中国京剧最全英语介绍2012.6.2

Sheng(生，Malerole)Dan(旦，Famalerole)Jing(净，Paintedfacemalerole)Chou(丑，Clownrole)ShenginChinesemaymeanstrangeorrare,butthechiefmaleroleisawellknowncharacter.老生武生小生Dan,whichmeansmorningormasculine,iscontrarytothefemininenatureofthecharacters.青衣刀马旦老旦花旦Jingmeansclean,butinfactthepaintingsontheirfacesmakethecharacterslookuncleanbutcolorful.正净副净武净ThefeatureofChoucharactersaresimilarwithclowninwesterndrama,theyareusuallyquickandtalkative.文丑武丑茶衣丑丑婆子褶子丑袍带丑Beijingoperatypesoffacialmakeupinoperas,isaspecialfeatureofanationalcosmetic.Aseachhistoricalfigureoracertaintypeofpersonhasanapproximatespectraltype,likesing,playmusictothemusic,socalled“typesoffacialmakeupinoperas”.Onthetypesoffacialmakeupinoperassources,thegeneralviewisfrommask.Redfaceshavepositivemeanings,symbolizingloyal,brave,faithful,andwisemen.suchasGuanYu.Black,usuallyhaveneutralmeanings,symbolizingjustbrave,criticized(刚烈)integrity(正直)andevenreckless(鲁莽),however,theycanalsorepresentuprightness.Yellowtypesoffacialmakeupinoperassymbolizeviciousbrutality,suchasDianWei.Blueorgreenhaveneutralmeaningsthatsymbolizetheheroofthebush,withtheformeralsohintingatstrengthandintrepidity.Whitefaceshavenegativemeaningsthatsymbolizetreacherous,insidious奸诈andcraftymen,suchasCaoCao.CaoCao曹操Purpleisapositivecolor,whichsignifieswisdomandbravery.Goldandsilverfacessymbolizemysteriousness,andstandformonstersorgods.梅兰芳程砚秋“TheDrunkenConcubine”“FAREWELLMYCONCUBINE”Thisastoryaboutsusan.MingDynasy,susanisaveryfamouscourtesan,sheisfallinlovewithwangJinglong.Butwhenwangrunoutofallhismoneyinbrothels,hehavetoleave.苏三起解Theinstrumentincludestwoparts:oneisWenchang(windinstrument),oneisWuchang(percussioninstrument)唆呐笙月琴三弦京二胡京胡板大锣单皮鼓小锣堂鼓TheclothesaremadeasthestyleofMingDynastyandalsorefereedtotheclothesofTang,Song,YuanandQingDynasties.Alltheclothesareinthesamestyleandthereisn'tanydifferenceaboutthedynasty,theareaortheseasons.蟒boa[´bəuə]PekingOperacostumes京剧服饰衣clothes帔shortembroideredcape[im´brэidəd]褶casualclothes靠armour[´a:mə]蟒boaCharacter:Nobledress帝王将相等穿的衣服Withadragonorpython[´paiθən]有龙纹或蟒纹蟒boaFourdifferenttypes四种不同的类型帔shortembroideredcapeCharacter:aseam(缝隙)inchest（对襟长袍)withwidesleeves(袖子)黄帔帔shortembroideredcape红对帔Capeofthechild对儿帔Thesamecolourandtexture相同的颜色和纹理靠armourcharacter:Usuallygeneralsdress通常是将军穿的Roundneck,tightcuffs圆领、紧袖口Mainpattern:fishscale-shaped(鱼鳞纹)T-shaped(丁字纹)Extremeexaggerationanddistortion极度夸张与变形Mostwithaflag大多数有靠旗褶casualclothescharacter:Inclinedcollarandlonggown斜领长衫Usuallydressbycommonpeople普通老百姓穿的衣服Simpleandversatilestyleclothing造型简单的多功能服饰衣clothesTheremaining除了上面四种以外的衣服Allkindsofstyle各种各样的类型上页下页象形衣红囚衣MonkeykingSusanwearingareddresssheissprisonerKeywordsClown[klaun]丑角，小丑Masculine男性的，阳刚的Feminine['fɛmənɪn]女性的，阴性的Spectral['spɛktrəl]鬼怪的Cross-dressing反串Uprightness['ʌp,raɪtnɪs]正直nIntrepidity[,ɪntrə'pɪdətɪ]n勇猛Hinting暗示treacherous[‘trɛtʃərəs]不忠的NOTLOYALtroupe：[trup]戏班子Percussion[pɚ'kʌʃən打击乐器Penultimate[pɪ'nʌltəmɪt]倒数第二tyrant['taɪrənt]暴君warlord军阀Merciless['mɝsɪlɪs]冷酷无情的martial：['mɑ:ʃəl]军事的benevolence：[bə'nɛvələns]仁慈bureaucracy：[bju'rɑkrəsɪ]官僚政治folklore['fəuklɔ:]民间传说