Pride-and-Prejudice傲慢与偏见简介英国文学

BiographicalIntroductionFamilybackground:wasborninacountryclergyman’sfamilyandwasbroughtupinanintelligentbutrestrictedenvironment.Education:Throughawidereadingofbooksavailableinherfather’slibrary,Janeacquiredathroughknowledgeof18thcenturyliterature.Life:shelivedaquiet,retiredanduneventfullife.Andherclosestcompanionwashereldersister,wholikesher,nevermarried.Writing:shebeganasachildtowritenovelsforfamilyentertainment.Herworkswerepublishedanonymouslyduetotheprejudiceagainstwomenwritersthen.Thehousewhereshelived,Chawton,HampshireJaneAusten’sHouseatChawtonPersuasion1818Emma1816NorthangerAbbey1818MajorworksHerliteraryachievementsMansfieldPark1814PrideandPrejudice1813SenseandSensibility1811Sense&SensibilityMansfieldParkEmmaPersuasionNorthangerAbbeyPride&PrejudiceShewrote6novels:“SenseandSensibility”《理智与情感》（1811）“PrideandPrejudice”《傲慢与偏见》（1813）“MansfieldPark”《曼斯菲尔德庄园》（1814）“Emma”《艾玛》（1816）“NorthangerAbbey”《诺桑觉寺》（1818）“Persuasion”《劝导》（1818）Austen’sWritingFeaturesInstyle,sheisaneoclassicaladvocator,upholdingthosetraditionalideasoforder,reason,proportionandgracefulnessinnovelwriting.Shebelievesinthepredominanceofreasonoverpassion,thesenseofresponsibility,goodmannersandclear-sightedjudgmentsovertheRomantictendenciesofemotionandindividualityAusten’sliteraryconcernAusten’smainliteraryconcernisabouthumanbeingsintheirpersonalrelationships.Austenshowsahumanbeingnotatmomentsofcrisis,butinthemosttrivialincidentsofeverydaylife.Austenisparticularlypreoccupiedwiththerelationshipbetweenmenandwomeninlove.Storiesofloveandmarriageprovidethemajorthemesinallhernovels.(marryformaterialwealthandsocialposition;marryforbeautyandpassion;marryfortruelove)Austen’sliteraryconcernAsanovelistJaneAustenwriteswithinaverynarrowsphere.Thesubjectmatter,thecharacterrange,thephysicalsetting,socialsetting,andplotsareallrestrictedtotheprovincialorvillagelifeofthe19thcenturyEngland.(somefamilythings,dancingparties,teaparties,picnicsandgossips).Butwithaclosestudyofthecharactersandsetting,shecanportraythemwithabsoluteaccuracyandsureness.Shedepictedtheeverydaylifeofthefamiliesofbiggerorsmallerlandlordsandclergymen,withtheinterestcenteredchieflyupontheloveandmarriageoftheyoungandthenot-so-youngfolk,describingindetailtheirordinaryconversations,walks,drives,teas,dances,visits,picnics,journeysandothercommonactivities.WalterScottpraisedher:“ThatyoungladyhasatalentfordescribingtheinvolvementsandfeelingsandcharactersofordinarylifewhichistomethemostwonderfulIevermetwith.Thebig-wowstrainIcandomyself,likeanynowgoing;buttheexquisitetouchwhichrendersordinarycommonplacethingsandcharactersinterestingfromthetruthofthedescriptionandthesentiment,isdeniedtome.Whatapitysuchagiftedcreaturediedsoearly!”PrideandPrejudicewasfirstwritteninthelate1700's,thenrewrittenin1811-1812andfinallypublishedinearly1813.PrideandPrejudice,originallyentitledFirstImpressions,isthestoryofayounggirlwhorejectsanofferofmarriagebecausetheyoungnoblemanwhomakesithasbeenrudetoherfamily.MrandMrsBennetlivewiththeirfivedaughtersatLongbournnearLondon.Becausetheyhavenoson,theirpropertywillhavetopass,accordingtothelawatthattime,toacousin,WilliamCollins.Hopingtosecuretheirdaughters’positioninsociety,theybothwanttomarrythemtosomewealthygentlemen.ItsohappensthatCharlesBingley,asinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortune,comestosettleintheneighborhoodwithhistwosistersandhisfriendFitzwilliamDarcy,whoisalsorichandunmarried.BingleyandJanefallinlovewitheachotheralmostatfirstsight.AndDarcyisattractedtoJane’ssisterElizabeth,butheoffendsherbyhisinsolentbehaviorandruderemarksataball.Thedislikeandrepulsionisincreasedbytheprideoftheoneandtheprejudiceoftheother.However,Darcycontinuestobeattractedtoher,inspiteofhimself,tillheproposestoherbutisrejectedindignantly.Lateron,onatriptonorthofEnglandwithheruncleandaunt,ElizabethchancestomeetDarcy,whoreceivesthemverywarmlyandshowsgreatlyimprovedmanners.Thusprideischeckedandprejudiceremoved.Justatthispoint,newsreachesElizabeththatheryoungestsisterLydiahaselopedwithWickham.ByDarcy’shelp,theirmarriageisfinallybroughtabout.Andthroughhisinfluence,theformertiebetweenBingleyandJaneisrenewed,whichleadstotheirengagement.DarcyandElizabethalsobecomeengageddespitetheinterventionofLadyCatherinedeBourgh.ThestorythenendshappilywiththemarriagesofJaneandElizabeth.•Discussion:JaneAusten’soriginaltitleforthenovelwasFirstImpressions.WhatroledofirstimpressionsplayinPrideandPrejudice?Thecentralmalecharacter.Heisanintelligent,wealthy,extremelyhandsomeandreserved28-year-oldman,whooftenappearshaughtyorproudtostrangersbutpossessesanhonestandkindnatureunderneath.Initially,heconsidersElizabethhissocialinferior,unworthyofhisattention,buthefindsthat,despitehisinclinations,hecannotdenyhisfeelingsforElizabeth.HisinitialproposalofmarriageisrejectedbecauseofhisprideandElizabeth'sprejudiceagainsthim;however,attheendofthenovel,aftertheirrelationshiphasblossomed,heishappilyengagedtoElizabeth.Mr.DarcyElizabeth(Lizzy)Bennetisthecoreofthefamily.ElizabethisthesecondofMr.andMrs.Bennet'sfivedaughters,andisanintelligent,bold