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Have的用法一、have作实意动词。1.表示“有”的意思。Look,Ihavewings,justlikeyou.Hehadfairhairandblueeyes.〔注1〕:其否定和疑问形式变化,在美国通常用助动词do。〔注2〕:在英国口语中常用havegot代替have.Look,can’tyouseeI'vegotteeth,too?Ihaven'tgotanyjewelry.2.have和一些其他名词连用,表示:(1)一种活动。WehavenoclassesonSunday.(上课)They’regoingtohaveavolleyballmatch.(举行比赛)Arewegoingtohaveameetingthisweek?(开会)Wearegoingtohaveatalkthisafternoon.(听报告)(2)患病。Ihavegotaheadache.Ihaveabadcold.(3)发生的情况。I'vehadsomanyfallsthatI'mblackandblueallover.(跌跤)(4)生育。精选文库--2Thequeenantmayhavetensofthousandsofbabiesinonesummer.3.和一与动词同形的名词连用,表示一个动作(have+a+由动词转化和名词)。Areyougoingtohaveaswim.Ihavealongtalkwiththeteacher.4.haveonsth.或havesth.on,表示“穿着”、“戴着”(=tobewearing)。Inoticedhehadonbedroomslippers.AttheballMotilehadadiamondnecklaceon.5.表示“吃”、“喝”。Iwantedtohaveacupofteaandsomeeggs.Doesshehavelunchathome?6.组成复合结构即“have+宾语+宾语补足语”。(1)不加to的动词不定式作宾语补足语(havesb.dosth.),表示让、叫某人做某事。Thesoldierhadhimstandwithhisbacktohisfather.〔注〕:否定结构表示“不能让…”或“从未有人…”.Wewon'thaveyoublameitonothers.Shehadneverhadanybodyspeaktoherthatwaybefore.(2)现在分词作宾语补足语(havesb.(sth.)doing),表示让(使)某人做某事。…thetwomenhadtheirlightsburningallnightlong….精选文库--3(3)过去分词作宾语补足语(havesb.(sth.)done),表示:①使(让,请)别人作某事,表示的动作是别人做的。EmperorQinShiHuanghadallthewallsjoinedup.…heshouldhavenewclothesmadeofthissplendidclothforthecominggreatprocession.②遭遇到某事。Housesnearairportssometimeshavetheirwindowsbroken.Workersinsomeindustrieshavetheirhearingharmedbythenoiseofthemachine.二、have与to一起构成情态动词,表示“不得不”、“必须”,可用于各种时态。Ihavetolookafterherathome.三、have做助动词与动词的过去分词一起构成现在完成时和过去完成时。Greatchangeshavetakenplacethelasttwoyears.TheysaidthattheArabhadstolentheircamel.四、have用于“情态动词+have+过去分词”的结构,有推测、假设之意。1.must+have+过去分词,表示对过去时间发生的动作或存在的情况的推测,一般用于肯定句。Herfatherthoughtthatshemusthavemetafairy.Youmusthaveleftyourbaginthetheatre.精选文库--42.can(could)+have+过去分词,表示对过去发生事情的“不肯定”,常用于否定句和疑问句。Hecan'thavebeentoyourhome,hedoesn'tknowyouraddress.3.should+have+过去分词,表示“某事本该早做而实际未做”,用于肯定句。Youshouldhavebeenherefiveminutesago.五、have用于某些成语,表示固定的意思。1.haveaword(afewwords)withsb.,表示和某人说一(几)句话。Where'sPeter?Iwanttohaveawordwithhim.2.hadbetter+不带to的动词不定式,表示“…最好…”。I'dbettergoandlookforhimnow.3.havenothing(something)todowith,表示“和…无(有)”关系。MostofquestionshadnothingtodowithEdison'slessons.
本文标题:Have的用法
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