高考英语复习-常用句型.ppt

高中英语主要句型55一、以形式主语it引导的句型。•句型1.•It(so)happened（chanced）that+clause.=sb.happened/chancedtodosth.=sb.didsth.bychance.如：•IthappenedthathewasoutwhenIgotthere.当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在。•＝HehappenedtobeoutwhenIgotthere.•=ItchancedthathewasoutwhenIgotthere•=HewasoutbychancewhenIgotthere.•句型2.•Itseemsthatsb.do/bedoing/havedone/haddone•=Sb.seemstodo/bedoing/havedone/tobedone/tohavebeendone（•还有动词appear等可这样使用）•他好象以前去过北京。•ItseemedthathehadbeentoBeijingbefore.•＝HeseemedtohavebeentoBeijingbefore.•句型3.•Itis/was＋被强调的部分＋that(who)+剩余的部分.如：•ItisIwhoamastudent.我确实是个学生。（句中am不能用are来代替。）•Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tcometoschooltoday.只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。（只能用because而不能用for,as或since）•Itwasn'tuntilhecamebackthatIwenttobed.直到他回来我才睡觉。(一定要注意被强调句型中的谓语动词否定的转移)。•句型4.•Itis/was＋表示地点的名词＋where+从句。（注意本句不是强调句型，而是以where引导的定语从句。）如：•ItwasthishousewhereIwasborn.请比较：ItwasinthishousethatIwasborn.•句型5.•Itis/was+表示时间的名词＋when+从句。（注意本句型也不是强调句型，而是以when引导的定语从句。）如：•Itwas1999whenhecamebackfromtheUnitedStates.•请比较：Itwasin1999thathecamebackfromtheUnitedStates.•句型6.•Itishightime(time/abouttime)+(that)主语＋shoulddo/did+其它。•（从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气。）•我们该回家了。•Itishightimethatweshouldgo/wenthome.•句型7.•Itis/wassaid(reported…)＋that+从句.如：•据说他读过这篇小说。•Itwassaidthathehadreadthisnovel.•＝Hewassaidtohavereadthisnovel.•句型8.•Itisimpossible/necessary/strange…thatclause.(从句中的谓语用should＋do/shouldhavedone，其形式是虚拟语气。)如：•Itisstrangethatheshouldhavefailedinthisexam.真奇怪，他这次考试没有及格。•句型9.•Itis+apity/ashame…thatclause.(注意从句中的谓语动词用shoulddo或shouldhavedone的形式，但should可以省略。)如：•他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。•Hedidn'tcomebackuntilthefilmended.Itwasapitythatheshouldhavemissedthisfilm.•句型10.•Itissuggested/ordered/commanded/…that+clause.(从句的谓语动词用shoulddo,但should可以省略。)如：•Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputoff.有人建议推迟会议。•句型11.•Itiswell-knownthat＋从句。如：•Itiswell-knownthatsheisalearnedwoman.•众所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女。•句型12.•Itis+段时间＋since+主语＋did.请比较：•Itwas+段时间＋since+主语＋haddone.如：•Itisfiveyearssincehelefthere.他已经离开这儿五年了。•Itwasfiveyearssincehehadlefthere.（同上）•注意下列句型的翻译:•Itisfiveyearssincehelivedhere.•他从这儿搬走已经有五年了。•句型13.•It+谓语＋段时间＋before+主语＋谓语.（before引导的是时间状语从句。）如：•Itwasn'tlongbeforethepeopleinthatcountryroseup.•没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。•Itwillbethreehoursbeforehecomesback.•三个小时之后他才能回来。句型14.Itis+(描述事物的)形容词(possible,impossible,necessary等)＋for+sb.+todo.如：Itisimpossibleformetofinishthisworkbeforetomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。句型15.Itis+（心理品质方面的）形容词＋of+sb.+todo.=主语+be+形容词＋todo.(常用的形容词有：kind,stupid;foolish,good,wise等。)如：Itiskindofyoutohelpme.＝Youarekindtohelpme.你真好给我提供了帮助。•二、定语从句：•句型16.•由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。如：•Aswehaveknown,heisamostgoodstudent.众所周知，他是个很好的学生。•请比较：Itiswell-knownthatheisamostgoodstudent.（前一个是定语从句，而后者是个主语从句。）•句型17.•由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。如：•Heisaprofessor,whichIhavebeenlookingforwardtobecoming.他是个教授，那是我一直盼望的职业。（因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词，因此引导词用which，而不用who。)•句型18.•由where,when引导的定语从句（其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。）如：•ThisisthehousewhereIusedtocome.•请比较：Thisisthehousewhich/thatIusedtocometo.•ThisisthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.•请比较：Thisisthedaywhich/thatIjoinedthePartyon.•三、让步状语从句•句型19.•Nomatterwhat/which/who/where/when/whose＋从句，＋主句.(注意从句中的时态一般情况下用一般现在时态。)如：•Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.请比较：Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.无论你做什么，一定要做好。•Nomatterwhereyougo,pleaseletmeknow.请比较：Whereveryougo,pleaseletmeknow.你无论去哪儿，请通知我。•（说明：这两种句型形式不同，而意义完全相同。）•（注意：Iwilltellwhoeverwouldliketoreadit.句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替。因为它即作动词tell的宾语，又作后面从句的主语。）•四、条件状语从句•句型20.•When/Solongas/Aslongas/Once+从句，＋主句。（从句也可以放在主句之后。）如：•Aslongasyougivemeanymoney,Iwillletyougo.只要你给我一些钱，我就让你走。•OnceyouhavebeguntolearnEnglish,youshouldlearnitwell.一旦你开始学习英语，你应该把它学好。•句型21.•主句＋onconditionthat+从句.如：•Iwillgowithyouonconditionthatyougivemeasumofmoney.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。•句型22.•主句＋unless+从句.(注意：由于unless本身是否定词，所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定而不用否定。)如：•Iwillgotheretomorrowunlessitrains.我明天去那儿除非下雨。•句型23.•祈使句，＋and/or+主句。（注意：祈使句也可用一个名词短语。）如：•Useyourhead,andyouwillfindagoodidea.动脑筋想一想，你就会想出一个好主意。•Workhard,oryouwillfailinthetest.•Anotherword,andIwillbeatyou.你再说一句，我就揍你。•句型24.•If+necessary/impossible/important等，＋主句.(注意：if与形容词之间的itis被省略。)如：•Ifnecessary,Iwilldoit.如果有必要的话，我来做此事。•五、原因状语从句•句型25.•主句＋incase+从句.（incase表示以免）如：•Iwilltakemyraincoatincaseitrains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。•句型26.•主句＋dueto/becauseof/owingto/+thefactthat+从句。如：•Hedidnotcometoschoolbecauseofthefactthathewasill.由于他有病了，所以没有来上学。•六、时间状语从句•句型27.•When/While/As+从句，＋主句.如：•WhenIwasinthecountry,Iusedtocarrysomewaterforyou.当我在农村时，我常常给你打水。•句型28.•主句＋after/before+从句.如：•Theyhadn'tbeenmarriedfourmonthsbeforetheyweredevoiced.他们结婚不到四个月就离婚了。•Wewenthomeafterwehadfinishedthework.我们做完此工作就回家了。•句型29.•主语＋肯定谓语＋until＋从句.请比较：主语＋否定谓语＋until+从句.如：•Iworkeduntilhecameback.我一直工作到他回来。•Ididn'tworkeduntilhecameback.他回来我才开始工作。•句型30.•Assoonas/Immediately/Directly/Instantly/Themoment/Theinstant/Theminute+从句，＋主句.如：•MyfatherwentoutimmediatelyIgothome.我一到家，我父亲就出去了。•句型31.•Nosooner+had+主语＋done…than+主语＋did.请比较：主语＋had+nosooner+done…than+主语＋did.•NosoonerhadIgottoBeijingthanIcalledyou.我一到北京就给你打电话了。•请比较：IhadnosoonergottoBeijingthanIcalledyou.•句型32.•Hardly/Scarcely/Rarely+had+主语＋done…when/before+主语＋did.请比较：主语＋had+hardly/Scarcely/Rarely+done…when/before+主语＋did.•Har