大学英语4听说教程口语考试

1、FriendApersoncanhavemanyfriendsbutonlyoneortwobosomfriends.Weregardsomeofourfriendsasourintimatefriends,andothersasordinaryfriends.Thosewhoareunfaithfultouscan’tbecalledourfriends.Agoodfriendisarealfriend,andarealfriendisafriendforlife.Afriendis,asitwere,asecondself.First,afriendisonewhomyoucancounton,trustandtalkto.Second,afriendissomeonewhowilllistentoyouwhenyoutalkaboutyourproblemsorbeforewhomyoumaythinkaloud.Whatismore,afriendisapersonwhowillhelpyouifyouareintrouble.Justasthesayinggoes:Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.Friendshipinvolvesaffectionandintimacy.Friendshipisbasedonwarmth,trustandsharedexperience.Truefriendshipisaplantofslowgrowth,thevalueofwhichcanstandthetestoftime.Truefriendshipislikehealth,thevalueofwhichisseldomknownuntilitislost.Lifewithoutfriendsislikelifeonadesertisland,andlifewithoutfriendshipisnotworthliving.Sharingjoyandsorrowisthewaytoshowyourdeepfriendship.Ifyoutellyourjoytoyourfriend,yourjoywilldouble.Andifyoupouryoursorrowtoyourfriend,yoursorrowwillbereducedbyhalf.一个人可以有很多朋友,但只有一个或两个知心朋友。我们把我们的一些朋友,我们亲密的朋友,和其他的普通朋友。那些不忠实于我们不能称为我们的朋友。好朋友是一个真正的朋友,一个真正的朋友是一个终身的朋友。可以说,朋友是另一个自我。首先,一个朋友是一个可以依靠的人,信任和交谈。其次,朋友是那种会听你当你谈论你自己的问题,你可能会认为大声面前。更重要的是,一个朋友是一个人能帮你,如果你有了麻烦。正如俗话说的好:患难朋友才是真正的朋友。友谊需要感情和亲密。友谊是基于温暖、信任和共同的经验。真正的友谊像是生长缓慢的植物,它的价值就能经得起时间的考验。真正的友谊就像健康一样,它的价值是.如果你把你的悲伤,你的朋友,你的悲伤会减半。2DealingwithculturaldifferencesPeoplefromdifferentcountriesspeakdifferentlanguages,keepdifferentvaluesystems,andhavedifferentwaysoflookingatthings.Thesedifferencesaregenerallycalledculturaldifferences.Culturaldifferencesaresubtleandareoftenunrecognizedoroverlooked.Itisupsettingtofindpeoplewhobehavedifferentlyfromus.Wemay,atfirst,assumethatsomethingiswrongwiththem..Culturalbackgroundsmayinfluencepeople’swayofthinking.First,culturalbackgroundinfluenceswhatpeopleconsidertobegoodmannersorbadmanners.Second,itinfluenceswhattheyconsidertobepoliteorrude.Third,itinfluenceswhattheyconsidertobeontimeorlate.Failuretorecognizeculturaldifferencesmaycausemanyproblems.Ontheonehand,thosewhoareuninformedaboutculturaldifferencesmayhavedifficultycommunicatingwiththeirbusinessassociatesfromothercultures.Ontheotherhand,inabilitytorecognizeculturaldifferencescanmakemutualunderstandingdifficult.Therearemanywaystodealwithculturaldifferences.First,wecanavoidunintentionallyoffendingothersbylearningthebasiccharacteristicsofothercultures.Forinstance,wemayaskourforeignfriendsabouttheireverydaycustomsortaketimetoexplaincertaincommoncustomsofourownculturetothem.来自不同国家的人们说不同的语言,保持不同的价值体系,和有不同的方式来看待事物。这些差异一般称为文化差异。文化差异是微妙的,往往无法识别或忽视。它让寻找那些表现不同于我们。我们可能,首先,假设有些不对劲。文化背景可能会影响人们的思考方式。首先,文化背景影响人们认为是礼貌或不礼貌。第二,它的影响,他们认为什么是礼貌或粗鲁的。第三,这影响了他们认为是在时间或延迟。未能认识到文化差异会引起很多问题。一方面,那些一无所知的文化差异可能与他们的业务沟通有困难.首先,我们可以避免无意得罪他人通过学习其他文化的基本特征。例如,我们可能会问我们的外国朋友谈论他们的日常习俗或花时间来解释某些常见的海关对他们我们自己的文化。3oneworldInasense,theworldisaverycomplicatednetwork,inwhich,peopleoftheworldareonebigfamily.Theworldinwhichwelivegivesbirthtothehumanrace.Fortogetherweexist,andtogetherwetrytomaketheworldbetterforall.Althoughpeopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferenttraditions,theyareessentiallythesameeverywhere.Theywillgothroughthesamelifestagesintheirlife,babyhood,childhood,adolescence,youth,middleageandseniorage.Allhumanbeingshavethebasicneedstoeat,tohaveshelterandclothing,andtowork.Theyalsoneedtoloveothersandbeloved.TheyallseemtocelebratecertaindayssuchasNewYear’sDay,Mother’sDay,Children’sDay,etc.Admittedlytherearedifferencesamongpeoplefromdifferentcultures.Withtherapiddevelopmentoftransportationmeansandtheinformationtechnologytheworldisgettingsmallerandsmaller.Contactsbetweenculturesgivegreataccesstopromotethemutualunderstandingamongpeoplesoftheworld.从某种意义上说,世界是一个非常复杂的网络,在其中,人们的世界是一个大家庭。我们生活于其中的世界生下了人类。对于我们一起存在,和我们一起试着让世界更好的为人们所有。尽管人们在不同的国家有不同的传统,从本质上说,他们是任何地方都相同。他们也会经历同样的生命阶段,在他们的生活、婴儿期、儿童期、青少年期、青年、中年和高级的年龄。所有人类都有基本的需要吃饭,有衣服和住所,和工作。他们也需要爱别人和被爱。他们似乎都庆祝某些天如元旦,母亲节儿童节等。诚然有差异来自不同文化背景的人。与运输方式的迅速发展和信息技术的世界正变得越来越小5memoryMemorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeepinformationavailableforlateruseortheprocessbywhichpeoplestoreandretrieveinformation.Thereare2kindsofmemory,Short-termmemoryandlong-termmemory.Ashort-termmemoryistemporary,asitisstoredforaveryshorttimeinthebrain.Long-termmemoryreferstothestoringofinformationforalongerperiodoftime.Somepeoplegetphotographicmemorybutothershaveamemorylikeasieve.Peoplemayholdtheopinionthatagoodmemoryissomethingyouwerebornwith.ButIthinkitinadifferentway.Whetheryoucanrememberthingswellornotdependsonthewayyoutrytorememberthemandhowoftenyourecallthem.Don'ttrytomemorizeallthefacts,butfocusyourattentiononwhatyouconsidermoreimportant.Memoryislikeamuscle,whichisbuiltupbyfrequentuse.Thatistosay,themoreitisused,thebetteritgets;Themoreitisneglected,theworseitgets.Therearemanythingsyoucandotohelpyourecallpastevents,suchaskeepingadiary,buyingpostcards,takingphotosandmakingvideofilms.记忆可以被定义为能力保持可用的信息,供以后使用或过程,人们通过它可以存储和检索信息。有两种记忆,短时记忆和长时记忆。短期记忆是暂时的,因为它存储在一个很短的时间在大脑。长期记忆指的是存储的信息更长的一段时间。有些人变得摄影的内存,但其他人有像筛子一样的记忆力。人们可能认为一个良好的记忆力是你与生俱来的东西。但我认为它以一种不同的方式。你是否记得事情取决于你试图记住他们,你经常回忆起它们。不要试图记住所有的事实,但你把注意力放在你认为