上海新世纪英语高二年级下学期Unit5教材精讲

上海新世纪英语高二年级下学期Unit5教材精讲1/9伴你成长高二新世纪（下）ModuleThreeExploringNatureUnit5GreatScientists知识要点1.重点单词单词词性中文含义衍生词相关常见短语qualificationn.资格v.qualificationHavequalificationforsth.在…有资格explainv.解释n.explanationExplainsth.Tosb.protestv.抗议Protestagainst抗议puzzlev.使困惑n.puzzlementToone’spuzzlement令人感到困惑的是awardv.授予Awardsb.thefirstprize授予…一等奖foundationn.基础v.foundLayasolidfoundationfor为…打下坚实基础companyn.陪伴v.accompanyKeepsb.company陪伴…involvev.涉及n.involvementBeinvolvedin涉及到ignorantAdj.无知的n.ignoranceBeignorantof对…感到一无所知survivev.幸存n.survivalSurvivetheaircrash在空难中幸存下来originn.起源Adj.originalTheoriginofsth.…的起源2.重点词组对……着迷befascinatedby在……过程中inthecourseof郑重对待take．．．seriously去世passaway留下leavebehind从事takeup大量的awealthof上台cometopower投入beinvolvedin实施carryout导致了leadto指出pointout3.重点句型Itis／was+被强调成分+that从句Itwasthe‘‘thoughtexperiment’’thathecarriedoutinhisheadthatledtoanew上海新世纪英语高二年级下学期Unit5教材精讲2/9understandingofspace，time,andgravity.正是他头脑中进行的这种“思维试验”最终带来了对宇宙，时间和引力的全新解释。4.重点语法TheInversion(1)倒装句（1）知识精讲1.qualifyv.(1)qualifysb．for／as／tobe使具备资格Thetrainingcoursewillqualifyyouas／tobeateacherinajuniorhighschool.参加这个培训课程之后你就可以做初级中学老师了。YourIDcardshouldqualifyyoutoliveindependentlyofyourparents.身份证应该使你有权利离开父母独立生活。(2)bequalifiedfor(经过训练，考试等)具备了资格的，合格的Ithinksheistheonequalifiedforthepost.我认为她是胜任这个职务的最佳人选。qualificationn．资格，资格证书Youhaveeveryqualificationforthejobexceptforyourimpatience．除了不够耐心外，他完全有资格胜任这份工作。2．explainv.解释explainsth.tosb.Wouldyoupleaseexplainthecauseoffireindetailtome?请详细地向我解释一下火灾的起因好吗？explanationn.anexplanationforsth．对……的解释Oneofhistheoriesprovidedanexplanationforthispuzzlingeffect.他的一个理论解释了这种令人费解的现象。3．protestv．(1)protestabout／against／at：expressstrongdisapproval,disagreementabout强烈抗议，反对Thestrikersprotestedagainstthecutoftheirwages．罢工者强烈抗议将他们的工资降低。(2)declaresolemnlyorfirmly严正声明Sheprotestedthatshewasnotinvolvedinthatrobbery．她坚持说她与抢劫案没有任何牵连。n．make／presentaprotestagainst／over／atsth．反对……4．puzzlevt.tomakesb．confused(1)sth．puzzlesb．whatpuzzledmemostwasthatheshoulddropoutofschool.令我感到疑惑的是他竟然辍学了。（2）bepuzzledatsth．Ifeelpuzzledatyourdisapprovalofthissuggestion.上海新世纪英语高二年级下学期Unit5教材精讲3/9我很困惑你竟然反对这个建议。puzzlementn．Tomypuzzlement,hequithisjob.令我感到疑惑的是，他辞职了.puzzlingadj．令人感到疑惑的puzzledadj．感到疑惑的apuzzlingeffect一个令人困惑的效果Hispuzzledlooksuggeststhatheknowsnothingaboutourplan.他疑惑的表情说明了他对我们的计划一无所知。5．awardv．togive，esp．astheresultofanofficialdecision授予，颁发，给予awardsb．sth．／awardsth．tosb．Hewasawardedtheprizeforbeingthefastestrunner.他因为跑得快，所以获得奖牌。Thejudgeawardedalargesumofmoneytothevictimsoftheexplosion.法官把一大笔钱判给了爆炸中的受害者。awardn.Theawardoftheyear’sbestactorwenttoJackNicholson.本年度最佳男演员奖由杰克获得。6．foundationn.basis基础，根据Actionshouldbetakentolayasolidfoundationforyourfuturelife．应该采取措施为将来的生活打下坚实的基础。foundv.setup建立，创建Itwasnotuntil1992thatthiscompanywasfounded．直到1992年这家公司才被建立.7．companyn.(1)beingtogetherwithothers陪伴Ienjoymystudents’company.我喜欢跟学生们在一起。(2)keepsb.company陪伴某人Oneisknownbythecompanyonekeeps.察其友知其人。Motherbeingill，Iwillstayhomeandkeephercompany．妈妈病了，我要呆在家里陪伴她。(3)公司v.Ireallyappreciateyouraccompanyingmehome.很感激你陪我回家。8．involvev.(1)beinvolvedin：becloselyconnectedwithsomeactivities投入于，卷入到Sincethewarbrokeout，hehasbeeninvolvedinthepeacemovement.自从战争爆发以来，他一直投入于和平运动中。Hecan’thelpbeinginvolvedinthiscase.他情不自禁地卷入到这起案子中来。(2)involvesth.牵涉到，包含……Takingthejobinvolveslivingabroad.接受这项工作就一定要住在国外。9．ignorantadj.1ackingknowledge无知的beignorantofsth.上海新世纪英语高二年级下学期Unit5教材精讲4/9Heisignorantofwhat'shappening．他对正在发生的事情一无所知。ignorancen．You’renotallowedtotakeadvantageofhisignorancetocheathim.你不准利用他的无知来欺骗他。10．survivev．(1)survivefrom／surviveon：continuetoliveorexist继续生存或存在Somecustomshavesurvivedfromancienttimes．有些风俗习惯源远流长。Ifindithardtosurviveon$30aweek．我觉得靠每周30美元难以生存。(2)remainaliveorexistaftersomethingdisastrous幸存下来(注：此含义只有及物用法)Itwasawonderthatmywholefamilysurvivedthatearthquake．我全家都幸免于那次地震，真是个奇迹。Thiskindofflowercan'tsurvivethefrost．这种花不禁霜冻。(3)outlivesb．比……活得长Shesurvivedallherchildren，whichmakesherfeellonelyandsad．她所有的孩子都先她去世，这使她感到孤独且伤。survivaln.11．originn.thestartingpoint起源Theoriginofthisbeliefisunknowntous．我们都不知道这个信仰的起源。originaladj.原始的originatev．发源，创始Herbookoriginatedfromashortstory．他的那本书取材于一篇短篇小说。12．toomuch(1)toomuch+不可数名词Hefounditdifficulttodealwithtoomuchinformationinsuchashorttime．他觉得很难在短时间内处理太多的信息。(2)betoomuchforsb．Suchalongtripistoomuchforanoldmanlikemygrandfather.对像我外公这样的老人来说，这样的长途旅行是吃不消的。muchtoo+adj.／adv.Thisarticleismuchtoodifficultformetotranslate．翻译这篇文章对我来说太难了。分层练习A.基础练习I.Spelling.a.FillintheblankswithawordusingthehintsofitsEnglishdefinition.1.expressstrongdisagreementP__________2．beingtogetherwithotherse__________3．confusinganddifficulttounderstandp___________4．Basisf___________5．toattract，tocatchtheattentionofpeoplef___________上海新世纪英语高二年级下学期Unit5教材精讲5/9b.Fillintheblankswiththewordsfromthetext.Thefirstletterofthewordhasbeengiven.6.AlbertEinsteinwasb________ofJewishparentsin1897inGermanyandhedidbadlyinmostsubjectsatschool．7.Aftergettingateachingq_________fromthepolytechnic，Einsteintookapostasajuniorc_______inanoffice．8.Itwasthe“thoughtexperiments”thathec______outinhisheadthatledtoanewunderstandingofspace,tim