超声波倒车雷达系统的设计

南阳理工学院本科生毕业设计(论文)学院：电子与电气工程学院专业：电气工程及其自动化学生：睢丰指导教师：尉乔南完成日期2013年5月南阳理工学院本科生毕业设计（论文）超声波倒车雷达系统的设计DesignofUltrasonicReversingRadarSystem总计：29页表格：1个插图：18幅南阳理工学院本科毕业设计（论文）超声波倒车雷达系统的设计DesignofUltrasonicReversingRadarSystem学院：电子与电气工程学院专业：电气工程及其自动化学生姓名：睢丰学号：1109614050指导教师（职称）：尉乔南（讲师）评阅教师：完成日期：南阳理工学院NanyangInstituteofTechnology超声波倒车雷达系统的设计I超声波倒车雷达系统的设计电气工程及其自动化专业睢丰[摘要]基于超声波测距的汽车倒车雷达系统是在充分理解了超声波测距原理的基础上提出的。工作时，超声波传感器发出脉冲信号，经障碍物反射后由超声波接收装置接收并送至单片机处理，可实现倒车时障碍物距离的实时监测并通过语音报警提示驾驶员。本设计是以AT89C51单片机为主控制器的超声波倒车雷达系统，包括超声波发射和接收部分、单片机处理部分、LCD显示部分和语音报警部分等硬件系统以及软件程序设计。[关键词]倒车雷达；单片机控制；超声波测距；语音报警DesignofUltrasonicReversingRadarSystemElectricalEngineeringandAutomationSpecialtySUIFengAbstract:Basedontheultrasonicdistancemeasurementprinciple,thistextputforwardadesignschemeofcarreversingradarsystembasedonultrasonicdistancemeasurement.Ultrasonicsensorsendsapulsesignalwhenitisworking,andtheultrasonicreceivingdecivesendthereflectedsignalbytheobstacletotheMCU,thissystemcouldachieveReal-timemonitoringoftheObstacledistancewhenreversingandpromptthedriverbyvoicealarm.TheoveralldesignofultrasonicreversingradarsystembasedontheAT89C51singlechipasmaincontrollerwasdetailedintroduced,includeUltrasonictransmittingandreceivingpart,MCUprocessingpart,displaybyLCD,VoiceAlarmpartanditsprogramminginthesoftware.Keywords:Reversingradar;singlechipmicroprocessor;ultrasonicdistancemeasurement;voicealarm超声波倒车雷达系统的设计II目录1引言................................................................................................................................11.1倒车雷达的研究现状及发展趋势.....................................................................11.2设计主要内容.....................................................................................................22系统的总体设计方案及理论基础................................................................................22.1总体设计方案.....................................................................................................22.2超声波测距理论分析.........................................................................................32.2.1超声波测距原理......................................................................................32.2.2超声波测距精度分析..............................................................................32.3超声波传感器.....................................................................................................42.3.1超声波传感器的原理及结构..................................................................42.3.2超声波传感器的应用..............................................................................52.2.3超声波传感器的主要性能指标..............................................................53系统的硬件设计............................................................................................................53.1单片机主控系统电路设计.................................................................................53.1.1单片机选择..............................................................................................53.1.2电源电路..................................................................................................63.1.3复位电路..................................................................................................73.1.4时钟电路..................................................................................................83.2超声波发射电路.................................................................................................83.3超声波检测接收电路.........................................................................................93.3.1集成电路CX20106A...............................................................................93.3.2超声波接收电路....................................................................................103.4显示电路...........................................................................................................113.5语音报警电路...................................................................................................123.5.1语音芯片选择........................................................................................123.5.2ISD4004语音芯片的引脚定义.............................................................123.5.3ISD4004与单片机的接口电路.............................................................134系统的软件设计..........................................................................................................144.1软件设计的要求...............................................................................................154.2主程序设计.......................................................................................................154.3超声波测距模块设计.......................................................................................164.3.1距离计算子程序....................................................................................16超声波倒车雷达系统的设计III4.3.2超声波发送和接收程序........................................................................164.4ISD4004语音报警程序设计............................................................................174.4.1录音放音时序及操作流程....................................................................174.4.2语音报警主程序设计.....................................