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Unit2EnglisharoundthetheworldUsinglanguage•Pre-readingHowmanyChinesedialectsdoyouknow?我国方言分布情况:1.北方方言:以北京话为代表,包括华北官话、西北官话、西南官话和江淮官话2.吴方言:以上海(苏州)话为代表3.湘方言:长沙话为代表4.赣方言:南昌话为代表5.客家方言:广东梅县话为代表6.闽方言:闽东—福州闽南—厦门7.粤方言:广州话为代表•So,whataboutEnglish?TherearemanycountriesthatuseEnglishastheirofficiallanguage.EnglishspokenbywhichcountrydoyouthinkisthesrandardEnglish?•Whilereading,findtheanswersoffollowingquestions:1.Whatisadialect?2.ListtheAmericandialectsmentionedinthetext.3.WhydoestheAmericanEnglishhavesomanydialects?1.Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.•believeitornot信不信由你用法:常用作插入语,也叫做独立成分,通常有逗号隔开e.g.Believeitornot,hepassedthedrivingtestyesterday.信不信由你,昨天他通过了驾照考试。英语中常见的插入语:genetallyspeaking一般来说inotherwords换句话说what’smore另外,而且2.Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.thereisnosuch...as...固定句式,意为“世界上没有像…的…”其中,such(adj.)表示“这样的,类似的”。而“nosuch+可数名词单数”相当于“notsucha(n)+可数名词单数。e.g.Thereisnosuchpersoninourschool.我们学校里没有这样的人。•such用法点拨:(1)当名词前有few,little,much,many修饰时,只能用so来修饰,不能用such。e.g.Therearesomanybeautifulflowers.(2)such与a/an连用时要放在a/an的前面;与all,no,some,any,few,little,many,much,several,one等词连用时,应位于它们的后面。e.g.Johnissuchacleverboy.约翰是这样聪明的一个男孩。Onesuchdictionaryisenough.这样一本字典已经足够了。(3)sucha/an+adj.+[C]n.单数+thatadj.+[U]n./复数名词意为“如此…以至于…”e.g.ItissuchacutedogthatIcan'thelplovingit.3.Thisisbecauseintheearlydaysofradio,thosewhoreportedthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.(本句中because引导的是表语从句)e.g.Thatisbecauseyouaredrinkingtoomuch.那是因为你喝得太多了。※易混辨析:because引导原因,而why引导相应的结果。即,This/Thatisbecause+原因,表示“这/那是因为…”This/Thatiswhy+结果,表示“这/那是…的原因”e.g.Thatisbecauseyoudidnotworkhardenough.Thatiswhyyoudidnotpasstheexam.4.Whenpeopleusewordsandexpressionsdifferentfromthestandardlanguage,itiscalledadialect.(1)expressionn.词语;表达;表情e.g.Therewasaworriedexpressiononherface.她脸上流露出了一种焦虑的表情。•beyondexpression无法表达,形容不出(2)standard(adj.)标准的•(n.)标准,规格standardofliving生活水平※辨析:accent/dialect•accent口音,指某一地区语言的发音特征。•dialect“方言,土语”,指一个地区人们所使用的语言。5.Geographyalsoplaysapartinmakingdialect.•playapartin=playarolein意为“在…中起作用,参与”e.g.Computerplaysanimportantpartinmodernsociety.※拓展延伸:playthepart/roleof+(角色名)扮演…的角色takepartin参加takeanactivepartin积极参加e.g.Hewillplayaleadingpartintheplay.他将会在那部戏中扮演主角。Mybrothertakesanactivepartinallkindsofschoolactivities.我的弟弟积极参加学校的各项活动。6.SopeoplefromthemountainsinthesoutheasternUSAspeakwithalmostthesamedialectaspeopleinthenorthwesternUSA.•thesame...as与…一样,same前总带定冠词the,as为关系代词,引导定语从句,从句中凡是与主句中相同的成分均可省略,本句中省略了speak。e.g.Ihavethesametroubleasyou(have).我有和你同样的烦恼。※辨析:•thesame...as表示同类的人或事物;•thesame...that表示用一个人或事物。7.AlthoughmanyAmericanmovealot,theystillrecognizeandunderstandeachother'sdialects.•recognizevt.辨认出;承认;公认※搭配:•recognizeone'svoice辨别出某人的声音•berecognizedas被承认为…•recognizesb.tobe...承认某人是…•recognizethat承认…※辨析:recognize/knowrecognize指原来很熟悉,经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来,是短暂性动词(终止性动词)know是延续性动词,指相互间十分熟悉,十分了解。e.g.Iknowhim,butIcouldhardlyrecognizehimwhenIsawhimlastnight.8.CanyoufindthefollowingcommandandrequestfromReading?你能从“阅读”中找出下列“命令”和“请求”吗?•commandvt.&n.(1)vt.命令;指令;掌握※搭配:•commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事•commandthatsb.(should)dosth.命令…e.g.Hecommandedustostartatonce.他命令我们立刻动手。Hecommandedhismentoretreat.=Hecommandedthathismen(should)retreat.他命令手下撤退。(2)n.command可用作可数名词,意为“命令,指令;指挥部”。如giveacommand下命令。也可用作不可数名词,意为“控制,指挥;运用能力,掌握”。※搭配:beatone'scommand听候某人吩咐have(a)goodcommandof精通beunderone'scommand=beunderthecommandof由…指挥e.g.Shehas(a)goodcommandofEnglish.她精通英语。ThearmyisundertheKing'sdirectcommand.部队由国王直接指挥。※拓展延伸:commander司令官;指挥官•requestn.&vt.(1)n.[C,U]apolitedemand要求;请求;请求的事物※搭配:•makearequestforsth./that从句做出请求•that从句要用虚拟语气(主语+shoulddo)•byrequest按照要求•attherequestofsb.应…的要求(请求)e.g.Weshouldmakearequestforhelp.我们应该请求支援。Theteachermadearequestthatthestudentsshouldbewellpreparedforthecomingexam.老师要求学生对即将到来的考试做好充分准备。(2)vt.toask,todemandpolitely要求,请求※搭配:•requeststh.(fromsb.)(向某人)所要某物•requestsb.todosth.要求某人做某事•requestthatsb.(should)dosth.要求…※在含request的主语从句、表语从句、同为语从句和宾语从句中,谓语动词要用“(should+)do”的形式。e.g.Theteacherrequestedthatwe(should)comeanhourearlier.老师要求我们早来一小时。Myrequestisthatwe(should)startoutatonce.我的请求是我们应该马上出发。Herequestedmetohelphim.他要求我帮助他。“一、二、三、四”记虚拟•在表示“建议、要求、命令”的动词后跟宾语从句时,常用虚拟语气(即should+do,should可省略),在高中常见的这类动词可用下面的口诀记住,即:•一个“坚持”(insist)(坚持要求),二个“命令”(order,command),三个“要求'(demand,request,require),四个“建议”(suggest,propose,advise,recommand)。•suggest和insist后的宾语从句总用虚拟语气吗?•当suggest作“表明,暗示”讲时,insist作“坚持认为,坚持说”讲时,其后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气,而用陈述语气。e.g.Mybrotherinsistedthathehaddonenothingwrong.我的弟弟坚持说他没有做错。•Homework:•1.Finishtheexerciseon《优化方案》•2.PreviewtheGrammar:祈使句的直接引语变间接引语WritingTitle:WhyitissoimportanttolearnEnglish?※Reasonscouldbeasfollow:•WorldtradeisdoneinEnglish;•InternationalOrganizations(suchastheUN)useEnglish;•Weneedtocontactwithdevelopedwesternworldtobuildourcountry;•ManydevelopingcountriesalsouseEnglishintheirdealings;
本文标题:高中英语人教版必修一 Unit 2 Using Language--Standard English
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