新概念英语第一册-第121-130

Lesson121•过去完成时：（过去的过去）•构成：had+过去分词。•过去完成时主要用于表示两个事件中一个发生在前，或者说是表示较早的过去。when、after、before等也常与过去完成时连用，以强调事件发生的先后次序。Grammars•Shewentonholidayaftershehadtakentheexam.•Afterhehadcamehome,hewentbacktowork.•Wehadhaddinnerbeforetheyarrived.•Thepatienthaddiedwhenthedoctorarrived.•WhenIarrivedatthetrainstation,thetrainhadalreadygone.•两个事件都发生在过去，如果哪个在前发生用过去完成时表示，哪个在后用一般过去时表示本课当中出现before和after引导的时间状语从句before+一般过去时，主句用过去完成时e.g.ThefilmhadalreadybegunbeforeIcameback.after+过去完成时，主句用一般过去时e.g.Helefttheroomafterhehadturnedoffthelight.总结：过去完成时态1.过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成。即发生在“过去的过去”。2.过去完成时常用by，before等引导的介词短语或壮语从句来表示，可以是用when，before，after等引导的时间状语从句。3.过去完成时的构成:主语+had+p.p.（过去分词）nowABtomorrowyesterdayLet’slearnturnedoffthelightwenttobedafterShewenttobedaftersheturnedoffthelight.hadSheboughtsomefood.Shecookedthefood.Shecookedthefoodaftershehadboughtsomefood.afterranawayarrivedbeforeBeforethepolicemanarrived,thethiefrunaway.hadSheatedinner_____shewashedherhands.______sheatedinner,shewashedherhands.afterbeforeafterBeforehadhadHearrivedatthestation.Thetrainleft.Sherantotheplatform.Beforehe_______atthestation,thetrain_______.Whenshe____totheplatform,thetrain________.arrivedhadleftranhadleftTheymadethecakes.Theyatethem.Aftertheyhadmadethecakes,theyatethem.Theyhadmadethecakesbeforetheyatethem.Hepaintedthehouse.Hemovedin.Hehadpaintedthehousebeforehemovedin.Hemovedinthehouseafterhehadpaintedit.用动词的适当形式填空1.Iaskedthepriceofthecar,butthey_________(sell)it.2.She___________(clean)theroombeforeshewentout.3.We__________(have)dinnerbeforetheyarrived.4.Shewentonholidayaftershe__________(take)theexam.5.Hewenthomeafterhe__________(see)thefilm.6.Aftershe__________(make)thedumplings,weatethem.7.Bythetimeoflastterm,theboy___________(learn)2000words.8.She________(be)tomanycitiesbythetimeshewasten.hadsoldhadcleanedhadhadhadtakenhadseenhadmadehadlearnedhadbeenKeywords＆expressions•customern.顾客•forgetv.忘记•managern.经理•servev.照应，服务，接待•countern.柜台•recognizev.认出Keywords＆expressions1.Customer['kʌstəmə]n.顾客•custom风俗•customs海关•有顾客customer的地方,肯定就有shopassistant/waiter/waitress•guest旅馆的旅客•passenger乘客•aregularcustomer老顾客•顾客至上Customerisgod.Keywords＆expressions2.forget[fə‘get]v.忘记(forgot/forgotten)•forgettodo忘记要做…•forgetdoingsth忘记已经做过…•大家感受一下这两个句子：•①Iforgettosendanemailtohim.(忘记要发邮件，邮件还没发)•②Iforgetsendinganemailtohim.（忘记已经发过了，邮件已经发出了）•反义词rememberKeywords＆expressions3.manager['mænidʒə]n.经理•salesmanager销售经理•GeneralManager总经理•Heisourmanager.•manage['mænidʒ]v.管理•manageacompany经营公司阿里巴巴雅虎中国马云搜狐张朝阳微软盛大唐骏谷歌李开复腾讯QQ之父马化腾Keywords＆expressions4．serve[sə:v]v.•（1）服务；接待；侍候：•Areyoubeingserved,sir?先生，有人为您服务吗？•（2）供给；摆出（食物或饮料等）：•Whattimeisbreakfastservedinthishotel?•这个饭店里什么时候供给早餐？•（3）为……服务•Theoldcookhasservedthefamilyfor30years.•这位老厨师已为这家干了30年了。service['sə:vis]n.•那家餐馆的服务很差。Theserviceinthatrestaurantispoor.•achargeforservice服务费Keywords＆expressions5.counter['kauntə]n.柜台•atthejewelrycounter•checkoutcounter在珠宝部付帐柜台Keywords＆expressions6．recognize['rekəɡnaiz]v.•（1）认出；熟悉：Irecognizehimnow.我现在认出他来了。•（2）承认；确认：他不承认自己犯下了大错。Hedidn’trecognizethathehadmadeabigmistake.⑵⑴⑶⑷⑸Languagepoints1.Iboughttwoexpensivedictionariesherehalfanhourago,butIforgottotakethemwithme.•takesthwithsb把某物带走我去那个村庄的时候我随身带了一些药。ItooksomemedicinewithmewhenIwenttothevillage.•takesbsth=takesthtosb把某物拿去给某人I’lltakesomepresentstomyfriendsinBeijing.=I’lltakemyfriendsinBeijingsomepresents.dictionarylaterLanguagepoints2.Whoservedyou,sir?Theladywhoisstandingbehindthecounter.•served是serve的过去式，“服务”我会全心全意为人民服务的。I’llservethepeoplewithheartandsoul.•定语从句Languagepoints3.Whichbooksdidyoubuy?Thebookswhichareonthecounter.•which指在一定范围内的哪个（些）•which既可用来指人，又可用来指物•定语从句哦~~~~Languagepoints4.Didyouservethisgentlemanhalfanhourago,Caroline?Hesayshe’sthemanwhoboughtthesebooks.间接引语定语从句Languagepoints5.Ican’tremember.ThemanwhoIservedwaswearingahat.•wear穿（表示状态）•puton穿上(强调动作)定语从句是吗？Languagepoints6.Haveyougotahat,sir?Yes,Ihave.Wouldyouputiton,please?Allright.•Wouldyou…?请你…好吗？•Allright=OK.表示“好吧，行”也可表示（身体）好，无恙•That’sallright.表示“没有关系”，用于回答sorry.•That’sall.表示“就这些了”。•That’sright.表示“对了，说得对”。doyouhaveahat•CUSTOMER:Iboughttwoexpensivedictionariesherehalfandhourago,butIforgottotakethemwithme.•MANAGER:Whoservedyou,sir?•CUSTOMER:Theladywhoisstandingbehindthecounter.•MANAGER:Whichbooksdidyoubuy?•CUSTOMER:Thebookswhichareonthecounter.•MANAGER:Didyouservethisgentlemanhalfanhourago,Caroline?Hesayshe'sthemanwhoboughtthesebooks.•CAROLINE:Ican'tremember.•ThemanwhoIservedwaswearingahat.•MANAGER:Haveyougotahat,sir?•CUSTOMER:Yes,Ihave.•MANAGER:Wouldyouputiton,please?•CUSTOMER:Allright.•MANAGER:Isthisthemanthatyouserved,Caroline?•CAROLINE:Yes.Irecognizehimnow.•定义：在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句。•被定语从句修饰的名词或代词是先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。•定语从句要由关联词：关系代词who,whom,that，which或关系副词when,where等引导。Thestudentwhoansweredthequestionwaspeter.回答问题的那个学生叫Peter.GrammarsHowisitformed?被修饰的名词、代词叫做先行词，定语从句常跟在先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。Theladywhoisstandingbehindthecounter.Whyisitusedinthesentence?Theladyservedme.Sheisstandingbehindthecounter.Theladywhoisstandingbehindthecounterservedme.站在柜台后的那位女士接待我的。antecedent先行词•被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称