第5部分：-填词补文

第五部分：填词补文（第31～40题，每题1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中，10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。分析句子成分，根据所缺的成分确定词类，这样可以大大缩小范围，提高效率和正确率。现在把句子成分和词类进行匹配：（1）缺主语用名词或动名词。例如：Diligencecanmakeupforalackofintelligence.Learningaforeignlanguagewellisimportantforus.请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoiceforthemissinginformation.His_______resultedintheaccident.A．carelessnessB．careC．carefulD．careless【答案】A【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺主语用名词或动名词。该句空格处要填的词作主语，故选择名词，所以从A或B中进行选择，但B项含义不符，故正确答案为A。该句的意思是他的粗心大意引起了这起事故。【知识点】填词补文之缺主语用名词或动名词（2）缺谓语用动词。例如：HeishelpingthelittlegirlwithherEnglishnow.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasincetheintroductionofthereformandopeningpolicy.Hertopicwascomplex,butshesimplifieditinawaythatwecouldallunderstand.（3）缺宾语用名词。例如：Anypolicythatcreatesunemploymentwillmeetwithstrongresistance.Thetestmeasureslanguagelearners'achievementinreadingEnglishnovels.请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoiceforthemissinginformation.WhenIsawher,she_______atthecomputer.A．workerB．isworkedC．wasworkingD．worked【答案】C【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺谓语用动词。本句缺少谓语动词，故首先排除A。B选项时态和从句的时态矛盾，故应排除。根据时间状语从句，本句的主句部分应该使用过去进行时态，故选C。【知识点】填词补文之缺谓语用动词（4）缺表语用形容词或名词。联系动词包括be（am,is,are），变化词（become,get,turn,go,fall），保持动词（keep,stay,remain），感官动词（look,sound,taste,smell,feel）等。例如：Itisverylovely.Shewasfrightenedwhensheheardabouttheaccident.Thetrafficlighthasturnedyellow,soyou'dbetterwaitawhile.Ifyoudon'tputthemeatinthefridgeinhotsummer,itwillgobadsoon.Everythinghasfallenquietatthedisappointingnews.Hedecidedthathewouldkeepsinglehiswholelife.Tostayhealthy,we'dbetterhaveproperexerciseseveryday.Theclothfeelsverysoft.Heisaworkerwhilehiswifeisanactress.请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoiceforthemissinginformation.Histeacherhelpedhimstay_______whileteachinghimmathinhisnativeSpanish.A．smartnessB．beingsmartC．smartD．smartly【答案】C【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺少表语用形容词或名词。本句中stay意为保持，是联系动词，后面要接形容词作表语，故正确答案为C。【知识点】填词补文之缺少表语用形容词或名词（5）缺定语应该考虑形容词，其次是名词。例如：aninterestingstory（此处补充-ing/-ed的区别）ahugemistakeacarefulstudentdeath/birth/marriage/divorcerate请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoiceforthemissinginformation.Hetoldusan_______factthatthe_______rateofthestudentsinthatsmallvillagewasveryhigh.A．astonishing,dropoutB．astonished,dropoutsC．astonish,dropoutingD．astonishment,dropout【答案】A【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺少定语用形容词或名词。本句中空格处需要填的词在句子作定语，故首选形容词，次选名词。令人吃惊的事实是anastonishingfact。……率需要用名词作定语，故选择dropoutrate意为辍学率。故正确答案为A。【知识点】填词补文之缺少定语用形容词或名词（6）缺状语用副词，副词可以用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。例如：Heiswalkingveryslowly.Learningaforeignlanguagewellisextremelyimportanttopeopleworkinginjointventures.Undoubtedly,TaiwanispartofChina.Unluckily,hewasbadlyinjuredintheaccident.请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoiceforthemissinginformation.Afterhisdivorce,hebegantodrink_______.A．heavinessB．heavierC．heavilyD．heavy【答案】C【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺状语用副词。本句中需要填入的单词修饰动词drink，作状语，故需要选择副词C。【知识点】填词补文之缺状语用副词（7）非谓语动词分词请务必搞清楚现在分词和过去分词的区别：前者表示主动，后者表示被动；前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示动作已经完成。例如：theexploitingclass剥削阶级/theexploitedclassdevelopingcountries/developedcountriesWhenhecameto,hefoundhimselflyinginhospital.Whenhegotoffthebus,hefoundhiswalletstolen.Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldn'tmakehimselfheard.Finishing/Havingfinishedhishomework,hedecidedtoseeafilm.Finished/Havingbeenfinished,hishomeworkgotanA.Weather/Timepermitting,wewillgoforanoutingthisweekend.Theblindmanguidedbytheboy,theyslowlywentacrossthestreet.不定式包括两种形式：todosth.，dosth.常接dosth.作宾补的动词有：一感(feel)，二听(listento,hear)，三让(let,make,have)，四看(see,notice,watch,lookat)，半帮助(help)。例如：Iheardhimsingingthesongjustnow.（注意区分：Iheardhimsingthesong.）请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoiceforthemissinginformation.Youmayhaveevenheardthem_______topeoplesayingthereisanythingdifferentaboutthem.A．objectB．objectiveC．objectionD．objectively【答案】A【解析】本题考查接秃头不定式作宾补的动词hear。hearsb.dosth,意为听到某人做了某事，object意为反对，后面接宾语时要先加介词to，即构成objectto(doing)sth.的结构。objective意为（作形容词）客观的；（作名词）目标；objection意为反对；objectively为副词，意为客观地。本句不要误以为需要修饰动词短语hearthem的状语而误选了副词D。本句需要填入空格的是作宾补的动词形式，故选择A。【知识点】接秃头不定式作宾补的动词（8）介词后接名词或动名词构成介宾结构。例如：payforone'seducationsufferfromcancerlookforwardtohearingfromsb.Heleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.Passage1（选自大纲样题）A.requiredE.increaseI.decisionB.roseF.beganJ.easyC.pulledG.interestsK.struggleD.extraH.primarilyL.currently解题方法：把词分类动词名词形容词副词A.requiredE.increaseD.extraH.primarilyB.roseG.interestsJ.easyL.currentlyC.pulledI.decisionE.increaseK.struggleF.beganK.struggle（引申为：困难，艰巨的任务）TeachYourKidsatHomeAsmostkidswentbacktoschoolatthebeginningofthesemesterinthefall,asmallbutgrowingarmyofparentsjustsaidnotoschool.SomepeoplelikeJeanForbesthoughttheirchildrenneeded31Dattention.Forbesisaformeractresswhosecurrentcareeristeachinghertwosons.HersonAllenisdyslexic（有诵读困难的）.She32Chimoutofpublicschoolsixyearsagobecauseshefeltteachersweren'thelpinghimenough.Otherparentswanttogivetheirkidsthechancetofollowtheir33Gratherthanatextbook.OutsideLosAngeles,NancyKinsey'skidsarestudyingbatsrightnow.Theystudyeverythingfromtheirdiettotheirwi