中考英语语法第17讲课件--行为动词与系动词 育英科技 王衡老师 中考英语四轮复习法

动词动词的分类行为动词（及物与不及物；瞬间与持续；双宾语动词）系动词动词的时态、语态、语气动词的典型题目（附：不规则动词表）行为动词系动词助动词情态动词独立做谓语不独立做谓语及物动词vt与不及物动词vi瞬间动词与延续行动词双宾语动词重点在记忆、表语两个问题时态语态语气主+v原/vs主+is/are过去分词主+过去式/were主+过去式主+was/were过去分词主+had过去分词主+am/is/are+ving主+is/arebeing过去分词主+was/were+ving主+was/werebeing过去分词主+will+v原主+willbe过去分词主+过去式/would+v原主+would+v原主+wouldbe过去分词主+have+分词主+havebeen过去分词主+had+分词主+hadbeen过去分词及物动词vt不及物动词vi纯及物纯不及物什么是有哪些1、不能单独结尾。2、其后不能用介词IreachKF(对)Ireached(错)1、能单独结尾。2、其后必须用介词Iarrived(对)Iarrivedat(错)IarrivedinKF(对)最常考:see;hear;serve;reach;raise其他详见下篇最常考:look;listen;arrive;rise其他详见下篇Vi=vt的动词1.everybody,ourgamebegins.2.letusbeginourgameVi、vt意思不同wesawthemountainwhenthecloudsliftedHeliftedhisglassanddrank一、纯及物动词：•buy,catch,invent,found,like,observe,offer,prevent,promise,raise,find,forget,receive,regard,see,say,seat,supply,select,suppose,show,make,take,tell二、纯不及物动词：•agree,go,work,listen,look,come,die,belong,fall,exist,rise,arrive,sit,sail,hurry,fail,succeed三、及物与不及物意思不一样1.beatvi.跳动vt.敲、打;2.growvi.生长vt.种植3.playvi.玩耍vt.打（牌、球）,演奏4.smellvi.发出（气味）vt.嗅5.ringvi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话6.speakvi.讲话vt.说（语言）7.hangvi.悬挂vt.绞死8.operatevi.动手术vt.操作9.Liftvi烟雾消散vt举起•1、以上两类动词都能用于现在完成时，表示动作到现在为止已结束，例如：HehasstudiedEnglishforthreeyears.•2、持续性动词在完成时中能与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，而瞬间性动词则不能。例如：Hisparentstalkedwiththeteacherforhalfanhour.•3、瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用•例如：Hehasbeeninthearmy/asoldierforhtreeyears.（他参军已有3年了。）不能用hasjoined•本章节详见第二讲---完成时章节•常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系如下：1、go——beaway2、come——behere3、comeback——beback4、leave——beaway（benothere）5、buy——have6、borrow——keep7、die——bedead8、begin——beon9、finish——beover10、open——beopen11、close——beclosed12、lose——belost13、gettoknow——know14、turnon——beon15、getup——beup16、sitdown——sit/beseated17、join——bein（…）或bea…member18、become——be配to的配for的bring,fetch,give,hand,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,post,promise,sell,send,show,take,teach,tell,throw,write动词后同时用人、物做宾语（注意人和物的不同位置）例:givemethebook=givethebooktomeask,buy,call,choose,cook,do,find,get,keep,leave,save•1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词•2）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand,•例如：Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他开会时总保持沉默。•Thismatterrestsamystery.此事仍是一个谜。•3）表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem,appear,look,•例如：Helookstired.他看起来很累。•Heseems(tobe)verysad.他看起来很伤心。•4）感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,•例如：Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.这种布手感很软。Thisflowersmellsverysweet.这朵花闻起来很香。•5）变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.•例如：Hebecamemadafterthat.自那之后，他疯了。•Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.她没多长时间就富了。•6）终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove,trunout,表达“证实”，“变成”之意，•例如：Therumorprovedfalse.这谣言证实有假。•Thesearchproveddifficult.搜查证实很难。•Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.他的计划终于成功了。（turnout表终止性结果）1.Beatbeatbeaten2.Becomebecamebecome3.Beginbeganbegun4.Bendbentbent5.Blowblewblown6.Breakbrokebroken7.Burnburntburnt8.Buildbuiltbuilt9.Bringbroughtbrought10.Buyboughtbought11.Catchcaughtcaught12.Choosechosechosen13.Comecamecome14.Costcostcost1.Cutcutcut2.Dodiddone3.Drawdrewdrawn4.Drinkdrankdrunk5.Drivedrovedriven6.Eatateeaten7.Fallfellfallen8.Feedfedfed9.Feelfeltfelt10.Findfoundfound11.Fitfitfit12.Flyflewflown13.Forgetforgotforgotten14.Getgotgot1.Givegavegiven2.Gowentgone3.Growgrewgrown4.Havehadhad5.Hearheardheard6.Hidehidhidden7.Hithithit8.Holdheldheld9.Hurthurthurt10.Keepkeptkept11.Knowknewknown12.Leadledled13.Leaveleftleft14.Lendlentlent1.Letletlet2.Lielaylain3.Lightlitlit4.Loselostlost5.Makemademade6.Meetmetmet7.Paypaidpaid8.Putputput9.Readreadread10.Rideroderidden11.Ringrangrung12.Riseroserisen13.Runranrun14.Saysaidsaid1.Seesawseen2.Sellsoldsold3.Sendsentsent4.Setsetset5.Shallshouldshould6.Shineshoneshone7.Showshowedshown8.Shutshutshut9.Singsangsung10.Sitsatsat11.Sleepsleptslept12.Smellsmeltsmelt13.Speakspokespoken14.Spendspentspent1.Spillspiltspilt溅2.Spitspatspat3.Spoilspoiltspoilt4.Standstoodstood5.Sweepsweptswept6.Swimswamswum7.Taketooktaken8.Teachtaughttaught9.Telltoldtold10.Thinkthoughtthought11.Throwthrewthrown12.Understandunderstood..13.Wakewokewoken14.Winwonwon15.Writewrotewritten•八、动词（情态动词、不定式、时态等）•（）1.Thelifewewereusedto__________greatlysince2000.•A.changeB.haschanged•C.changingD.havechanged•（）2.–Sorry,Mr.Green.I_______myEnglishbookathome.•-That’sOK,butdon’tforgetnexttime.•A.forgotB.forget•C.leftD.kept•（）3．I’msurehe______abletofinishthisjob．•A．beB．is•C．areD．can•（）4．--Dad．wecan_______sportsinschoolonehouraday.--Really?It’ssogood．•A．todoB．does•C．doD．doing•（）5.一_______!Someoneissingingupstairs．ItmustbeMaria.•—Itcan’tbeher．Isawherout．•A．LookB．Say•C．ListenD．ComeBCBCA•（）6．--Linda，Iamverythirsty.•--Let’sgotothenearestsupermarket_______somedrink,OK?•A．buyB．bought•C.tobuyD.buying•（）7．Myauntisn’there．She_____Shanghaionbusiness．Shewillbebackinthreedays．•A．wentB．hasgoneto•C．hasbeentoD．willgoto•（）8．---Dinnerisready.Helpyourself!•---Wow!It______delicious．Couldyoupleasetellmehowtocookit?•A．tastesB．looks•C．soundsD.feels•（）9．---TheTVshowHomewithKidsissowonderful．Youshouldn’tmissit.•---IfIhavetime．I_______it.•A．seeB．saw•C．willseeD．haveseen•（）10.---Whatahardlifemyparentslive!•---Sodomyparents．WhenIgrowup，I______tomakethemlivemorehappily.•A．tryB．tried•C．willtryD．havetried