从中英委婉语对比看中西方文化差异

20024()20021JOURNALOFGUANGXINORMALUNIVERSITY[]2002-02-02(,541004)[]当前我国英语学习的主要特点是过多强调英语语言点的学习,往往忽视语言交际能力的培养,和文化因素的融入。因此无法顺利进行跨文化交际。本文对中英委婉语作比较研究,探求中西方文化上的差异,以提高英语学习者的文化意识和跨文化交际能力,并试图为中西方文化融合寻找切入点。[]语言交际能力;跨文化交际;委婉语;中西方文化差异;文化意识;跨文化交际能力;中西方文化融合[]G04[]A[]1001-6597(2002)01-0178-05:,,,,,,,,,,(communicationbreakdown)(cultureshock),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,178:(Individu-alism),,,,,,;,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(Euphamism),speakwithgoodwords.,(wordsofgoodomen),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(culturalmodel)(culture-loadedmedium),,,,;(egoism),,,,,,,,(privacy),,,(),,(old),,,,Itsasecret.(),,,,,,,,,,,,179,,,,(M.Har-rington,TheOtherAmerica,1962),,adult,thirdage,goldenage,seniorcitizen,seasonedman,,:At68(20Celsius,heinsists),hishairhasthinned,hismiddlehasthickened,andthebassovoicehasgrownrheumy.(68(),,,),,,68,,:(68u-32)5/9=20,,:?,,,,,,,,,:,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:;,,,,,:tobeasleepintheArmsofGod(本义)安睡在上帝的怀抱中。tobeasleepinthevalley(本义)安睡在谷地中。其原文为:Yea,thoughIwalkthroughthevalleyofshadowofdeath….(我虽然行过死荫的幽谷……)(《新旧约全书》)tobecalledtoGod(本义)被召唤到上帝那里去。todeparttoGod(本义)去见上帝。togotoheaven(本义)去天国,或进天堂。togotomeetone’smaker(本义)去见上帝。,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,gotoseeConfucius(),,:gowestgohome180gotoonesownplacesleeponeslastsleep,,:lastvoyage()callallbetsoff(),,,,,,()?!.(TheSemi-DetachedHouse),delicatecondition(),outcome(,),pregnancy(),,,,,,awkward(),eatingfortwo(),haveoneontheway(),inafamilyway(,),OnceIworemyapronlow;NowIwearmyapronhigh.Love,ohlove,ohcarelesslove!Seewhatlovehasdonetome.以前我围裙系得低,如今我围裙系得高。哎,爱呀爱,粗心的爱,看你对我干的这事体!wearmyapronhigh.(),DINK(doubleincomes,nokids)(DINK,),,accident(),,,,(),,,,(),,amorousrites(),,,:actoflove()business()doit(),,,,,,,,,()WC()Saloon(),,181,;,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:watercloset(WC)bathroomrestroomloungeLadiesGentlemen,saloon,:payoranswerthecallofnature(应付自然本能的需要);powderone’snose(补妆,此语多指女子上厕所);washone’shands(洗洗手,此语为口语多用)What’sthegeographyofthehouse?(这屋子的房间布局是什么样子?)gotoNumberOneorNumberTwo(上一/二号)Whereistherestroom?(休息间在哪?)MayIpleasebeexcused?(失陪了)等等。,:,WC,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[][1],(,).[M].:,1988.[2].[A].[C].1990.[3].[A].:()[C].:,1988.[4].[M].:,1993.[5],.[A].[C].:,1997.[6].[J].,1996,(3).[7],.[J].,1991,(4).[责任编辑　阳　欣]182