单片机控制PWM的直流电机调速系统的设计

仅供个人参考不得用于商业用途单片机控制PWM的直流电机调速系统的设计摘要：在国民生产中，随着现代技术的发展，电力电子技术已得到了全面的发展，其技术已应用到各个领域。在各类机电系统中,由于直流电机具有良好的启动、制动和调速性能,直流电机调速系统已广泛运用于工业、航天领域的各个方面,最常用的直流调速技术是脉宽调制(PWM)直流调速技术,具有调速精度高、响应速度快、调速范围宽和损耗低的特点.而利用计算机数字控制也成了直流调速的一种手段,数字控制系统硬件电路的标准化程度高,控制软件能够进行复杂运算,可以实现不同于一般线性调节的最优化、自适应、非线性、智能化等控制规律,此外还拥有信息存储、数据通信和故障诊断等模拟系统无法实现的功能关键字：AT89C51单片机；PWM技术；编码器；直流电动机仅供个人参考不得用于商业用途TheDesignOfPWMControlledDCMotorSpeedControlSystemBasedOnSingleChipAbstract：Inthenationalproduction,alongwiththedevelopmentofmoderntechnology,electronictechnologyhasbeenacomprehensivedevelopment,thetechnologyhasbeenappliedinvariousfields.Inallkindsofmechanicalsystem,duetothedcmotorhasagoodstart,brakeandtheperformanceofspeed,dcmotorcontrolsystemhasbeenwidelyusedinindustry,spaceflight,mostcommonlyuseddcspeedcontroltechnologyisapulsewidthmodulation(PWM)dcspeedcontroltechnology,whichhasahighprecision,fastresponsetime,highspeedrangeandwidthofthelowlosscharacteristicsanduseofcomputerdigitalcontrolhasbecomeakindofmethodofdcspeedcontrolsystem,thehardwarecircuitofahighdegreeofstandardization,controlsoftwaretocarryoutcomplexoperationcanberealized,differentfromthegenerallinearoptimizationandadjustmentoftheadaptive,nonlinear,intelligentcontrollaw,alsohaveinformationstorage,datacommunicationandfaultdiagnosiscannotachievesuchsimulationsystemKeywords:AT89C51microcontroller;PWMtechnology;encoder;DCMotor仅供个人参考不得用于商业用途目录1.引言..............................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.系统方案论证............................................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.1系统总方案论证与选择.............................................................错误!未定义书签。2.2设计模块方案比较与分析..........................................................错误!未定义书签。2.2.1电机调速控制模块..............................................................错误!未定义书签。2.2.2PWM调速工作方式...........................................................错误!未定义书签。3硬件部分....................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.1单片机的选型...........................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.2PWM控制技术.............................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.3驱动电路........................................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.3.1芯片IR2110性能及特点.......................................................错误!未定义书签。3.3.2IR2110的引脚图以及功能.....................................................错误!未定义书签。3.4PWM控制H桥双极性主电路................................................错误!未定义书签。3.5检测回路.........................................................................................错误!未定义书签。..................................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.6键盘及显示电路...........................................................................错误!未定义书签。..................................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。..................................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。4模块的原理与应用...................................................................................错误!未定义书签。4.1PWM调脉宽方式......................................................................错误!未定义书签。4.2定时器/计数器...............................................................................错误!未定义书签。4.3直流电机调速原理.......................................................................错误!未定义书签。4.4PWM基本原理及实现方法.......................................................错误!未定义书签。4.5PWM在直流调速中的应用.......................................................错误!未定义书签。4.6桥式可逆PWM变换器...............................................................错误!未定义书签。4.7M/T法测速原理........................................................................错误!未定义书签。5软件部分.....................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。5.1主程序及系统初始化模块..........................................................错误!未定义书签。5.2模块程序设计................................................................................错误!未定义书签。..................................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。..................................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。..................................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。5.3中断子程序模块...........................................................................错误!未定义书签。5.4键盘/显示模块设计......................................................................错误!未定义书签。5.5数字PID流程图...........................................................................错误!未定义书签。5.6源程序..............................................................................................错误!未定义书签。谢辞...................................................................................