introduceasummarizingclauseafteraseriesofnounse.g.Bob,Lily,Judy-noneofthemknowwhereheis.(5)usedlikequotationmarksinadialogue.(6)introducesubheadingandauthorsafterquotation二、PunctuationTask2:punctuatethefollowingpassages.(P6)1.mostamericanpeoplearefondofcatsandordogsitissaidthateveryyeartheyspendabout$5.4billionontheirpetsincluding$1.5billiononpetfoodfourtimestheamountofmoneytheyspendonbabyfoodnowthereareabout100milliondogsandcatsinthecountrythenumberisstillgoinguprapidlysince12500puppiesareborneveryhour二、Punctuation1.MostAmericanpeoplearefondofcatsand/ordogs.Itissaidthateveryyeartheyspendabout$5.4billionontheirpets,including$1.5billiononpetfood---fourtimestheamountofmoneytheyspendonbabyfood.Nowthereareabout100milliondogsandcatsinthecountry;thenumberisstillgoinguprapidlysince12500puppiesareborneveryhour.Answerstotask24.TheSemicolon(;)(1).betweentwocoordinateclauseswhicharenotlinkedbyaconjunction.(2).conjunctiveadverbs(3