TOYOTA(丰田公司的财务发展分析)

一、Background二、FinancialAnalysisandCompanyStatus三、ToyotaProductionSystem四、BusinessStrategyCompanyHistoryandOverview•LookbackatthehistoryofToyotaMotorCompany(TMC),itwassetupin1937byKiichirowhichwasasasectorfromToyotaIndustries.In1936,thefirstproductAAsedaniscompleted.Afterabouttwodecades,thecompanylaunchedtheirmainproductCrownandCrownDeluxeandfirstexporttotheUnitedStatesin1957.•In1984,ToyotajointventurewithGeneralMotorsandbeginproducetheircarsintheUSA.In2009,itbecametheworld’slargestcar-maker,basedonsalesandnumberofautomobilesproduced,fortheveryfirsttime.•1.thestartofinternationalizationofToyota（1933－1956年）learn,imitateandcreate学习模仿、自主创新adjustmeasurestolocalconditions因地制宜、因时而动separationofproductionandsales产销分离、全新经营•2.thesecondstepofinternationalizationofToyota（1956－1981年）marketingandadvertising市场重拓、广告营销Toyota'sglobaldistributionnetwork海外布局、经销网络Toyotacrownretreat,corollaattack皇冠退守、花冠进攻R&Dandqualitymanagement研发创新、质量管理•3.ThedevelopmentofInternationalizationofToyota（1982－2001年）marketingstrategy全球布局、海外生产organizationstrategy产销合并、控股同行productstrategy研制新品、高端突破•4.Toyota'sglobaloperations（2002－现在）ToyotamendstrategyinChina中国设厂、本地生产globalR&D,productionandsales全球研发、生产和销售environmentalandsecurity环保与安全2007.147万日本脉冲与油管系统存有缺陷2007.1121.5万日本燃油管泄露隐患2007.1215.6万美国后驱动轴的接头不当热处理2008.454万美国电动车窗螺丝可能松动2008.59万美国安全带问题2008.947万日本燃油系统和转向系统存在问题2008.98万中国手动变速器存在问题2008.1212.2万一汽丰田电动转向机处理不当2009.426广汽丰田刹车缺陷thebeginningofrecallingThereasonofrecalling•Since1995,thenewpresidentputfoeawardthetargetthattooccupy10%oftheglobalautomarket,andby2010,togot15%marketshare,thesameasGeneralmotorsco..•Toachievethisincredibletarget，thespeedwastheironlyfocusatthattime.•Asaresult,from2005to2009,whenToyotaexpandrapidly,itisalsothetimethatToyotafluentlyrecalledtheircars,whichgiveallthecustomersworldwideabadeffetandalsomakeitsreliabilitydropfromthefirsttothethirdaccordingtotheAmeiicanConsumerReports.•ToyotaMotorCompany(TMC)hasbeenaccesstomorethan180differentcountriesandregionsintheworldanditmainlypayattentiononEurope,NorthAmericaandAsiamarkets.TheheadquartersislocatedinToyotacityinJapanandhasabout340thousandsemployeesintheworld.In2008,ToyotamotorCompanyhasbecametheworld'stopcar-maker.ToyotaSupplyChainManagement•Toyotaarenotstrivetosqueezesuppliers’profitmargins,butwithallpartnerstofindopportunitiestoreducecost,takereductionmeasuresinthewholeproductionprocess.Italsoallowssuppliersatleasttoretainsomeoftheremainingprofitswithinacertaintime.Inthisway,thesupplier'sincentivegoalmaintainsthesamewithToyota’s.Allcompaniesinsupplychainhavetheopportunitytoprofitfromthecollaboration.•Firstly,increaseforecasters’efficiency.高预报的效率•Secondly,improvecommunicationamongsupplychaindivisions.提高供应链部门之间的沟通•Thirdly,reduceinventoryshortagesandoverages.减少库存短缺和过剩•Toyotaspentalotoftimeintheassessmentofmanypotentialsupplierstoconsidermanyotherfactorsbesidestheprice.Afterassessment,Toyotaestablishlong-termsupplyagreementwithkeycomponentssuppliers.Thisdoesnotmeanthatsupplierscansitbackandrelax.Onthecontrary,Toyotacontinuetoevaluateeachsupplier'sperformanceinmanydimensions,includingquality,reliability,creativeproposal,collaborationwithothersuppliers,ofcourse,butalsocosts.•Alsosetupa30%reductionrequirementatthecostofthewholesupplychain.Toyota’sproductionexpertsandmanufacturerscooperatetofindwaystoachieveobjectives.Oncereached,theybegintoprofitsharing;suppliersreservehalfoftheprofits,whilesetsupanewlevelofcostreductionasthethegoalofnextstage.Ifperformancecannotbeachieved,Toyotawillallocatelargerpurchaseamounttothecompetitivesuppliersattheendofthecontract.Ultimately,achievethegoalofrewardingthegoodandpunishingthebad.一、Background二、FinancialAnalysisandCompanyStatus三、ToyotaProductionSystem四、BusinessStrategyTheAnalysisofTOYOTA’sFinancialReportandCompanyStatusTheOverallReviewforfiscal2012•OnaconsolidatedbasisforthefiscalyearendedMarch31,2012,year-on-yearvehiclesalesimproved44thousandunitsto7.352millionunits.However,netrevenuesdecreased2.2%to18,583.6billion,operatingincomedecreased112.6billionto355.6billion,andnetincomedecreased124.6billionto283.5billion.TheOverallReview(contin)•Factorstodecreaseinoperatingincome:exchangeratefluctuationsexpensesincreasingotherfactors•Factorstoincreaseinoperatingincome:marketingeffortscontinuouscost-reductioneffortsTheOverallReview(contin)•Thebusinessenvironmentinfiscal2012wasextremelychallengingduetolossesinproductionfollowingtheJapanearthquakeandtheThailandfloods,inadditiontoyenappreciation.Nevertheless,achievingoperatingincomeof355.6billionthankstotheconcertedeffortsofemployees,suppliersanddealerstorecoverproductionandsales.ContentsoftheAnalysis•Solvency（企业的偿债能力）•OperationalCapacityofCorporateAssets（企业资产的营运能力）•CorporateProfitability（企业的盈利能力）Solvency(shortterm)20112012Currentassets11,829,75512,321,189Currentliabilities10,790,99011,781,574Workingcapital1,038,765539,615WorkingCapital（营运资本）Fromthechart,wecanseetheworkingcapitalhasbeendecreased.ItistosaythatSolvencylargelydeclined.Currentratio（流动比率）20112012VariationCurrentassets11,829,75512,321,189491,434C