谈英语中歧义句类型

X(100024):,,:Abstract:Thispaperanalyzes,fromtheperspectiveofpronunciation,lexicon,syntacticstructuresandcontext,howambiguityarisesinEnglishsentences;itscientificallydifferentiateshomonymyfrompolysemy,andpointsoutthedifferencesbetweenabsolutehomonymsandpartialhomonyms.Keywords:Ambiguityhomonympolysem,(),;,;,,flowerflour():Mineisalongandsadtale!():Itisalongtail,butwhydoyoucallitsad?LewisCarrollAlicesAdventureinWonderland,taletail,:(1)Myyoungersisterhada/greidei/.(1):(1-1)MyyoungersisterhadagradeA;(1-2)myyoungersisterhadagrayday;(1-3)myyoungersisterhadagreatday.,,:bank1bank2,,:(2)Hispunchwasimpressive.Punch,(2)(2),,,2520056(130)X(1977),,,,,,(walk,walks,walkingbig,bigger,biggest),:(1);(2);(3)(Lyons2000:55),bank1()bank2(),sole1()sole2(),(1);(2),,findfound,found,finds,finding,founds,founding:(3)Theyfoundhospitalsandcharitableinstitu2tions.(3)foundfind,;(3)foundfound,,(3),findfound;(3)foundfoundfind,(3)have,:(3-1)Theyhavefoundhospitalsandcharitableinstitutions.,,foundfind,foundfounded(3)theyheshe,(3)(3-2)He/shefoundhospitalsandcharitableinstitutions.(3-2),/find,founds,foundedhasfounded,,,mouth,ear,foot,,:(1);(2)(Lyons2000:58)Batsole,Bat1()bat2(),bat1()bat2(),,,:(4)Theboywasseatedbytheteacher.(4)by...,byseat,(4)(5)Youcantaketheoneupstairs.(5)upstairsupstairstheone,(5)(5-1)Youcantaketheonethatisupstairsupstairs,take,(5)(5-2)Youcantaketheonetoupstairs.,:1.(6)Marydidntdancetopleaseherboyfriend.(7)Hedidnthavehissupperbecauseofhisfa2ther.(6)(7)(6):(6-1)Inordertopleaseherboyfriend,Marydidntdance;(6-2)Marydanced,butnotbecauseshewantedtopleaseherboyfriend.,(7):(7-1)3520056(130)Becauseofhisfather,hedidnthavehissupper;(7-2)Hehadhissupper,butnotbecauseofhisfa2ther.2.++:(8)Thefatherfoundhisdaughteragoodteach2er.(9)Themanagerappointedherasecretary.,(8):(8-1)Thefatherfoundagoodteacherforhisdaughter;(8-2)Thefa2therdiscoveredthathisdaughterwasagoodteacher.(9):(9-1)Themanagerappointedherasasecretary;(9-2)Themanagerappointedasecretaryforher.3.(10)Therefugeeshaddiscardedclothes.(11)Sholockiscalculating.(10)discardeddiscard,(10-1)Therefugeeshadthrownawayclothes.discardedclothes,(10-2)Therefugeeshadtheclothesthatwerediscardedbyothers.(11)calculatingcal2culating,(11);calculating,4.(12)Thestrikingwascalledbyradicallecturersandstudents.(13)Couldyouseethegirlnotfarfromtheoldmanreadingabook?(12)radicallecturers?lecturersandstudents?,(12),readingabookthegirl?theoldman?5.(14)Weknowtheboybetterthanyou.(15)Themotherlikesherdaughteraswellastheson.(14)(14-1)Weknowtheboybetterthanyoudo(=thanyouknowtheboy);(14-2)weknowtheboybetterthanweknowyou.(15):(15-1)Themotherlikesthedaugh2teraswellasthesondoes(=aswellasthesonlikesthedaughter);(15-2)Themotherlikesherdaugh2teraswellasshelikestheson.6.(16)Thelionistoosmalltokill.(17)Theladyisfriendlyenoughtohelp.(16):(16-1)Thelionistoosmalltokillanyotherprey;(16-2)Thelionistoosmallforotherstokill.(17):(17-1)Theladyisfriendlyenoughforotherstohelpher;(17-2)Theladyisfriendlye2noughtohelpothers..7.(18)JacksawJillinthebus.(19)Wewilldiscussourplantoholdadancingpartyintheclassroom.(18)(19)(18):(18-1)JacksawJillwhentheywereinthebus;(18-2)JacksawJillwhenhewasinthebus;(18-3)JacksawJillwhenshewasinthebus.(19):(19-1)Wewilldiscussourplantoholdintheclassroomadancingparty;(19-2)Intheclass2roomwewilldiscussourplantoholdadancingparty.8.and(20)Shakespearewasawriteranddramatistofgreatfame.(21)Youcansleepandwatchthefootballmatch,asyoulike.and,ofgreatfame(200)dramatist,writeranddrama2tist,(21)asyoulikesleep,watchthefootballmatch9.(22)GoandaskthedeanwhowillteachthefirstyearstudentsEnglishLiterature.(23)Tellmeifyouhavetime.(22):(22-1)WhowillteachthefirstyearstudentsEnglishLiterature?Goandaskthedean;(22-2)Goandaskthedean(thedeanwillteachthefirstyearstudentsEnglishLiterature).(23):(23-1)Ifyouhavetime,tellme;4520056(130)(23-2)Tellmewhetheryouhavetimeornot.,:(24)Thedeanexpelledthestudentbecausehediscoveredsomethingincriminating.(25)Idanced,Marysang,andBobdid,too.(24)he(25)did,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,:1.HinrichSchutze.AmbiguityResolutioninLanguageLearn2ing:ComputationalandCognitiveModels[M].Standford,Calif.:CSLIPublications,1997.2.KeesVanDeemter,StanleyReters.SemanticAmbiguityandUnderspecification.[M]Standford,Calif.:CSLIPublica2tions,1996.3.LyonsJohn.LinguisticSemantics:AnIntroduction[M].Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1995.4.:[M],,19855.:[M],,19916.:[J],,20024(71):1.Cohen,Dorothy.Advertising[M].London:HafstraUniver2sity,1988.2.Colley,RusselH.DefiningAdvertisingGoalsforMeasuredAdvertisingResults[M].NewYork:AssociationofNationalAdvertisers,Inc.,1961.3.Cuihua,Feng.FiguresofSpeech[M].Beijing:TheCom2mercialPress,1983.4.Mandell,MauriceI..Advertising[M].4thed.NewJersey:Prentice2HallInc.,1984.5.Mooil,Mariekede.AdvertisingWorldwide[M].2nded.London:PrenticeHallInternational(UK)Ltd.,1994.6.Vestergaard,TorbenandKimSchroder.TheLanguageofAdvertising[M].NewYork:BasilBlackwellPublisherLtd.,1985.7.Xiahua,Yang.CompositionandRhetoric[M].Hefei:An2huiEducationalPublishingHouse,1984.8.:[M],,19869.():[M],,199110.:[M],,198311.:[M],,199812.:[M],,19935520056(130)