语言学术语(英-汉对照)表

语言学术语（英-汉对照）表GlossaryandIndexAabbreviation缩写词，略语3.3.1Abercrombie10.3.2ablative夺格，离格4.1.1abstractness抽象性1.3.2accent重音（符）2.4.4；2.4.5accuracy正确性11.6.4accusative宾格4.1.1achievementtest成绩测试11.6.3acousticphonetics声学语音学1.7.1；2.1acquisition习得6.1.2acronym缩略语3.3.1actionprocess动作过程12.2.3actor动作者4.4.2；12.2.3addition添加3.3.2addressform称呼形式7.2.3addressee受话人1.4；9.4.1addresser发话人1.4；9.4.1adjective形容词3.1.2；4.1.1；5.5.2adjunct修饰成分；附加语12.2.3adverb副词3.1.2affix词缀3.2.1affixhopping词缀跳跃4.3.1affixation词缀附加法7.1.4affricate塞擦音2.4.3；2.4.5；2.9.1agreement一致关系4.1.3airstream气流2alliteration头韵9.3.2；9.3.6allomorph词/语素变体3.2.4；4.3.1allophone音位变体2.8allophonicvariation音位变体2.8.3allophony音位变体现象2.8.3alveolarridge齿龈2.2alveolar齿龈音2.4.4；2.4.5ambiguity歧义4.2.2；4.3.1；6.2.3；8.2.2；8.3.2ambiguous歧义的5.5.2；6.3Americandescriptivelinguistics美国描写语言学12.3AmericanEnglish美式英语10.3.5AmericanIndianlanguages美国印第安族诸语言12.3Americanstructuralism美国结构主义10.3.2；12.3analogicalcreation类推造字3.3.1anapest抑抑扬格9.3.3anaphor前指替代4.3.3anaphoricreference前指照应4.3.2Anderson6.3.1Animalcommunicationsystem动物交际系统1.2；1.3animate有生命的4.2.1annotation注解10.3.4；10.3.5antecedent先行词；前在词4.3.2anthropological人类学的12.3.1anthropologicallinguistics人类语言学1.8.3；7.1.1anticipatorycoarticulation逆化协同发音2.6.1antonomasia换称；代类名7.1.4antonym反义词5.4antonymy反义(关系)5.3.2appellative称谓性4.4.2appliedlinguistics应用语言学11appliedsociolinguistics应用社会语言学7.2.4appropriacy适宜性11.6.4appropriateness适宜性；得体性11.2.5approximant无摩擦延续音2.4.3；2.4.5Apte7；7.2.1aptitudetest素质测试11.6.2Arabic阿拉伯语3.3.1；4.4.1arbitrariness任意性1.3.1；12argument中项；中词；主目4.3.3；5.5.2article冠词3.1.2；4.1.1；4.2.1articulation发音2.6articulator发音器官2.4.2；2.4.3articulatoryphonetics发音语音学1.7.1；2.1artificialspeech人工言语10aspect体4.1.2aspirated吐气；送气2.6.2；2.8.2assimilation同化2.9.1；3.2.4；3.3.2；6.2.4associative联想4.2.1associativemeaning联想意义5.3assonance准压韵；半谐音9.3.2；9.3.6Atkinson,A.M.2.1attributive属性；修饰语；定语4.2.2；12.2.3auditoryphonetics听觉语音学1.7.1；2.1Austin,JohnLangshaw8.1；8.1.2authenticinput真实投入11.4.2authorialstyle权威风格9.4.3authoringprogram编程10.1.3autonomy自主性1.8auxiliary助词3.1.2；12.4.3auxiliaryverb助动词3.1.2；12.2.3Bbabblingstage婴儿语阶段12.4.1back-formation逆构词法3.3.1Bally,Charles9.1Bar-Hillel10.2.1Barnhart&Barnhart7.1.4basecomponent基础部分4.3.2；12.4。4BaudouindeCourtenay,Jan2.8.2behaver行为者12.2.3behaviouralprocess行为过程12.2.3behaviourism行为主义12.3.2；12.4.1Bell,A.M.2.5.Bennette,James9.1Bereiter6.4.2Berlin,Brent7.1.2Berns7.2.4Biber,etal10.3.3bilabial双唇音2.4.4；2.4.5bilabialnasal双唇鼻音2.4.5bilateralopposition双边对立12.1.2bilingualism双语现象7.2.3binarydivision二分法4.2.2binaryfeature二分特征2.10binarytaxonomy二分分类学5.4binding制约4.3.3；8.3.3；12.4.6bindingtheory制约论4.3.3；12.4.6BlackEnglish黑人英语1.1blade舌叶；舌面前部2.4.4blankverse无韵诗9.3.4blending混成法3.3.1Bloch12.3.2Bloom7.1.3Bloomfield,L.2.8.2;3.1.2;4.2.2;12.3.2;12.3.3;12.4.2Boas,Franz2.8.2；7.1.1；12.3.1Bolinger1.3.2Bolto7.2.2borrowing借用；借词3.3.1boundmorpheme粘着语素3.2.1boundingtheory管辖论4.3.3；12.4.6bracketing括号法12.4.3Bransford6.3.1Bransford,John6.4brevitymaxim简洁准则8.3.2bridging架接8.3.3Britian,D.2.10BritishEnglish英式英语10.3.5broadtranscription宽式音标2.6.2；2.8.3broadening词义扩大3.3.3Browncorpus布朗语料库10.3.2Burton,DoloresBurton9.1Ccalculability可计算性8.2.3calque仿造；仿造词语3.3.1cancellability可删除8.2.3cardinalnumeral基数3.1.2cardinalvowel基本元音2.5.2Carpenter6.2.5Carroll,B.J.11.6.4CarterandSimpson9.1case格4.1.1casegrammar格语法12.5.1casetheory格理论4.3.3；12.4.6category范畴1.4；3.1.2；3.2.1；4.1；4.3.2；6.2.3；8.2.1；10.3.5；12.3.3；12.4categoricalcomponent范畴成分4.3.2；4.3.3causative使役的；使投动词8.3.2CD-I,compactdisk-interactive交互式激光视盘10.1.3Cell12.3.3center中心词4.2.3centraldeterminer中心限定词3.1.2chainrelation链状关系4.2.1chainsystem链状系统12.2.3Chao,Y.R.2.8.2Chen11.2Chinese汉语3.3.1；4.1.1；5.0；5.3.2；8.1.2；8.2；12.2.3choice选择12.2.3choicesystem选择系统12.2.3Chomsky,Noam1.9.4；2.11；4.2.2；4.3；6；6.1.2；7.2.1；8.3.3；10；10.3.2；11.2.3；11.2.5；12.4；12.4.7；12.5.1circumstance环境因子12.2.3Clahsen,H.2.10class词类3.1.2；12.3.3classshift词性变换3.3.3clause小句；从句3.1.1；4.4.2click吸气音；咂音2.2clipping截断法3.3.1closedclass封闭类3.1.2closedsyllable闭音节2.11.1cluster音丛2.11.1coarticulation协同发音2.6；2.7coda结尾音节；符尾2.11code语码；信码1.4；3.1.2cognitivepsycholinguistics认知心理语言学6cognitivepsychology认知心理学6.4.1cognitivesystem认知系统4.3.3coherence相关；关联6.4.2；12.2.3cohension衔接12.3.3Cohorttheory6.2.1co-hyponym同下义词5.3.2colligation类连结12.2.2collocativemeaning搭配意义12.2.2colorword色彩词7.1.2colorwordsystem色彩词系统7.1.2command指令1.9.1；4.3.3commoncore共核11.3.3commonnoun普通名词5.5.2communication交际1.1；1.3；1.4communicativecompetence交际能力1.9.4；7.2.4；11.2.5；11.3.3communicativedynamism,CD交际性动力12.1.3communicativelanguageteaching,CLT交际语言教学法11.2communicativeSentencePattern,CSP交际性句子模式12.1.3communicativesyllabus交际教学大纲11.3.3；communicativetest交际性测试11.6.4communicative-grammaticalapproach交际-语法教学法11.3.3compactdisk激光盘10.1.3COMPACTDISD-READONLYMEMORY,CD-ROM激光视盘10.1.3comparativedegree比较级5.3.2competence能力1.9.4；12.4.1；12.4.7complement补语12.2.3complementaryantonym互补反义词5.5.2complementaryantonymy互补反义关系5.3.2complementarydistribution互补分布2.8.3；3.2.4complexpredicate复合谓语5.5.2component成分1.1；3.2.1；11.3.3componentialanalysis成分分析5.4compositeproposition复合命题5.5.2compositionality复合性5.4；5.5.2compound复合词；复合句2.12；3.2.1；3.2.3compreh