裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记-第86课

1Lesson86Outofcontrol失控【Newwordsandexpressions】（11）swing（swung,swung）v.转向speedboatn.快艇desperatelyadv.绝望地companionn.同伙，伙伴waterski（由快艇牵引水橇）滑水buoyn.浮标dismayn.沮丧tremendousadj.巨大的petroln.汽油driftv.漂动，漂流gentlyadv.缓慢地，轻轻地一．單詞講解：★swing（1）v.转向、突然轉向、轉變方向、轉變思想（swung,swung）eg：Iwantedtoswingroundandshoutathim.我想转向他吼叫。eg：Thatbicyclewillswingaroundthecorner.那輛自行車將在轉彎處轉彎。eg：It’simpossibletoswingacarinsuchanarrowpathlikethis.這樣一個狹窄的道路上不可能掉轉汽車方向的。noroomtoswingacat＝noenoughroomtoswingacat無轉身之地、過於狹窄（2）v.擺動、使擺動eg：It’sbadmannerstoawingyourlegswhileeating.吃飯時晃動雙腳是不禮貌的。eg：Themonkeyisswingingitselffromtreetotree.猴子在樹上從這棵樹蕩到那棵樹。（3）n.擺動、振動eg：Theswingoftheshipmakesmesick.船的晃動讓我感到想吐。（4）n.鞦韆eg：Therearesomeswingsinthepark.公園裡有許多鞦韆。getonaswing上鞦韆；swingshift中班工人（美口語）★speedboatn.快艇speedway（美）高速公路、賽車跑道speedn.速度、速率；runatfullspeed全速ataspeedof40milesanhour每小時40英里的速度atspeed以高速；speedyadj.快速的、及時的aspeedyreply及時的回答★desperately（1）adv.绝望地、不顧一切的、情急的eg：Hesaiddesperatelythattheopposingteamwastoostrongforus.對手對我們說太強大了。（2）adv.極度地eg：Hewasdesperatelybusy.他極度地忙。desperate（1）adj.不顧一切的、亡命地makedesperateeffortstodosth拼命地做某事eg：Thedesperatethiefshotatthepoliceman.2亡命的小偷向警察開槍。（2）adj.悲觀的、幾乎沒有希望的eg：Herillnessisdesperate,butnothopeless.她的病不樂觀但並不是毫無希望。（3）adj.渴望的、很渴望的bedesperateforsth＝bedesperatetodosth極度渴望要（做）某事eg：Hewasdesperateforfame.他渴望有個名聲。eg：Heisdesperatetopasstheentranceexam.他渴望通過了入學考試★companion（1）n.同伙，伙伴eg：Badcompanionscanleadyoungpeopleastray.不良同伴可導致青少年誤入歧途。acompanioninarms戰友alifelongcompanion一個終身的伴侶（2）n.旅伴eg：Ihadagoodcompanionwhiletraveling.在旅途中我有一個好旅伴。（3）看護婦（受顧陪伴老婦或病人的婦女）ahospitalcompanion醫院的婦工★waterski（由快艇牵引水橇）滑水ski滑雪；goskiing去滑雪skate滑冰；goskating去滑冰★buoyn.浮标、救生圈lifebuoy救生圈buoyancyn.浮力、樂觀的性情buoyantadj.樂觀的、輕鬆愉快的buoyantlyadv.樂觀地,輕松愉快地★dismay（1）n.沮丧、驚慌、膽怯indismay＝withdismay驚慌toone’sdismay使驚慌的昰（2）v.使驚慌、使膽怯bedismayedat對某事驚慌eg：Shewasdismayedatthenews.聽到這個消息她非常驚慌。★tremendousadj.（大小、數量、程度）驚人的、巨大的atremendousexplosion極大的爆炸聲atremendouseffort極大的努力eg：Heranatatremendousspeed.他以驚人的速度跑。tremendouslyadv.[triˈmendəsli]ad.可怕地；極大地eg：Theexamwastremendouslydifficult.這次考試非常困難★petroln.汽油gas＝gasoline汽油petrolstation＝gasstation＝fillingstationn.加油站petroleum石油；petro岩石；oleum['əuliəm]油3★drift（1）v.漂动，漂流eg：Theraftwasdriftingdowntheriver.這木筏漂流順流而下eg：Thewinddriftedtheboattowardtheshore.風把船吹向岸邊。（2）n.漂流、漂移thedriftofaniceberg冰山的漂移thedriftofpopulationfromcountrytocity.人口從鄉村遷移到城市（3）n.漂流物bigdriftsofsnow吹積成的大雪堆adriftofdeadleaves吹積成的枯葉堆driftwood漂木★gently（1）adv.缓慢地，轻轻地eg：Handletheglasswaregently.小心的處理玻璃器皿。（2）adv.溫柔地eg：Shespokegentlytothefrightenedchild.她溫柔的和那個嚇壞的孩子說話。gentle（1）adj.溫柔地、和善的eg：Heisaverygentlyperson.他是個很溫和的人。eg：Mothersarealwaysgentlewiththeirbabies.母親總是溫柔的對待她們的嬰兒。（2）adj.和緩的/mildspeakinagentlevoice.以和緩的語調說話。agentleslope和緩的斜坡（3）adj.馴服的agentlehorse一匹馴服的馬；asgentleasalamb性情溫順如小羊二．Keystructures：1.過去完成時：had+done含義：表示過去某時之前以經做完，即過去的過去。2.過去完成進行時：hadbeendoing含義：表示過去某時之前一直在進行著。【Text】Whatwasthedanger?Asthemantriedtoswingthespeedboatround,thesteeringwheelcameawayinhishands.Hewaveddesperatelytohiscompanion,whohadbeenwaterskiingforthelastfifteenminutes.Bothmenhadhardlyhadtimetorealizewhatwashappeningwhentheywerethrownviolentlyintothesea.Thespeedboathadstruckabuoy,butitcontinuedtomoveveryquicklyacrossthewater.Bothmenhadjustbeguntoswimtowardstheshore,whentheynoticedwithdismaythatthespeedboatwasmovinginacircle.Itnowcamestraighttowardsthemattremendousspeed.Inlessthanaminute,itroaredpastthemonlyafewfeetaway.Afterithadpassed,theyswamonasquicklyastheycouldbecausetheyknewthattheboatwouldsoonreturn.Theyhadjusthadenoughtimetoswimoutofdangerwhentheboatagaincompletedacircle.Onthisoccasion,however,ithadsloweddownconsiderably.Thepetrolhadnearlyallbeenusedup.Beforelong,thenoisedroppedcompletelyandtheboatbegantodriftgentlyacrossthewater.三．課文講解：4★Asthemantriedtoswingthespeedboatround,thesteeringwheelcameawayinhishands.当那人试图让快艇转弯时，方向盘脱手了。※steeringwheel方向盤steerv.掌舵、駕駛eg：Hecarefullysteeredhiscararoundthecorner.他小心翼翼地駕駛他的車在拐角處。steeraship駕駛船；steersmenn.舵手※comeaway掉下、脫落eg：ThehandlecameawayfromthepitcherwhenIgraspedit.當我抓起水罐時它的柄脫落了。Hewaveddesperatelytohiscompanion,whohadbeenwaterskiingforthelastfifteenminutes.他绝望地向他的伙伴挥手，他的伙伴在过去的15分钟里一直在滑水。※wavetosb對……揮手※forthelast+一段時間→通常搭配完成時態forthelast10years在过去的10分钟里Bothmenhadhardlyhadtimetorealizewhatwashappeningwhentheywerethrownviolentlyintothesea.他们两个还没来得及意识到究竟发生了什么事情，就被猛地抛入了海里。※hardly…when幾乎沒時間做某事、一……就……eg：Hardlyhadwegotintothecountrywhenitbegantorain.→Wehadhardlygotintothecountrywhenitbegantorain.我們一到鄉下天就下雨了。※bethrowninto被拋進、被扔進Thespeedboathadstruckabuoy,butitcontinuedtomoveveryquicklyacrossthewater.快艇撞上了一个浮标，但它仍在水面上快速行驶着。Bothmenhadjustbeguntoswimtowardstheshore,whentheynoticedwithdismaythatthespeedboatwasmovinginacircle.两个人刚开始向岸边游去，就突然惊愕地发现快艇正在转着圈行驶，※withdismay惊愕地Itnowcamestraighttowardsthemattremendousspeed.它现在正以惊人的速度直冲他们驶来。※cometowards朝著來※straightadv.筆直、径直gostraight直走、改邪歸正keepstraighton一直往前走；lookstraightup仰看正上方comestraighttothepoint一句說出問題的核心※attremendousspeed以驚人的速度atfullspeed以全速Inlessthanaminute,itroaredpastthemonlyafewfeetaway.不到1分钟的工夫，它从离他们只有几英尺远的地方呼啸着驶了过去。※inlessthan不及→inlessthannoti