Chapter03曼昆经济学

59Chapter3InterdependenceandtheGainsfromTradeMULTIPLECHOICE1.Peoplewhoprovideyouwithgoodsandservicesa.areactingoutofgenerosity.b.areactingbecausetheylikeyou.c.dosobecausetheygetsomethinginreturn.d.arerequiredtodosobygovernment.ANSWER:c.dosobecausetheygetsomethinginreturn.TYPE:MSECTION:1DIFFICULTY:12.Aranchercanproduceonlyhamburgers,andafarmercanproduceonlyfrenchfries.Therancherandthefarmerbothlikebothfoods.Theya.cannotgainfromtrade.b.couldgainfromtradeundercertaincircumstances,butnotalways.c.couldgainfromtradebecauseeachwouldenjoyagreatervarietyoffood.d.couldgainfromtradeonlyifeachwereindifferentbetweenhamburgersandfrenchfries.ANSWER:c.couldgainfromtradebecauseeachwouldenjoyagreatervarietyoffood.TYPE:MSECTION:1DIFFICULTY:23.Regangrowsflowersandmakesceramicvases.Jaysonalsogrowsflowersandmakesvases,butReganisbetteratproducingboth.Inthiscase,tradecoulda.benefitbothJaysonandRegan.b.benefitJayson,butnotRegan.c.benefitRegan,butnotJayson.d.notbenefitJaysonnorRegan.ANSWER:a.benefitbothJaysonandRegan.TYPE:MSECTION:1DIFFICULTY:24.Withouttradea.acountryisbetteroffbecauseitwillbecomeself-sufficient.b.acountry’sproductionpossibilitiesfrontierisalsoitsconsumptionpossibilitiesfrontier.c.acountrycanstillbenefitfrominternationalspecialization.d.moreproductvarietyisavailableinacountry.ANSWER:b.acountry’sproductionpossibilitiesfrontierisalsoitsconsumptionpossibilitiesfrontier.TYPE:MSECTION:1DIFFICULTY:25.Withtradeaa.countryisworseoffbecauseitbecomesdependentonothercountries.b.countrywillproduceagreatervarietyofgoodsandservicestotrade.c.country’sconsumptionpossibilitiesfrontiercanbeoutsideitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.d.countrywillexperiencealowerunemploymentrate.ANSWER:c.country’sconsumptionpossibilitiesfrontiercanbeoutsideitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.TYPE:MSECTION:1DIFFICULTY:26.Acountry’sconsumptionpossibilitiesfrontiercanbeoutsideitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontierifa.additionalresourcesbecomeavailable.b.thereisanincreaseintheleveloftechnology.c.thecountryengagesintrade.d.Alloftheabovearecorrect.e.Bothaandbarecorrect.ANSWER:c.thecountryengagesintrade.TYPE:MSECTION:1DIFFICULTY:360Chapter3/InterdependenceandtheGainsfromTrade7.Aproductionpossibilitiesfrontierwillbelinearandnotbowedoutifa.notradeoffsexist.b.thetradeoffbetweenthetwogoodsisalwaysataconstantrate.c.unemploymentiszero.d.resourcesareallocatedefficiently.ANSWER:b.thetradeoffbetweenthetwogoodsisalwaysataconstantrate.TYPE:MSECTION:1DIFFICULTY:28.Thedifferencebetweenproductionpossibilitiesfrontiersthatarebowedoutandthosethatarelinearisthata.bowedoutproductionpossibilitiesfrontiersillustratetradeoffswherelinearproductionpossibilitiesfrontiersdonot.b.bowedoutproductionpossibilitiesfrontiersshowincreasingopportunitycostwherelinearonesshowconstantopportunitycost.c.bowedoutproductionpossibilitiesfrontiersaretheresultofperfectlyshiftableresourceswherelinearproductionpossibilitiesfrontiersarenot.d.linearproductionpossibilitiesfrontiersillustraterealworldconditionsmorethanbowedoutproductionpossibilitiesfrontiers.ANSWER:b.bowedoutproductionpossibilitiesfrontiersshowincreasingopportunitycostwherelinearonesshowconstantopportunitycost.TYPE:MSECTION:1DIFFICULTY:39.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?a.Tradeallowsforspecialization.b.Tradeisgoodfornations.c.Tradeisbasedonabsoluteadvantage.d.Tradeallowsindividualstoconsumeoutsideoftheirindividualproductionpossibilitiescurve.ANSWER:c.Tradeisbasedonabsoluteadvantage.TYPE:MSECTION:2DIFFICULTY:210.IflaborinMexicoislessproductivethanlaborintheUnitedStatesinallareasofproduction,a.neithernationcanbenefitfromtrade.b.MexicocanbenefitfromtradebuttheUnitedStatescannot.c.Mexicowillnothaveacomparativeadvantageinanygood.d.bothnationscanbenefitfromtrade.ANSWER:d.bothnationscanbenefitfromtrade.TYPE:MSECTION:2DIFFICULTY:2LaborHoursNeededtoMake1Poundof:Poundsproducedin40hours:MeatPotatoesMeatPotatoesFarmer82520Rancher4510811.Accordingtothetable,theopportunitycostof1poundofmeatforthefarmerisa.1/4houroflabor.b.4hoursoflabor.c.4poundsofpotatoes.d.1/4poundofpotatoes.ANSWER:c.4poundsofpotatoes.TYPE:MSECTION:2DIFFICULTY:3Chapter3/InterdependenceandtheGainsfromTrade6112.Accordingtothetable,theopportunitycostof1poundofmeatfortherancherisa.4hoursoflabor.b.5hoursoflabor.c.5/4poundsofpotatoes.d.4/5poundofpotatoes.ANSWER:d.4/5poundofpotatoes.TYPE:MSECTION:2DIFFICULTY:313.Accordingtothetable,theopportunitycostof1poundofpotatoesforthefarmerisa.8hoursoflabor.b.2hoursoflabor.c.4poundsofmeat.d.1/4poundofmeat.ANSWER:d.1/4poundofmeat.TYPE:MSECTION:2DIFFICULTY:314.Accordingtothetable,theopportunitycostof1poundofpotatoesfortherancherisa.4hoursoflabor.b.5hoursoflabor.c.5/4poundsofmeat.d.4/5poundofmeat.ANSWER:c.5/4poundsofmeat.TYPE:MSECTION:2DIFFICULTY:315.Accordingtothetable,theFarmerhasanabsoluteadvantageina.meat,andtheRancherhasanabsoluteadvantageinpotatoes.b.potatoes,andtheRancherhasanabsoluteadvantageinmeat.c.meat,andtheRancherhasanabsoluteadvantageinmeat.d.neithergood,andtheRancherhasanabsoluteadvantageinbothgoods.ANSWER:b.potatoes,andtheRancherhasanabsoluteadva