宜居城市---城市的宜居与可持续发展

城市的宜居与可持续发展ChinaSustainableandLivableCitiesInitiative3%(1800)70%(2050)50%(2000)30%(1950)14%(1900)SHIFTTOANURBANIZEDWORLD一个城市化的未来(UNDESA,2012)SUSTAINABLEANDLIVABLECITYINITIATIVE可持续宜居城市项目•ImplementedbyWorldResourcesInstitute(WRI)•Inthreebigdevelopingcountries,China,BrazilandIndia•FinanciallysupportedbytheCaterpillarFoundation,with$12m.•由世界资源研究所（WRI），致力于可持续发展的智库，设计•在全球三个主要发展中国家实施：中国、巴西和印度•由卡特彼勒基金会资助1200万美元VISION愿景可持续宜居城市：以人为本；活跃的绿色经济；清洁的空气、水和土壤；透明公开公正有效的城市治理；安全、平等、舒适、健康的生活。Citiesarethrivingplacesdesignedforpeople,withvibranteconomicactivity,freshair,andcleanwater;placeswithaccountablegovernanceandenvironmentalstewardship;wherepeoplefeelsafe,equitable,healthy,andconnectedtoalltheopportunitiesofurbanlife.What’shappeningincities?城市现状？Whyisnowtherighttimetoact?为什么要在此时开展城市项目？CONTEXT背景UnprecedentedurbanizationCitieswilladd1.5billionpeopleby2030–outpacinghumanpopulationgrowth.前所未有的城市化速度和规模截止到2030年，城市人口将新增15亿人，速度快过人口增长。CONTEXT|OPPORTUNITY&CHALLENGE背景|机遇与挑战Additionalinhabitantsperhour世界大城市每小时居住人数量变化CONTEXT|OPPORTUNITY&CHALLENGE背景|机遇与挑战Decisionscitiesmaketodaywillimpactmanygenerationstocome.城市今天的决定将对今后几代人产生影响Lock-inconsumptionhabitsandqualityoflife消费习惯的锁定1.5billionnewurbanresidentsby20302030年城市居民将新增15亿Doublehumanity’sbuiltenvironmentby2030建成区面积将增加一倍Massiveurban(re)developmentprograms,withplannedinvestmentexceeding$8trillioninChina,India,Brazil&Mexico对城市发展大项目的大规模的投资：中国、印度、巴西的投资规模约8万亿美元CONTEXT|OPPORTUNITY&CHALLENGE背景|机遇与挑战globalCO2emissionsattributabletocities来自城市的二氧化碳排放SustainableandLivableCityinChina可持续宜居城市项目在中国•Fasturbanization:快速城镇化urbanpopulationfrom18%in1978to52.6%in2012,upto65%by2030城镇人口比例从1978年的18%扩大到2012年的52.6%,2030年达65%•Challengetoenergy:能源挑战fastincreaseofenergyconsumption;70%ofenergymixfromcoal,66%ofpetrofromimport;能耗快速上升及能源安全•Environmentpollution：环境污染air,water,andearth空气、水、土地•No.1carbonemitterandoneofthecountriesmostvulnerabletoclimatechange•第一碳排放大国，同时是受气候变化影响而成为最脆弱的国家之一SLCinCHINA|WHYINCHINA?中国项目|为何在此?PartnerwithNDRC与国家发改委气候变化司签署合作备忘录•Formulatetheprogramobjectivesandstrategy共同制定项目目标和实施战略•Selectthepilotcitiesandtheprojectfocalareas选择示范城市：Chengdu&Qingdao成都、青岛及重点领域Implementationinpartnership:合作实施：–NDRC&municipalDRC国家/城市发改委–NCSC国家气候中心–Relevantadministrationsincities城市行业管理部门–Researchinstitutesatthenationalandcitylevels国家/城市的专业研究机构SLCinCHINA|POLICYPLATFORM中国项目|政策平台SocialEquity&QualityofLifePublichealthUniversalserviceaccessAccountablegovernanceAccessibilityCulturalidentityEconomicProsperityJobaccessInnovationEconomicgrowthEconomicresilienceEnvironmentalStewardshipResourceconsumptionWasteproductionGlobalemissionsInfrastructureresilience社会公平、生活质量•公共健康•公共服务•社会治理•文化内涵经济活跃：•就业•创新•绿色经济•适应性环境治理：•节约资源•降低废弃物产生•减少碳排放•基础设施适应性强SUSTAINABLEURBANISM可持续宜居城市的要素SLCinCHINA|AnOverview中国项目|项目概览SLCChinaTransport交通Energy能源Wastemanagement废弃物管理Water水MainOutputsLowcarbonblueprintguidelines低碳蓝图导则Demonstrationprojects示范项目Capacitybuilding能力建设Communication传播Policyrecommendationsatthenationallevel政策建议TRANSPORT交通Qingdao:`````````````````````````````````````````阶段I:成都市小汽车发展战略研究PhaseI:StudyoncarownershipstrategyinChengdu阶段II:成都市城市交通系统接驳整合一体化研究PhaseII:Integratemetro,BRT,buses,andpedestrianaccesstooptimizetheconnectionsandaccessibility.阶段III:推广成都的经验PhaseIII:DisseminateChengduexperiencesTRANSPORT|CHENGDU交通|成都WATER水Water-EnergyNexusinWastewaterSectorinChengdu成都污水处理中的水-能关联•WaterandEnergyarecloselyrelated.Creatingenergyconsumesenormousquantitiesofwaterwhilethetreatmentandmovingofwateralsotakeasignificantamountofenergy.•水资源和能源密切相关，能源的获取需要水，水的生产和污水处理的整个过程也需要大量的能源。•Purposeofthestudy:enhancingenergyefficiencyofwastewatersystemandreducingGHGemissionwhileensuringachievingpollutantreductiontargets.•目的：在实现污染物减排目标的前提下，提高成都污水处理系统能效，降低能耗，并减少温室气体的排放，获得污染物减排和污水处理系统低碳可持续发展的双赢。ScopeofWork/研究内容•Apolicyreviewonpollutantemissionreduction,waterresourcesmanagement,waterconservation,wastewatertreatmentfacilities,andreclaimedwaterismade,toidentifyconsiderationsontheenergyconsumptionforwastewatertreatmentinthepolicyscope.•梳理成都市现有污染物减排、水资源管理、节水管理、污水处理设施建设，以及再生水管理相关政策，识别污水处理系统中对能源问题的考虑程度和应对措施•PollutantemissionanddevelopmentofwastewatertreatmentsysteminChengduareanalyzedtofindthegapbetweenwastewatertreatmentcapacityandwastewaterdischarge.•分析成都目前的水污染状况以及污水处理设施建设发展现状，并对污染物排放及其百岁的污水处理设施发展需求进行预测•AbenchmarkisconductedfortheenergyefficiencyofwastewatersysteminChina,potentialenergysavingofChengduwastewatersystemisevaluated•对全国污水处理设施的能耗进行分析和评估，并将成都污水处理系统能耗与全国水平比较，发掘系统能效的提升空间。•Basedonscenarioanalysis(waterconservation,reclaimedwaterreuse,andWWTPupgrade)alowcarbonandsustainableroadmapofwastewatertreatmentsystemisdevelopedforChengdu•根据情景分析（节水、再生水利用，污水处理厂升级改造），为成都市建立低碳可持续发展的污水处理技术路线图ENERGY能源PartnercitiesGovernmentbuy-inBlueprintToolkitsDemoprojectsScalingup基准线Baseline情景分析ScenarioDevelopment设定和分解目标TargetSetting&Allocation技术路线图TechnologyRoadmap跟踪评估Performancetracking实施Implemen-tation现状分析ExistingConditionAnalysis规划蓝图的编制和实施过程Blueprintpreparationandimplementationprocess示范项目Demonstrationprojects规划蓝图Blueprints行动计划ActionPlan成都市低碳发展规划蓝图研究ChengduLCblueprintstudy