外研版八年级英语上册M9-m10知识点

Module9知识汇总一、短语总结closedownsomany/muchnotonlyinthefuturepayforIcan’tbelieveitonefifthnoroommoreandmoreattheendoftalkaboutpopulationincreaselocalschooltoomuchrubbishsuchasforexamplemorethan7billionhaveachancetodosth=haveachanceofdoingsthget/buysthforsbtalkabout谈论关于asaresult结果；因此同义短语：infact=actually=asamatteroffact事实上，实际上allovertheworld=aroundtheworld遍及全世界closeto靠近，临近inthepast在过去morethan=over多于，超过makenotes=takenoteshangonaminute=waitaminuteprepare…for=getreadyfornot…anymore=not…anylonger不再二、知识点：1.alarge/smallpopulation人口众多/人口众少eg.Chinahasa_____population.thepopulationof…的人口ThepopulationofIndiaisthanofAmerica.A.larger,thatB.more,thatC.larger,onesD.smaller,those中国有13亿人口。2.toomuch太多（修饰不可数名词）toomany太多（修饰可数名词复数）eg.too_____bookstoo____watermuchtoo太…；非常…eg.Thenotebookismuchtooexpensive这本笔记本太昂贵了。Drinkingcolaisbadforyourhealth.WatchingTVisbadforyoureyes.It’scoldinthenorthofChina.peoplelosttheirhouseintheearthquakelastyear.Thiskindofcarisdear,Idon’thavemoney.3.onefifth五分之一twofifths五分之二eg.Onefifthofthestudentslikeclimbingamountain.五分之一的学生喜欢爬山.4.writedown记下，写下Writedownthenotes.写下笔记。takenotes做笔记5.inthefuture在将来（较远的将来一段时间）infuture今后，以后=fromnowon（离现在较近的一段时间）Whoknowswhatwillhappen________?谁知道将来会发生什么事？You’dbetternotgooutalone_______.今后你最好别单独外出。6.moreandmore越来越……moreandmorefamous越来越出名7.morethan=over多于，超过反义lessthan少于eg.ThereareoveronebillionpeopleinChina.=Thereare_____onebillionpeopleinChina.=ThepopulationofChinahas_____onebillion.8.payfor为……付钱（人作主语）Shepaysforthecar.9.howmany多少（后面加可数名词复数）howmuch多少（后面加不可数名词）eg.How_____booksdoyouhave?How____milkarethereinthebottle?19.thatis就是说；换言之；即20.suchas比如，例如（后面可以举多个例子）forexample例如（后面只能举一个例子，也可以是一个句子）10.prepare…for…为……准备……eg.Mymumispreparingdinnerforus.我妈妈正在为我们准备晚餐。preparefor为……做准备Bettyispreparingforthefinalexam.贝蒂在为期末考试做准备。preparetodosth.准备做某事Iprepare_____(go)climbingafterschool.下课后我准备去爬山。not…anymore=not…anylonger不再二、语法学习——冠词不定冠词的用法不定冠词有两个：a和ana用在以辅音音素开头的名词前，如abook。an用在以元音音素开头的名词前，如anegg。1.第一次提到某人或某物而非特指时。AteacherfromAmericawillteachusEnglish.一位来自美国的老师将教我们英语。2.表示数量“一”，但数的概念没有one强。Beijingisahugecitywithalargepopulation.北京市一个人口众多的大城市。3.泛指人或事物的类别。Lilyisastudent.莉莉是一名学生。4.表示“每一”，相当于every.Youshouldtakethemedicinethreetimesaday.你应该每天服三次药。5.用于某些固定词组中。afew,alittle,alotof,haveagoodtime,makeanoise定冠词the的用法1.特指某人或某物Thestudentsinourschoolallstudyveryhard.2.指双方都知道的人或物。Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?你觉得那部电影怎么样？3.用来指上下文提过的人或物。Iboughtabikeyesterday.Thebikeisred.4.用在表示方位的名词或世上独一无二的事物名词前。Ilikethepictureontheright.5.用在姓氏复数形式之前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇”。TheGreensarehavingdinner.6.用在序数词或形容词最高级之前。ThefirstmonthoftheyearisJanuary.7.用在形容词前，表示“一类人或物”。Therichshouldhelpthepoor.富人应该帮助穷人。8.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。theYellowRiver黄河theGreatWall长城9.用在乐器名词之前。playtheviolinSheisplayingthepiano.10.用在一些习惯用语中。intheevening,inthemorning,allthetime,attheageof,intheend零冠词的用法（即不用冠词）1.在专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词前一般不用冠词。Wecannotlivewithoutair.2.名词前已有作定语的指示代词、物主代词、不定代词和数词时不用冠词。Passmethatbook.Thisisourfirstlesson.3.复数名词指一类人或事物不用冠词。Theyareworkers.4.星期、月份、季节和节日名称前不用冠词。It’sSundaytoday.5.三餐、球类、学科名词之前不用冠词。Shehasdinnerathome.6.由介词by引出的交通工具名词前不用冠词。bybike,bycar,bytaxi,byplane,bytrain7.某些固定词组或习惯用语中不用冠词。atnight,athome,gotoschool,intime小试牛刀选择the,a,an,/填空。1.Helikesplaying_____guitarandhisbrotherlikesplaying_____football.2.Ihave____Englishdictionaryandithelpsmealot.3.____besttimetovisitNewEnglandinayearisin____September.4.____Brownswereplaying____tennis.5.Lilyis___amazingsingerandshehas___lotoffans.练习题1.Idon’tknowhow____(solve)thedifficultproblem.2.That’salmost_________oftheworld’spopulation.那几乎是世界人口的五分之一。3.__________aminute!I’ll____that____too.稍等！我也要把它记下来。4.Areyougettingreadyfortheexams？（同义句）Areyou____________theexams?5.HowmanypeoplearethereinMaoming?(同义句)____________________________Maoming?四/语法填空。OneSundayafternoon,whenHenry(swim)inhisswimmingpool,hisfriendJackcametovisithim,“Woe,Henry,youhavechangedmuchthesedays.Youareasports-mannow!”SaidJack,“Well,Maybeinacoupleyears.”(answer)Henry.“Doyouswimeveryday?”AskedJack,“YouknowIgetfateasily.”Henryanswered.“Nowswimming(become)partofmydailylifealready.Itmakesmehappyand(keep)myselffit.“Soundgreat.I(start)swimmingtomorrow.Afterall,I’mtoofat.”SaidJack.三、作文练习随着社会的发展，我们的国家变得越来越强大了。但是大量的人口给社会带来了一系列的问题。根据以下表格提示，以Thepopulationproblem为题目写一篇不少于80词的短文。EnergyandwaterbeshortofTrafficplacesheavyPublicplacesmorecrowdedPlacestolivefewerJobsdifficulttofind______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________M10知识梳理Unit1一．短语总结quitealot________aswell__________comeon________oneday_________hadbetterdosth_________besafetodosth_________havetodosth____________inDecember__________inwinter__________getwarm__________二．同义短语aswell=too=also=aswellas___________comeon=be