2010届高三一轮复习外研社版必修3 Module 1 Europe语法主谓一致ppt课件 (2)

主谓一致的概念：主谓一致指主语和谓语在人称和数的形态上必须保持一致。主谓一致的用法：1.名词或名词词组作主语▲集体名词（classfamilyteamcouplepublicetc.）作主语,如果强调的是整体，谓语动词用单数；如果强调的是个体，指成员谓语动词用复数形式。例：Ourclassisthebestinourgrade.Ourclassarestudyingintheclassroomnow.译：他们全家正在餐厅吃饭。Thewholefamilyareattablenow.▲有些集体名词如people，police和cattle作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。例：Peopletheredon’tspeakEnglish.Ex.Thepolice________runningafterathief.are有些集合名词如equipment，furniture，machineryetc.作主语谓语一般用单数形式例：TheequipmentofthatfactoryismadeinChina.译：这个房间里的家具非常破旧。Thefurnitureinthisroomisoldandbroken.2.以并列结构作主语的主谓一致▲由and或both…and…连接两个并列主语，谓语动词一般用复数。例：BothmysisterandIareinterestedinEnglish.▲但所连接的两个名词表示同一概念或一个完整的东西，应把它看作单数。如ａcoatandtie、awatchandchain、warandpeace、breadandbutterandaknifeandforketc.例：AwindyMarchandrainyAprilmakesabeautifulMay※另外，当一个人兼两种身份谓语用单数形式例：ThescientistandprofessorisfromBeijingUniversity.▲辨析下面句子Ajournalistandanovelisthavecometoseeyou.(两个人)Ajournalistandnovelisthavecometoseeyou.(一个人)▲下列短语（第二个冠词被省去）aboyandgirl，amanandwomanateacherandstudent，theoilandtextile（纺织）industry，theChineseandJapaneselanguage作主语，谓语动词用复数形式例：Amanandwomanarewalkingalongthestreet.译：德语和英语有很多共同之处。TheGermanandEnglishlanguage——muchincommon.▲.manya+n.andmanya+n.｛everyeach+n.+and+｛everyeach+n.尽管是复数概念但谓语依然要用单数形式。例如：Eachboyandeachgirlhasaticketintheirhands.Noteacherandnostudent——seenthefilm.has▲下列短语either…or…，neither…nor…，notonly…butalso…,not…but…,oretc.连接两个并列结构，采用就近原则。例：Eitheryouorheiswrong。Nottheteacherbutthestudentswanttogoouting。译：你不知道，我不知道，也没有任何人知道这件事的任何情况NeitheryounorInoranybodyelseknowsanythingaboutit.have▲当主语后有下列结构with、togetherwith、aswellas、like、but、except、besides、including、rather、inadditiontoetc.跟随，谓语动词和第一个名词保持一致。例：HeaswellasIworkshard./Iaswellasheworkhard.Mr.Brown，togetherwithhisfourchildren——leavingforBeijing.is3.表时间、长度、重量、距离、容积体积等作主语，如果当整体看，谓语动词用单数；如果指个体，谓语动词用复数。例：Twohundredmilesisalongdistance.TenthousandUSdollarsisalotofmoney.Tenminuteshavepassedandheisnothere.4.以s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致的用法：▲单复数同形的如means，works，series，speciesetc.作主语要根据其意义和搭配确定其变化。如果前面有a，sucha，this，that修饰，谓语动词用单数；如果有all，such，these，those，谓语动词用复数。Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried.Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.▲有些以s结尾作主语谓语动词用复数形式。I.由两部分构成表示衣物或工具作主语谓语动词用复数形式如glasses，shoes，trousers，chopsticks，scissors，glovesetc.例：Hisglassesarebroken，sohecan‘tseeverywell.※.但这些词前面有apairof，akindof，aseriesofetc.修饰时谓语动词用单数例：Aseriesofshoesisonsale.II.以s结尾的名词如clothes，goods，stairs，contentsetc.作主语谓语动词用复数形式。例：Thegoodsontheshiparestillunloaded.III.以ings结尾的名词如surroundings,earnings,lodgingsetc.作主语谓语动词用复数形式例：Thebeautifulsurroundingsaregoodforourhealth.IV.以s结尾的群岛，海峡，山脉等作主语谓语动词用复数形式ThewestIndiesarealargegroupofislandsintheAtlanticOcean.TheHimalayasextendalongtheborderofIndiaandChina.▲有些以s结尾的名词如news，和以s结尾的游戏名词billiards（台球）etc.；以s结尾疾病名词如bronchitis（支气管炎）etc.；以s结尾学科名词如politics，mathematicsetc.；以s结尾的专有名词如theUnitedNationsetc.；以s结尾的复数名词作书刊杂志等作主语谓语动词用单数形式。例：“Readers”iswellreceivedinChina.5.单复数同形的名词如sheep，fish，deer，aircraft，Chineseetc。要根据其实际意义确定谓语动词单复数形式。例：Asheepisoverthere./Twosheeparemissing.6.｛morethanoneone+n.andahalfoneandahalf+n.(pl.)作主语谓语动词一般用单数形式,但more+n.（pl.）用复数例：Morestudentsthanoneareagainstyourplan.Morethanoneis/areagainstyourplan.※.另外a+n.+or+two作主语，谓语动词用单复数都可以,而oneortwo+n（pl）谓语动词用复数形式。例：Awordortwois/areneeded.ThereareoneortwothingsIwanttotellyou.2.代词作主语▲不定代词如somebody，anybody，everybody，everything，nothingsomethingetc.,谓语动词用单数形式。▲.neither和none作主语，谓语动词用单复数都可以。例：Noneofthemhave/hasacar./Neitherofthemhave/hasacar.但如果指的是不可数名词谓语动词用单数形式例：Noneofthewaterinthisareaisclean.▲all的后面接可数名词复数,动词用复数形式；如接不可数名词,动词用单数形式例：AllthebooksontheshelfaremineAllthewaterinthebottleisclean.▲such，thesame，疑问代词which，who，what等和物主代词作主语要根据内容来决定单复数形式。SuchisAlbertEinstein./Sucharehiswords.｛Whichisyourbook，thisoneorthatone？Whichareyourbooks，theseorthose？3.动名词、不定式和名词性从句作主语一般用单数，有and连接的不定式要根据内容来决定单复数形式。Smokingisabadhabit.Whatyousaidiscompletelywrong.Whentoholdthemeetingandwheretoholditaretwothings.4.Therebe…/Herebe…结构中如果主语不止一个，一般采用就近原则例：Thereisabook,atableandthreechairsintheroom.▲在倒装结构中，谓语动词和后面的主语保持一致例：Betweenthetwowindowshangsapicture.TospeakfluentEnglishisnoteasy.1.Everyboyandeverygirl_____toattendtheeveningparty.A.likeB.islikeC.wishD.wishes2.Alargenumberofstudents_______goodatEnglish.A.areB.wasC.isD.be3.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____praisedatthemeeting.A.isB.areC.hasD.have4.Someperson_____foryouatthedoor.A.aremakingB.arecallingC.areaskedD.iscalling5.“All____presentandall______goingonwell.”saidthemonitor.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;isD.is;areDAADA•6.（09四川）Theteachertogetherwiththestudents________discussingReadingSkillsthat________newlypublishedinAmerica.A.are;wereB.is;wereC.are;wasD.is;was•7.（09山东）ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities________risingsteadilysince1990.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen•8.（09陕西）Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,_____visitBeijingthissummer.A.isgoingtoB.aregoingtoC.wasgoingtoD.weregoingto•9.（09江苏）ThepopulationofJiangsu__tomorethantwicewhatitwasin1949.Thefigureisnowapproaching74million.A.hasgrownB.havegrownC.grewD.aregrowingBCAA•10.（09湖南）Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents______toattendthemeetingthatisduetomor