宾语从句讲解课件

TheObjectClause宾语从句1.宾语从句的概念;2.宾语从句的分类;3.宾语从句的用法;3学习目标:掌握宾语从句的三要素：引导词、语序、时态中考重点考查的要点哟！1.宾语从句的概念;2.宾语从句的分类;3.宾语从句的用法;1.Iknow(that)heisfromEngland.2.Wehope(that)hewillcomebacksoon.3.Iwanttoknowifitwillraintomorrow.4.Pleasetellmewhocanplaybasketball.5.Wearetalkingaboutwhatweshoulddonext.6.Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanhelpothers.通俗地讲,宾语从句就是在一个句子中充当动词或介词宾语的句子。由从属连词that引导的宾语从句由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句由连接代词what,who,whom,which,whose引导的宾语从句和由连接副词where,how,when,why引导的宾语从句宾语从句的用法：宾语从句的引导词；宾语从句的语序；宾语从句的时态；宾语从句的引导词由从属连词that引导的宾语从句由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句由连接代词what,who,whom,which,whose引导的宾语从句和由连接副词where,how,when,why引导的宾语从句注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略.1.Ihear(that)___________________________.（他想买一辆新车）2.Hesays(that)____________________________.（他明天回来）3.Wehope(that)__________________________.（他会赢得这场比赛）hewantstobuyanewcar.hewillcomebacktomorrow.hewillwinthematch.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句注：“Whether”,“if”在从句中不充当任何成分，可译成：“是否”。1.Iwanttoknow________________________________（他是否跟我们一起去）2.I’llaskhim____________________________________.（明天他是否能来）3.Idon’tknow__________________________________.（是否要下雨）if(whether)hewillgowithus.whether(if)hecancometomorrowWhether(if)itisgoingtorain.1.当句中有ornot时，ornot可紧跟whether后，也可置于句末；若用if引导词法，只能放在句末：*Iwanttoknowwhether(if)hecancomehereornot.*Idon’tknowwhetherornothewillwinthistime.2.在介词后面,引导词只能用whether而不能用if.*We’retalkingaboutwhetherhecanfinishtheworkintime.whether与if的不同用法：一般情况下，if常用于口语，whether多用于书面语，二者可以互换，但在下列情况下只能用whether。Ican’tdecidewhethertojointhem.Wedon’tknowwhethertotellhimthenews.3.Whether后可接动词不定式短语，而if不能.由连接代词what,who，whom,which,whose和连接副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句1.Heasked__________________________________.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Doyouknow__________________________.他们在做什么？）3.Heasked________________________。（谁的故事是最好的）4.Pleasetellme___________________________.我们什么时候开会）whocouldanswerthequestionwhattheyaredoingwhosestorywasthebestwhenwe’llhaveameeting（作主语）（作宾语）作定语时间状语5.Canyoutellme_______________?（他在哪儿?）6.Couldyoutellme_____________________?（我该怎么去公园?）7.Wouldyoutellme___________________?（为什么火车迟到了?）howIcangettotheparkwhythetrainislatewhereheis地点状语原因状语方式状语特点：在宾语从句中既起引导词的作用，同时在从句中又充当一定的成分。连接代词what,who,whom,which,whose连接副词when,where,how,why宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都要运用陈述句的语序，即“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。公式：引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其它……1.Couldyoutellme______________________________?（我怎样到达动物园）2.Pleasetellme_____________________.（他来自哪里）3.Doyouknow______________________?（我们什么时候可以回家）4.Pleasetellme_____________________.（他的学校在哪里）howIcangettothezoowherehecomesfromwhenwecangohomewherehisschoolis3.时态的变化.当主句是一般现在时时，宾语从句的时态不受限制，可以根据实际需要来确定具体的时态。a.Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkyesterday.b.Hesays(that)wearegoingtovisitBeijingnextweek.c.Weallknowthathewassleepingatthistimeyesterday.d.Let’sfindoutwhobrokethewindowjustnow.当主句是一般过去时的时候，____________________________________________________________________________________hewouldgotoXi’an.hewasillyesterday.Hesaid(that)hewasreadingabook.hehadsupperathome.宾语从句必须用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。当宾语从句说明的是客观事实、自然现象、科学真理等时，从句不受主句限制，用一般现在时态。a.Theteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthesun.b.Theteachertoldus(that)themanisaworker.c.Myfathersaid(that)thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.主句从句现在时态范畴一般过去时态当从句所叙述的是客观事实、自然现象和科学真理____________________________________________。根据实际需要选择相应的任何时态相应的过去时态从句不受主句的限制，仍用一般现在时宾语从句应用过程中需注意的两个问题：•标点符号问题;•用so代替一个宾语从句的情况。标点符号宾语从句末尾的标点符号由主句决定，不受从句的限制。如果主句是陈述句或者是祈使句时用句号；而主句是疑问句时，句末则用问号。1.Heaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelphim.2.Pleasetellmewhichcoloryoulikebest.3.DoyouknowwhereLiPingis?4.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotheshop?5.Wouldyoupleasetellmehowyouworkedoutthemathproblem?•在hope,believe,guess,tell,say,beafraid等后面可以用so替代宾语从句。1.----Theradiosaysit’llbesunnytomorrow.-----Ihopeso.Weplantogoswimming.2.----Youareallhard-working.-----Thankyouforsayingso.宾语从句定义类型用法在句子中充当宾语的句子that无意义，不成分if/Whether有意义，不成分连接代词连接副词有意义，作成分引导词语序（陈述语序）时态主过去，从过去从句叙述真理、事实、自然现象，仍一般。解题方法：先分析从句，看是否缺少成分，然后根据句子的意思和连接词在从句中的作用作出选择.中考链接一：考查宾语从句的引导词()1.-----There’saredcaroverhere.Doyouknow___itis?AWhatBwhoCWhoseDwhom()2.Wewanttoknow____LiuXiangwill______themeeting.Awhether,attendBthat,attendCwhether,joinDthat,join()3.—Canyoutellme____itisfromheretotheSummerPalace?AhowlongBHowsoonChowfarDhowmuchCAC一律为陈述句语序解题方法：注意：当从句的原句为以下句子及what,who作主语时，语序不变：What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whathappened?a.Idon’tknowwhat’sthematterwithhim.b.Canyoutellmewhoissingingintheroom?c.Idon’tknowwhat’shappeningoverthere.d.Canyoutellmewhathappenedtohimjustnow?中考链接二：宾语从句的语序1.----Doyouknow_______?----Sorry,Idon’tknow.A.wheredoesJimworkB.B.whereJimworks.c.howdoesJimgotoworkD.WhatdoesJimdo2.Hedoesn’tunderstand________.A.whichisthewaytothemuseum.B.whyhiswifeoftengoesshoppingC.whatisthewaytothemuseum.D.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping.BB解题方法：1.主句用一般现在时，宾语从句可以根据实际情况选用各种时态.2.主句用一般过去时，宾语从句要用与之相对应的过去时态。（从句表示客观真理、自然现象时除外）中考链接三：考查宾语从句的时态（）1.---Ithinkhe_____inthelibrarynow.AwasreadingB.willreadCreadsDisreading()2.Tomsaidhe____backinaweek.（2007四川）AwillcomeBwouldcomeCcome()3.Idon’tknowifit____tomorrow.Ifit___,I’llstayathome.AWillrain,rainsBrains,willrainCwillrain,willrainDrains,rainsDBA1.The