高考英语(人教版)第一轮语法专题十一非谓语动词课件

第一轮复习语法专题专题十一非谓语动词考点梳理中考链接广东真题考点精练广东真题()1.Weadviseparents_____theirchildrenathomealoneinordertokeepthemawayfromdanger.A.notleaveB.nottoleaveC.leaveD.toleave(2015·广东）()2.Inorder____forthemeeting,mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlythismorning.(2014·广东）A.nottobelateB.notbeinglateC.tobelateD.beinglateBA()3.—Ididn’thearyoucomeinjustnow.—That’sgood.Wetried____anynoise,foryouweresleeping.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.tomakeD.making（2013•广东）()4.Ittookmetwoweeks____readingthenovelswrittenbyGuoJingming.（2012·广东）A.finishB.tofinishC.finishesD.finishingBB广东真题()5.TrytosingmoreEnglishsongs,youwillfinditinteresting_______aforeignlanguage.A.learningB.learns（2011·广东）C.learnD.tolearn()6.—WecanuseQQtochatwitheachotherontheInternet.—Really?Willyoupleaseshowme____it?A.howtouse（2010·广东）B.whattouseC.howcanIuseD.whatcanIuseDA广东真题考点梳理考点一：动词不定式（todo）1.作主语:动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：（1）把不定式置于句首。Togettherebybikewilltakeushalfanhour.（2）用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。A.It＋be＋名词＋todoIt’sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.B.Ittakessb+sometime+todoHowlongdidittakeyoutofinishthework？C.It＋be＋形容词＋forsb＋todo在这一句型中，形容词表做某事怎么样。这类形容词有：difficult，easy，hard，important，impossible，necessary等。这一句型=Doingsth/Todosthis＋形容词＋forsb.Itisdifficultforustofinishwritingthecomposition.=Finishingwritingthecompositionisdifficultforus.D.It＋be＋形容词＋ofsb＋todo在这一句型中，形容词表人的品质、性格或特性。这类形容词有：careless，clever，good，foolish，honest，kind，lazy，nice，silly，stupid，wise等。这一句型=sbis＋形容词＋todosth.It’skindofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.=YouarekindtohelpmewithmyEnglish.2.作表语：表示主语的“职业、职责或性质”。Hisjobistodesignnewmachines.Herdreamistobeateacher.3.作宾语。（1）常跟不定式作宾语的动词有。如：agree，choose，decide，fail，help，expect，hope，learn，plan，pretend，promise，refuse，wish，manage，offer，prepare等。Idecidedtoaskformymoneyback.（2）主语＋think/find/feel/make＋it＋形容词＋todo句式。it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为todo。Wethinkitquiteimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguagewell.Hefeelsithisdutytohelpthepoor.（3）介词but，except，besides+do/todo在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面则不带to，如无动词do，则有to。(前有do，后无to；前无do，后有to)Theenemysoldiershadnochoicebuttogivein.敌人毫无选择只好屈服。OnSundayafternoonIhadnothingtodobutwatchTV.周日下午我无事可做只好看电视。4.作宾语补足语（1）常接不定式作宾补的动词有：allow，ask，advise，beg，encourage，expect，get，wouldlike，urge,order，permit，teach，tell，want，warn，wish，invite等。Wouldyoulikemetoturnoffthelight？Iwantyoutounderstandthemeaningclearly.（2）（一感觉二听三让四看）feel，hear/listento，make/have/let，see/lookat/watch/notice+sb./sth.+do，后用不定式作宾补时须省略to。但这种句式在变为被动语态时，to不能省略。Theymakethestudentsdotoomuchhomeworkeveryday.=Thestudentsaremadetodotoomuchhomeworkeveryday.5.作定语:不定式可以在句子充当后置定语，修饰名词注意以下几类常用不定式作定语的情况：（1）序数词、形容词最高级或被only，last，next等修饰的名词，可以用不定式作定语。Shewastheonlypersontosurviveaftertheearthquake.（2）如果该不定式是不及物动词，它后面需要加上适当介词。Shehasameetingtoattend.（动宾关系=attendameeting）There’snothingtoworryabout.（动宾关系=worryaboutnothing）Hehasasmallroomtolivein.（动宾关系=liveinasmallroom）6.作状语:不定式可以作状语，表示目的、结果、原因、条件等。（1）todo/soastodo（不能放在句首）/inordertodo作目的状语。Istaythereto/inordertoseewhatwillhappen.To/Inordertocatchtheearlybus，hegotupearly.（此句不能用soastodo）（2）enoughtodo/too…todo结构。Theboyisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.=Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.（3）形容词（happy，glad，lucky，fortunate，surprised，angry，anxious，ready，quick，slow，cruel，clever等）+todoThequestionisdifficulttoanswer.Heishardtogetalongwith.7.疑问词+不定式（包括whether，what，which，whom，where，when，how，不包括why），在句中起名词的作用，通常跟在诸如tell，know，show，decide，learn，wonder，explain等动词后作宾、主语或表语。NoonecantellmewheretofindJohn.Whentotaketheexamisstillunknown.Theproblemishowtogetenoughmoney.D考点再现考点再现()1.Ifpricesrisetoohigh,thegovernmenthastodosomething_______it.A.stopB.stoppedC.stoppingD.tostop()2.Mr.WangdoeswhathecanusimproveourEnglish.A.helpB.tohelpC.helpingD.helpedB考点二：动名词动名词的句法功能：动名词由动词加ing构成。动名词主要起名词作用，在句中担任主语、表语、宾语和定语。1.作主语：单个动名词短语作主语时，动词用单数。Seeingisbelieving.（眼见为实。）Collectingstampsisagoodhobby.2.作表语：通常是说明主语的内容，注意它与谓语动词进行时的区别。Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.（作表语）他的爱好是收集邮票。Heiscollectingstamps.（现在进行时）他正在收集邮票。3.作宾语：（1）作及物动词的宾语（enjoy，mind，finish，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，escape，practise，suggest，keepon，miss，imagine，risk）（2）作介词的宾语beusedtodoing习惯于做…；lookforwardtodoing盼望做…；payattentiontodoing注意做某事;spendtime（in）doing花时间做…；befondofdoing喜爱做…；begoodatdoing擅长做…；•beproudofdoing为做…而自豪；betiredofdoing对做…感到厌倦；•feellikedoing想做…；•goondoing继续做…（原来的事）；•keepondoing不停地做…；•how/whataboutdoing做…怎么样；•thinkofdoing考虑做…；•beinterestedindoing对做…感兴趣；•havesomedifficulty/trouble/ahardtime（in）doing做某事有困难；•bebusydoing忙于做…；insteadofdoing而不做…;•stop/prevent/keepsb.fromdoing阻止某人做某事;Thanksb.fordoing谢谢某人做某事;•preferdoingtodoing宁愿做…而不愿做…;havefun/haveagoodtimedoing做某事很高兴;•can’thelpdoing情不自禁地做某事;4.作定语动名词可作前置定语，表示所修饰的词的用途或目的，可用for改写；而现在分词作定语时，可用定语从句改写。swimmingpoolwaitingroomwalkingstickasleepingcar=acarforsleepingasleepingchild=achildwhoissleepingDB考点再现C考点再现()3.Nick,wouldyoumindthoseoldjeans?Theylookterrible.A.nottowearB.notwearC.wearingnotD.notwearing()4.IspentalotoftimeEnglishlastweekend.A.topracticespeakingB.practicingtospeakC.practicingspeakingD.topracticetospeak()5.Jane’smotherpreferredTVathometo___totheconcert.A.towatch;goB.watching;goingC.watching;goD.towatch;going考点三：动词不定式和动名词的区别1.有些