单相恒压恒频逆变器的设计

毕业设计单相恒压恒频逆变器的设计学生姓名：****学号：*********系别：电气工程系专业：电气工程及其自动化指导教师：******评阅教师：论文答辩日期答辩委员会主席I摘要随着现代科学技术的迅速发展，逆变电源的应用越来越广泛，各行各业对其性能的要求也越来越高。单相正弦逆变电源是将直流电逆变成单相交流电的装置，它可将蓄电池逆变成交流电，为用电器提供交流电，也可作为计算机的UPS电源等。本文首先介绍了逆变电源技术的应用与发展，分类与性能，及其控制技术。并在此基础上进行了方案论证，选取了合理的方案，以实现将12V直流电源升压为320V/50kHz的高频交流电，再经过整流滤波将高频交流电整流为高压直流电，然后采用正弦波脉宽调制法，通过脉冲控制IGBT的导通时间及顺序生成PWM波形，最后经过LC工频滤波电路，输出稳定的220V/50Hz标准正弦波电压，以达到供负载使用的目的。本文基于已选定方案为前提进行了各部分电路的设计与分析，完成了主电路及相应的输入输出保护电路的设计，并进行了参数计算，分别简要介绍了各部分的原理，阐述了产生SPWM波的实现办法，以及基于DSP的系统软件设计和实现方案。同时利用MATLAB建立了单相逆变器的仿真模型，对其进行了仿真和实验，从各种情况下的试验结果可以看出，通过该逆变电路而得到的单相正弦波稳定性高且失真度小，设计成功。关键词：逆变电源，整流，滤波，正弦脉宽调制IIAbstractWiththerapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology,theapplicationofinverterpowersupplyismoreandmoreextensive,andtherequirementofallwalksoflifeonitishigherandhigher.Single-phasesineinverterpowersupplyisthedevicewhichcanreverseDCintosingle-phaseACpower.ItcanreversethebatteryintoACwhichcanbeusedbyappliances,anditcanalsobeusedasthecomputerUPSpowersupplyetc.Thispaperfirstintroducestheapplicationanddevelopmentoftheinverterpowersupplytechnology,itsclassificationandperformance,anditscontroltechnology.Onthisbasis,thedemonstrationprogramhasbeendone.Itselectsthereasonablesolutiontoachievethe12VDCpowersupplyboostingfor320V/50kHzhighfrequencyalternatingcurrent,whichtherectifierfilterwillrectifyitforhighvoltageDC.ThenusetheSPWMmethodtocontroltheconductiontimeandsequenceoftheIGBTbyoutputtingPWMwavesgenerated,finally,afterLCindustrialfrequencyfiltering,theoutputofthestable220V/50Hzquasi-sinewaveofvoltagewillachievethepurposeofloaduse.Basedontheselectedprogram,thispaperhasdonethedesignandanalysisofeachcircuitandhascompletedthedesignofthemaincircuitandthecorrespondinginputandoutputprotectioncircuitsandparametercalculation.Theprincipleofeachparthasbeenbrieflyintroduced,therealizationmethodofproducingSPWMwaveandthesystembasedonDSPsoftwaredesignhavebeenelaborated.AtthesametimeuseMATLABestablishedasinglephaseinvertersimulationmodelforthesimulationandexperiment,fromallkindsofcasesofthetestresultscanbeseenthroughtheinvertercircuitsandgetsingle-phasesinewavehighstabilityanddistortiondegreeofsmall,thedesignissuccessful.Keywords：Inverterpowersource,rectification,filter,SPWMIII目录摘要..................................................IAbstract................................................II1绪言1.1课题背景.......................................................11.2逆变器的性能分析...............................................11.3逆变器数字控制技术.............................................21.4逆变器的分类...................................................31.5本文主要研究内容...............................................32方案论证2.1逆变方案.......................................................42.2逆变控制方案...................................................52.3本章小结.......................................................63SPWM输出3.1SPWM波的基本原理.............................................73.2基于DSP实现SPWM............................................83.2.1SG系列单片机生成SPWM波原理..............................83.2.2SPWM波生成方法..........................................103.3本章小结......................................................104电路设计及参数计算4.1直流变换电路的设计............................................114.2全桥逆变电路设计..............................................124.2.1IGBT模块的选择...........................................124.2.2逆变电桥电路设计...........................................124.2.3原件参数计算...............................................134.3逆变电桥的吸收缓冲电路设计....................................144.3.1缓冲电路的作用.............................................144.3.2电路设计及其原理...........................................154.3.3参数计算与元件选择.........................................164.4LC滤波电路电路设计...........................................17IV4.4.1滤波电路及原理.............................................174.4.2参数计算...................................................184.5控制电路设计..................................................194.6辅助电源设计..................................................214.7死区时间的设置................................................214.8本章小结......................................................225保护电路的设计5.1防反接保护电路................................................235.2输入过压保护电路的设计........................................245.3输入欠压保护电路的设计........................................245.4输出过流保护电路的设计........................................255.5输出过压保护电路的设计........................................265.6IGBT的短路保护..............................................275.7本章小结......................................................286MATLAB仿真6.1仿真模型建立..................................................296.1.1满阻性负载仿真.............................................296.1.2空载仿真...................................................306.1.3感性负载仿真...............................................316.1.4感性负载仿真...............................................326.2本章小结......................................................337总结与展望..........................................34致谢.................................................35参考文献...............................................36附录