unit4语法---现在分词做状语 以及最新高考题

V-ing做主语,宾语,补语,表语，定语和状语1.Cominglateforschoolisabadhabit.2.Weshouldavoidcominglateforschool.3.Thebadweatherkeepstheflightcominglate.4.Theyareexciting.5.Themanrunningoverthereisourchairman6.Cominglate,thegirlmissedthetrain.7.Hearingthenews,hecouldn’thelplaughing.8.Notknowinghistelephonenumber,Icouldn’tgetintouchwithhim.9.Thestudentsranoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.10.Herhusbanddied,leavingherfourchildren.11.Workinghard,you’llsurelysucceed语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendoneV-ing形式做状语1.做时间状语2.做原因状语3.做条件状语4.做让步状语5.表示方式或伴随情况6.做结果状语7.评论性状语表示时间,原因,结果,条件,方式,伴随----1).Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.Workinghard,you’llsurelysucceed.条件状语IfyouuseyourheadIfyouworkhard2).Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.Notknowingheraddress,wecan’tgetintouchwithher.(原因)BecausehewaspoorAswedon’tknowheraddress3).Walkinginthestreet,Isawatailor’sshop.4).Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.时间WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet.结果andthisleftthefamilyevenworseoff5)Fourpeopleenteredtheroomlookingaroundinacuriousway.=Fourpeopleenteredtheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway.6)Knowingallthis，Istillwanttoseeitformyself.=EventhoughIknowallthis，Istillwanttoseeitformyself.伴随状语让步评论性状语有些惯用的V-ing短语在句中可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰全句，表面说话者的态度观点等。我们称这种状语为评论性状语或评注性状语。generallyspeaking一般来说judgingfrom/by由...判断considering考虑到seeingthat鉴于-----Notknowing…Notrealizing…现在分词作状语的几种形式1.一般形式：现在分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生用：doingHearingthesadnews,sheburstintotears.2.完成式：当分词的动作先于谓语动词的动作发生用分词的完成式：havingdoneHavingfinishedtheclass,shewenthome.3.一般被动式：beingdoneBeingcriticisedbytheteacher,theboyhunghishead.4.完成被动式：havingbeendoneHavingbeenpraisedforhisjob,Tomworkedharder.4.独立主格结构：Springcomingon,thetreesturnedgreen.Hermotherbeingill,shehadtolookafterherathome.Timepermitting,we’llvisittheGreatWall.作状语的V-ing形式和句子之间通常有一个逗号隔开，不能用并列连词。Studyinghard,andyouwillpasstheentranceexaminationtocollege.Studyinghard,youwillpasstheentranceexaminationtocollege.Studyhard（,）andyouwillpasstheentranceexaminationtocollege.高考题演练(陕西2008)_____aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNestforthe2008OlympicGames.A.HavingshownB.TobeshownC.HavingbeenshownD.Toshow(08浙江10)thathewasingreatdanger，Ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest.A.NotrealizedB.NottorealizeC.NotrealizingD.NottohaverealizedNotknowing…Notrealizing…(四川2007)Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless_____everyday.A.wateredB.wateringC.waterD.towater(08福建22)______inthequeueforhalfanhour，theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.A.WaitingB.TowaitC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited(08重庆29)toreachthemonthephone,wesentanemailinstead.A.FailB.FailedC.TofailD.Havingfailed(2009·四川)______manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.A.ToldB.TellingC.HavingtoldD.Havingbeentold(2009·福建)InApril,2009,PresidentHuinspectedthewarshipsinQingdao,______the60thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePLANavy.A.markingB.markedC.havingmarkedD.beingmarked(2009·湖南)Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,______inasmallapartmentnearBostonand______whattodoabouthisfuture.A.living;wonderingB.lived;wonderingC.lived;wonderedD.living;wondered(2009·北京)______twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten2011·江西卷Onreceivingaphonecallfromhiswife________shehadafall,Mr.Gordonimmediatelyrushedhomefromoffice.A．saysB．saidC．sayingD．tosay2011·全国卷ⅡSarahpretendedtobecheerful,______nothingabouttheargument.A．saysB．saidC．tosayD．saying10福建25Lotsofrescueworkerswereworkingaroundtheclock,________suppliestoYushu,QinghaiProvinceaftertheearthquake.A.sendingB.tosendC.havingsentD.tohavesent10上海35____thecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.A.ApproachingB.ApproachedC.ToapproachD.Tobeapproached10北京21_____atmyclassmates'faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.A.LookingB.LookC.TolookD.Looked10湖南26Dina,__________formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.A.strugglingB.struggledC.havingstruggledD.tostruggle