全新版大学英语综合教程4-Unit-3词汇详解

Unit3TextA1.interview:1.n.1)ameetingwhereapersonisaskedquestionstodecidewhetherhecantakeupajobWhenshewasstillatschool,shehadherfirstinterview,forapart-timejobinarestaurant.2)ameetingwhereapersonisaskedquestionstofindouthis/heractions,opinions,etc.Thefilmstaragreedwillinglytogiveaninterviewimmediatelyafterherwedding.2.v.1)holdaninterviewwith(someone)他正在接受一地方电视台对他关于失业率的采访。HewasbeinginterviewedbyalocalTVstationabouttherateofunemployment.2)question(someone)todiscovertheiropinionsorexperience在一次调查研究中，被调查的女性中超过一半的人都讨厌“家庭妇女”这一称呼。Inasurveymorethanhalfofthewomeninterviewedhatedthelabel“housewife”.2.grill:vt.1)cookunderoroverdirectheatWecouldgrillthechopsonthebarbecue.2)(infml)questionintenselyandseverely(esp.ofthepolice)他被拷问了两小时后，警察才让他走。HewasgrilledfortwohoursbeforethepolicelethimgoTheseniordetectivegrilledtheyoungsuspectabouttherobberycase.3.followup:takeadditionstepstofurther(apreviousaction)让我们担心的是恐怖分子在威胁之后会进行炸弹攻击。Weareworriedthatterroristswillfollowuptheirthreatswithbombattacks.Ifyoumakeahotelbookingbyphone,followitupwithwrittenconfirmation.Collocation:asfollows如下Theresultwereasfollows.tofollow下一个I’llhavefish,withfruittofollow.4.inone’shands:inone’spossession我的律师有了所有相关的证据。Alltherelevantfactsareinmysolicitor’shands.Hisfather’scompanyhasbeeninhishandsformanyyears.5.prospective:adj.expected;probable;intendedThechieffunctionofdirect-mailadvertisingistofamiliarizeprospectivebuyerswithaproduct.这个世界闻名的大学收到近200名学生的申请表。Thisuniversityofworldfamehadapplicationsfromnearly200prospectivestudents.6.asIseeit:inmyopinionAsIseeit,thispressconferenceisthemostsuccessfulonewehaveeverhad.在我看来，这些钱足够他在国外生活一年了。AsIseeit,themoneyissufficientforseeinghimthroughayearabroad.Collocation：seeabout安排；采取行动seeout送出门，送到门口seeto负责，照料It’stimeformetoseeaboutcookingdinner.I’llseeyouout.IfIcooklunch,willyouseetothechildren?7.(as)thesayinggoes:usedtointroduceaparticularphrasethatpeopleoftensayAsanoldEnglishsayinggoes,“Ifyouwanttoliveandthrive,letaspiderrunalive!”正如谚语所说，“无风不起浪”。Asthesayinggoes,“There’snosmokewithoutfire.”8.apply:v.1)requestsomething,esp.inwritingAnyonewhohasacollegedegreecanapplyforthejob.WithadmissioncriteriarankingamongthemostselectiveintheUnitedStates,Harvardacceptedlessthan20percentofallwhoapplied.2)bringorputintouse需要用多少力量就用多少。Applyasmuchforceasisnecessary.3)haveaneffect;bedirectlyrelated这项规则不适用。Thisregulationdoesn’tapply.9.endeavor:1.vt.(fml)tryYoumustendeavortoimproveyourwork.这个跨国公司一直尽力在最短的时间内处理顾客的投诉。Themultinationalcompanyalwaysendeavorstodealwithclients’complaintsaspromptlyaspossible.Thegovernmenthasendeavoredtoforbidtheemploymentofchildrenundertheageof16.2.n.Effort她尽可能地帮助我们。Shemadeeveryendeavortohelpus.TheclimbingofMountQomolangmawasanoutstandingexampleofhumanendeavor.endeavor,try&attempt这三个词都可作动词，有“尝试”、“企图”、“努力”之意。endeavor意思是“努力”、“尽力”，无“尝试”之意，指为完成某事需付出的巨大努力，是书面语。例如：Galileoendeavoredtoprovethattheearthrotatesaroundthesun.伽利略尽力证明地球是绕着太阳转的try意思是“尝试”、“打算”，比endeavor意思轻，指多次企图去做某事。例如：shetriedthelittlegoldenkeyinthelock.她试着用那把小小的金钥匙开那把锁。attempt意思是“尝试”、“努力”、“试图（做某事）”，侧重有某种动机并开始做，常有冒险性和失败的可能性，多用作书面语。例如：TheswimmerattemptedtocrosstheEnglishChannelbutfailed.那个游泳选手试图横渡英吉利海峡，但没有成功。10.employment:n.1)aperson’stradeorprofessionThestudents,whoareapproachingtheschool-leavingage,endeavortolookforemployment.快要毕业的学生都尽力找工作。2)theconditionofhavingpaidworkTheeconomicdepressioncausedafallinthenumbersinfull-timeemployment.未受过高等教育的人在就业问题上常遇到阻碍。Peoplewithouthighereducationoftenfacebarriersinemployment.doone’shomework:makepreparationsbeforehandHehadevidentlydonehishomeworkandreadhispredecessor’sreports.在演讲之前，他做了充分的准备工作。Hehaddonehishomeworkbeforehedeliveredthespeech.11,goafter:tryhardtoobtain;chase在英语演讲比赛中，他去争取得奖。HewentafteraprizeintheEnglishspeechcontest.你会不会去这个公司找工作？Areyouplanningtogoafterapositioninthiscompany?Collocation:goabout从事goagainst违背；对…不利goahead开始Fillintheblankswiththeproperphrases:1)Thecasemaygoagainstyou.2)Thecouncilgaveuspermissiontogoaheadwithourbuildingplans.3)Howdoyougoaboutrepairingthisclock?12.incidentally:bythewayIreallygottogonow.Incidentally,don’tforgettopayavisittoyourmothertomorrow.Sheisexpectingyou.chuckle:v.laughquietly看到她的惊讶，我轻轻一笑。Ichuckledattheastonishmentonherface.“That’sabitheavy,isn’tit?”hechuckled.13.rank:1.n.apositioninthehierarchyofthearmedforceorSocietyHewasatlastpromotedtotherankofCaptain.社会各阶层的人都很关心这个案件。Peopleofallranksareveryattentivetothiscase.2.v.beorput(inacertainclass)这座城镇在新英格兰风景区中名列前茅。ThistownrankshighamongNewEnglandbeautyspots.14.physical:adj.1)oforconcerningthebodyRegularexerciseenhancespeople’ssenseofmentalwellbeingalongwiththegeneralphysicalhealth.人类在肤色、眼睛颜色、体型及其他身体特征上都有所不同Humanpopulationsdifferintheirskincolor,eyecolor,shapeandotherphysicalcharacteristics.2)oforaccordingtothelawsofnatureIsthereaphysicalexplanationforthesestrangehappenings?对这些怪现象有科学上的解释吗？Itisaphysicalimpossibilitytobeintwoplacesatonce.15.structure:n.1)thewayinwhichpartsareformedintoawholeMorphologyisconcernedwiththestructureofwords,syntaxwiththestructureofphrasesandsentences.不同的社会有不同的家庭构造。Thestructureofthefamilyvariesfromsocietytosociety.2)anythin