信息系统外文文献及译文

南京工程学院英文文献及译文作者：邵亚雯学号：209090712系部：经济管理学院专业：信息管理与信息系统题目：社区自助歌曲点播平台的开发与设计指导者：金卫健讲师2010年4月InformationTechnologySupportSystemofSupplyChainManagementHUAJIANG，JINGYANGSchoolofEconomyandManagement;SchoolofKeXinHeBeiuniversityofengeneeringHanDan056038CHINAAbstract:-Effectivesupplychainmanagementisbuiltonthebasisofthehighqualityofinformationtransmissionandsharing,Thiswillrelyheavilyoninformationtechnologytoprovidereliablesupport.Inthispaper,againstthecharacteristicsofthesupplychaininformationflow,discusstheimpactofinformationtechnologyonsupplychainmanagementandsupportsystemwhichinformationtechnologyforminthesupplychainmanagement.Key-Words:-Supplychainmanagement;Informationtechnology;SupportSystem;Informationflow;Supplychain;Information1IntroductionSupplyChainManagement(SCM)riseisattributedtoenterprisestryingtoeliminateproductionandinventoryplansmisleadingasinformationslowtransmissionorerrors.In1990s,someofcomputermanufacturerssuchasHP,orP&Gwhichproducthouseholdappliancesbeginintegrateinformationsystemsofdown-upstream,hopetoarchievepurposesforrapidresponsiontothedemandofmarketandlowerinventorybycorrectandrapidtransmission,analysisandintegrationofinformation.Therefore,effectivesupplychainmanagementisbuiltonthebasisofthehighqualityofinformationtransmissionandsharing,Thiswillrelyheavilyoninformationtechnologytoprovidereliablesupport.Intoday'sage,informationhasbecomeakeyfactorinthedecisiontothesurvivalanddevelopmentofenterprises,anybusinessmustfacetheissueofhowtointegrateinformation.Informationisfromboththeverticalinformationoftheupstreamanddownstreamfirmsandthehorizontalinformationoftheinternalenterprise,aswellasinformationofthemacrolevel.Howtotransmitandshareinformation,tocoordinateeconomicbehavioroftheupstreamanddownstreamenterprisesandfunctionalbehaviorofinteralenterprisewhichisthecorequestionssupplychainmanagementistodealwith.Comparedwiththeindividualenterprises,supplychainasanextendedenterprise,showsowncharacteristicsbyitswayofinformationflowandacquisition.2TheCharacteristicsoftheSupplyChainInformationFlow2.1WidecoverageTheinformationofthesupplychaincoversfromalllinksofsuppliers,manufacturerstodistributorsandthenretailersinthesupplychain.Informationflowdistinctintoinformationflowofdemandandsupply,thesearetwodifferentflowsofinformationflow.Whendemandinformation(suchascustomerorders,productionplanning,procurement,etc.)takesdirectionfromthedemand-sidetothesupply-sidemovement,ittriggeredlogistics.Meanwhilesupplyinformation(suchasstoragelists,theinventoryrecordsforsales,deliverlists),togetheragainalongwithmaterialsforthedirectionofthesupplychainfromsupply-sidetodemand-sidemovement.TheinformationflowofindividualenterprisesmainlyconfinedtotheinternalInvoicingrecords(seefigure1).2.2MoreaccesschannelsAsbusinessesinthesupplychainisacollaborationrelationshipandcommunityinterests,informationofthesupplychainhavesomanychannelstoobtain.demandinformationisn’tonlyfromthecustomersbutalsodistributorsandretailers;thesupplyInformationisfromvarioussuppliers,Theseinformationflowandshareinallenterprisesthroughthesupplychaininformationsystems.Forindividualenterprises,asithaven’tformedtheCommunityinterestswithupstreamanddownstreambusinesses,soitistotallydependentonowncollection.2.3High-qualityinformationBecauseofspecialization,thequalityofthesupplychainwassuperiortotheinformationofthesingleenterprise,Forexample,distributorsandretailerscanbespecificallyresponsibleforthecollectionofdemondinformation,thesupplierswillcollectsupplyinformation,Productmanufacturerscollectinformationofproducts.3InformationTechnologyandSupplyChainManagementThedevelopmentofinformationtechnologyprovidesaneffectivesupporttosupplychainmanagement.Aboutsomeissueshowtothankoftheimpactofinformationtechnologyonsupplychainmanagement,andhowtouseinformationtechnologyinsupplychainmanagement,andsoon,throughstudies,itbasicallycanbesummedupinthreeaspects:3.1EnhancethesharingofinformationonthesupplychaincaneffectivelyimprovesupplychainmanagementWhenmembersofthesupplychainbasedonlyoninformationfromneighbormemberoflowerlevelstomakedecision,thesystemwillhaveaphenomenonofmagnificationofdemand.Thereasonforthissituationisnottheirrationalofallmembers,butrationaldecision-makingintheactualcircumstancesofunclearinformation,includeddemandforecastintheunbalanceddemand,increasingordersintheexpectedshortage,increasingEOQforthefixedorderscostsandeffectsofbatch.Theoccurrenceofthisphenomenonwillhaveanegativeimpactonallmembersofthesupplychain.Toeliminateorcontainthisphenomenon,withinthescopeofthesupplychain,wecantakeappropriatecountermeasures,suchastostrengtheninformationsharing,shortenthedelaytime,coordinatepurchasingandsimplifymarketingbehaviorandsoon.3.2ThedevelopmentofinformationtechnologyenhancesinternalcollaborationinthesupplychainThedevelopmentofinformationtechnologymakesenterprisesmoreaccessibletouseinformationtechnologytoexchangeandcollaboratewithothermembersofandsupplychain,thereforetheusecostsrelativelylower,sothatenterprisescanchoosemoresuppliestogetcheapersupplyandservicesinthesamelevelo