Mayan-玛雅文明ppt

MAYANCIVILIZATION玛雅文明Presentby:吴泽敏史晓桐刘敏怡胡佳昕SomefilmsandtelevisionworksORIGIN玛雅起源TheMayacivilizationisaMesoamerican（中美洲），notedfortheonlyknownfullydevelopedwrittenlanguageofthepre-ColumbianAmericasaswellasitsart，architecture,mathematicalandastronomicalsystems.MayaHistoryInitiallyestablishedduringthepreclassicperiodmanyofthesereachedtheirapogee（顶点）ofdevelopmentduringtheclassicperiod，andcontinuedthroughoutthepostclassicperioduntilthearrivaloftheSpainish.Atitspeak，itwasoneofthemostdensely(密集地)populateddynamicsocietiesintheworld.MayaHistoryorigin玛雅起源•BriefIntroduction•GeographicalExtentWestbordersPacificOceanfertileplainYucatanPeninsulaCenotes(excavatedcaverns)forwaterineastRELIGION玛雅宗教啊religion玛雅宗教啊Religioninterwindsculturelife.宗教与文化生活息息相关。Thecapitalofacity-stateisalsothecenterofreligions.城邦的首都同样也是宗教的中心。Mayanhavegreatfaithinreligion.玛雅人对宗教的信仰坚定不移。Theyworshiphelios,raingod,godofdeath,godofgrain,Mars,godofcornetc.他们崇拜太阳神、雨神、五谷神、死神、战神、玉米神等。MYSTERYRELIC玛雅神秘文物Mysteryrelic玛雅神秘文物CrystalskullDeathmaskMysteryrelic玛雅神秘文物CHARACTERANDNUMBER玛雅文字＆数字character玛雅文字啊MayanglyphsFirstappearedCa.theChristianera800hieroglyphs\¼translatedMainlyrepresentdays,months,numbers,directions,colorsanddeities.Mostofthemrecordedonstonetablet石碑,plank木板,potteryandbooks。character玛雅文字啊Asetofsyllabicglyphs,eachchractercontainsfoursyllabaries.somewhatsimilarinfunctiontomodernJapanesewriting.Math玛雅数学•Mathbasedonmultiplesof20•0,1,2•5,6•10,11•15,16CALENDAR玛雅历法啊calendar玛雅历法啊ComplexcalendarsystemtheTzolkin卓金历260daysacycle太阴历6monthsacyclethelunarcalendar阴月历29or30daysacyclethesolarcalendar太阳历365daysacyclecalendar玛雅历法啊Amazing![地球年]Now365.2422days，Mayan365.2420days。[金星年]ThetimethatVenusturnaroundatthesun.Now584daysMayan583.92dayscalendar玛雅历法啊PrimarylifeButAccuratemath,astronomy,calendarMysterymeaning玛雅研究启示8世纪末-9世纪末玛雅文明毁灭：Mayacivilizationinthatregionhadcollapsed,theClassiccitiesinthesouthernlowlandswereabandoned原因不得而知众人观点：exhausttheenvironmentaroundthemthatitcouldnolongersustainaverylargepopulation.constantwarfareamongcompetingcity-statesledthecomplicatedmilitary,familyandtradealliancesbetweenthemtobreakdown,alongwiththetraditionalsystemofdynasticpower.Asthestatureoftheholylordsdiminished,theircomplextraditionsofritualsandceremoniesdissolvedintochaos.Finally,somecatastrophicenvironmentalchange–likeanextremelylong,intenseperiodofdrought–mayhavewipedouttheClassicMayacivilization.meaning玛雅研究启示overpopulation,overuseoftheland,endemicwarfareanddroughtSowhatlessonscanwedrawfromtheMayancivilizationcollapse?•harmonybetweencountries.meaning玛雅研究启示•dosomethingtocareaboutourmotherworld.•theoverpopulation.玛雅文明Presentby:吴泽敏史晓桐刘敏怡胡佳昕MAYANCIVILIZATIONThankyou！！