高中英语必修一unit4黑体单词及短语讲解

Unit4WordsandExpressions1.rightaway立刻；马上例句：警察马上就要来了。Thepolicewillbehererightaway.atonce立刻；马上rightnow现在；立刻immediatelyadv.立刻；马上2.burstvi.(burst---burst---burst)爆裂；爆发burstin/intoadoor/room/building突然进入门/房间/大楼①他没有敲门就突然进入房间.Heburstintotheroomwithoutknockingatthedoor.burstintosth.=burstoutdoing突然…起来Theplanecrashedandburstintoflames.②飞机坠毁起火了.Allofthemburstoutlaughing/crying/singing.③他们全都突然笑起来/哭起来/唱起来.=Allofthemburstintolaughter/tears/songs.burstout+v-ing:suddenlybegindoingsth扩展:burstintoleafbursintoflower长出叶子开花n.aburstof...一阵...aburstoflaughter/thunder/applause(欢呼）①Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.世界似乎到了末日。3.asif=asthough好像…②Shespoketomeasifsheknewme.她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。1)虚拟语气（说话者主观想象或夸大的比喻）▲与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去式与过去事实相反，从句要用完成式Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifitwerebroken．①当铅笔一部分放进水里，看起来好像折断了似的。asif后的从句可用两种语气2)陈述语气,时态一致Itlooksasifit`sgoingtorain．②看样子天要下雨了。(陈述语气)（是事实或可能性很大）②他吓得直打哆嗦，就好像看见了鬼一样。Hewasshakingwithfrightasifhehadseenaghost.4.atanend=finished结束，终结（作表语）★Wewereveryhappywhentheworkwasatanend.Compare:attheendofbytheendofintheend★attheendof“在…尽头；在…末”★bytheendof“到/截止……末”；主句一般用完成时★intheend意思“最后、终于”=atlast/finally①Washyourhands_______________theexperiment.②HowmanyEnglishwordshadyoulearned____________lastterm?③Hetriedvariousjobsand________becameateacher.attheendofbytheendofintheendbring/putanendto使终止cometoanend结束endupwith以….而告终其他词组：①Thejobcametoanendlastmonth.②她的忽然来到使他们的会议终止了。Hersuddenarrivalputanendtotheirmeeting.③在宴会上，开始的一道菜通常是汤，最后的一道是水果。Atthedinnerweusuallybeginwithsoupandendupwithfruit.5.ruinn.废墟；毁灭例句：我们看到了那座教堂的废墟。Wesawtheruinsofthechurch.Vt.毁灭；使破坏暴风雨毁坏了庄稼。Thestormruinedthecrops.inruins荒芜的,成为废墟一般用作表语或状语lie/beinruins成为废墟Anearthquakeleftthewholetowninruins.Hiscareerisinruins.6.injurevt.损害；伤害①他打篮球时膝盖受伤了。Heinjuredhiskneewhen(hewas)playingbasketball.②撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。Threepeoplewerekilledandfiveinjuredinthecrash.injuryn.损害；伤害injuredadj.受伤的7.destroyvt.破坏；毁坏；消灭①这场火灾毁坏了整个森林。Thefiredestroyedthewholeforest.②他所有的希望都破灭了。Allhishopesweredestroyed.Thestorm_________buildingsandcrops.（毁灭）destroyed8.shockn.休克；震惊；打击例句：他的突然去世对他的家庭来说是个沉重的打击。Hissuddendeathwasagreatshocktohisfamily.vt.使震惊使震动beshockedat对……感到震惊•People__________(shock).•我们对这个消息感到震惊。wereshockedWe__________________thenews.wereshockedatThenewsis___________(shock)shocking表示情感的动词excite,surprise,interest,bore,move,shock,disappoint,satisfy,(惊讶，兴趣，乏味，感动，失望，满意）变为形容词时可加ing(指物）或加ed(指人）9.rescuen.搭救；解救;营救Therescueteamreachedtheminesatonceaftertheaccidenthappened.v.解救；救出；营救Herescuedthemanfromdrowning.rescueworkers=rescuersn.come/gotoone’srescue来援救某人We________________（来救他）andpulledhimoutofthelake.cametohisrescue10.trapVt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套betrappedin被困于例句：他们被困于着火的楼里。Theyaretrappedintheburningbuilding.trapsb.into（doing）sth.诱使某人做某事例句：警察设圈套使他招供。Thepolicetrappedhimintoaconfession.n.圈套设圈套，设陷阱setatrapThehuntersetatraptocatchfoxes.11.digout掘出；发现①他们挖出了一个旧花瓶。Theydugoutanoldvase.②我设法探出真相。Itriedtodigoutthetruth.diginto挖掘digup找出；查明8.buryvt.埋葬;葬Theboyburiedthedeadbirdinthebackyard.男孩们把死鸟埋在后院。vt.使沉浸（或专心于）beburiedin…=buryoneselfin…埋头于;专心于beburiedinthought沉思buryoneselfinstudy埋头研究；专心学习22.表示许多的短语及用法只接可数名词的有：alarge/greatnumberofagood/greatmany只接不可数名词的有：agreatdealofalargeamountof既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词的有：alotof，lotsof，plentyof，alarge/greatquantityof