光纤传感器在土木工程中的应用-周智

325　　　20025＊(59625815)。＊周　智　田石柱　欧进萍(　150090)[]　、、。,(),,。[]　　　()Thetheoryofopticalfibersensorsandtheirapplicationsincivilengineeringareclarified.Someproblemsinpresentareanalyzedandsomepossibleanswerstothemarealsogiven.Finally,thewonderfulprospectissetforth.Keywords:opticalfibersensor;civilengineering;structuraltesting;nondestructivetesting　　、,、、、、、、、,,,。,。,、、、,。1989Mendez。、、,[5,6]。,,[4,5]:、;、、,;,;,,;,;;;。、1。,(Maxswell)。,。,,,,。。1　　　　,,,。,[6]。,。1.,,2。2　　Ii,,,,I0,ID,。:、、、65。,,。,,,,。,,、、、、[6]。、、。,,,(、、[2,3])。2.[3],,,,。,。:(1)(Michelson)　3,:,;,。,。,,,。(2)-(Mach-Zehnder)　4,,,,,。3　(3)-(Fabry-Perot)(F-P)　,。F-P。,、、,。5F-P。3.(Bragg),,。。　　4.,(、、)。,。,,。4　-　5　F-P　、Mendez,、、、,,。IMAC,(SOFO),Schiffenen、Ver-soix、Meosa,[10-13]。RoctestF-P。1.()()。HostyHabelGottleubaSchmalwasser[8]。VermontHuston,Fuhr6000m2,。、、,、、、、,[5]。Leung,Elvin,OlsonMorse,Hel,,OTDR66,,0.2mm。[9]。2.、、,、,。,:(1)　,,,[18]、[15,16]。,,OTDR[7,17]。Kurashima(1997)[17],OTDR,。(2)　、,,。Kruschwitz(EFOI),,[18]。Vries(1995)[19]TurnerFairbanks,。Ansari(1998)[20],,,。(3)　Measure[21]1993Calgurg,。21t,、,。3.、、、,、。,,。,。Doyle,Fernan-do[22]BP,。4.。,()。OTDR。,。Huston[5]。5.FuhrVer-mont。,。、(1996)F-P;(1998)[7],。、,,。、,()。:1.(),(),(),,。,、,。[7]。,:1),,,,;2),;3),、;4),;5),、,。2.,,。,,,67,,,。,。[7],,。3.、。、,,。,:ε1=2ε0E1/(E1+E2):ε1,ε0,E1,E2。,,,。,、,。。4.,,、,。SiO2,,。,。Es-cobar,5,,,。5.,0.1με。,(、),,。。Alavie1994:8000με,0～2000με320000,。,,(、)。、,、、()、,,。,。1...21.:9“”.:,1996.2....,1996.3.AnsariF.Applicationsoffiberopticsensorsinengineeringmechan-ics.ASCE,NewYork,1993.4.StureS.Structuralcontrol:pastpresentandfuture.SpecialIssue,J.ofEngineeringMechanics,1997,123(9).5.MerzbacherCI,KerseyADetal.Fiberopticsensorsinconcretestructures:areview,smartmater.Struct.,1996,5:196-208.6.TennysonRC,CoroyT,DuckGetal.Fiberopticsensorsincivilengineeringstructures.Can.J.Civ.Eng.,2000,27:880-889.7...,1998.8.HolstA,HabelW,LessingRetal.Fiber-opticintensity-modulatedsensorsforcontinuousobservationofconcreteandrock-filldams.SPIE,1stEuropeanConf.OnSmartStructuresandMaterials,Glas-gow,1992.9.LeungCKY,ElvinN,OlsonNetal.Opticalfibercracksensorforconcretestructures.SPIE,1997,3042.10.KronenbergP,CasalettaN,InaudiDetal.Dammonitoringwithfiberopticsdeformationsensors.SPIE,1997,3043.11.VurpillotS,CasanovaN,InaudiDetal.Bridgespatialdisplacementwith100fiberopticsensorsdeformations:sensorsnetworkandpre-liminaryresults.SPIE,1997,3043.12.InaudiD,CasanovaN,KronenbergPetal.Railwaybridgemonitor-ingduringconstructionandsliding.SPIE,1997,3043:58-64.13.InaudiD,CasanovaN,KronenbergPetal.Embeddedandsurfacemountedfiberopticsensorsforcivilstructuralmonitoring.SPIE,1997,3044:236-243.14.HustonDR,FuhrPL,KajenskiPJetal.Installationandprelimi-naryresultsfromfiberopticsensorsembeddedinaconcretebuild-ing.1stEuropeanConf.onSmartStructuresandMaterials.Glasgow1992:409-413.15.VaziriM,ChenCL.Opticalfiberstrainsensorswithasymmetricetchedstructures.AppliedOptics,1993,32(31):6399-6406.16.VaziriM,CoanR,ChenCL.Etchedfibersforstrainandvibrationmeasurements.In:Applicationsoffiberopticsensorsinengineeringmechanics.EditedbyFarhadAnsari,PublishedbyASCE,1993.17.KurashimaT,UsuT,TanakaKetal.Applicationoffiberopticdis-tributedsensorforstrainmeasurementincivilengineering.SPIE,1997,3241:247-258.18.KruschB,ClausRO,MurphyKAetal.Opticalfibersensorforthequantitativemeasurementofstraininconcretestructures.1stEuro-peanConf.OnSmartStructuresandMaterials,Glasgow,1992.19.deVriesMJ,HatiaVB,ClassROetal.ApplicationsofabsoluteEFOIfiberopticsensingsystemformeasurementofstraininpre-tensionedtendonsforprestainedconcrete.SPIE,1995,2446:9-15.20.AnsariF,ChenZ,LiQ.Amultiplexedopticalfibersensorsystemfordistributedmeasurementofstructuralstrains.MaterialsRe-searchSocietySymp.Proceeding,1998,503:119-130.21.MeasuresRM,AlavieATetal.Astructurallyintegratedbragggratinglasersensingsystemforacarbonfiberprestressedconcretehighwaybridge.SmartMaterialsStructure,1995,4:20-30.22.DoyleC,FernandoG.Conditionmonitoringengineeringmaterialswithanopticalfiber.SPIE,1997,3024:310-318.68