译林版9AUnit2语法-宾语从句讲解及练习

宾语从句1.宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中做及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.(形容词宾语)2.宾语从句的引导词有三类：(1)以that引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导肯定句形式的宾语从句，that可以省略。可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say,think,wish,hope,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,expect,explain,oreder,feel,report等eg,Theradiosays(that)thecloudswillliftlateron.Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.(2)以连接代词which,what,who,whose等或连接副词how,where,when,why等引导的宾语从句，从句是陈述语序eg,Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematterwithyou?Iwanttoknowhowsoonitwillbegin.(3)以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg,Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.注：宾语从句中一律用陈述语序：关联词+主+谓3．宾语从句的时态(1)当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时，从句可用所需要的任何时态。eg,Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismorning.Youaretellingmethatyouwon'tstopuntiltomorrow?(2)当主句为一般过去时态时，从句要用于过去有关的时态。eg,TheyaskedwhatJeanwasdoingnow.Lindasaidthatthetrainhadleft.(3)当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，宾语从句要使用一般现在时。eg,Lisaaskedwhetherlighttravelsfasterthansound.Pollysaidnonewsisagoodnews注：当主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等，宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句。Eg：Idon’tthinkitisrightforhimtotreatyoulikethat.我认为他那样对待你是不对的。4.一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但下列情况只能用whether。（1）在带to的不定式前,eg,Wehaven’tdecidedwhethertowalkthere（2）引导词与ornot连用时，eg,Couldyoutellmewhetheryougoornot?（3）在介词的后面eg,I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgotoseethefilm.另：if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.eg,Youcan'tworktheplanoutifyoudon'thavethemeeting.例题解析：1.Theteacheraskedthestudents________.A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinbornC.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted解析：宾语从句中从句应保持陈述语序，答案B首先删去，主句一般过去式，从句要用于过去有关的时态，删去答案C和D,答案A中的if意为如果.应选A2.Couldyoutellme_______?A.whatthematteriswithyouB.whatwasthematterwithyouC.hat'sthematterwithyouD.what'sthewrongwithyou.解析：what就是从句的主语，what'sthematterwithyou本身就是陈述语序，因此删掉A;主句可看作是委婉的请求，并是一般过去式，可删去答案B;wrong前不用加the,因此此题选C.3.Heaskedme_______IcouldsingthesongMyHeartwillGoOn.A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.that解析：此句应选含有疑问意思的关系代词，故删去D；weather意为天气，根据句意应选A.4.Ourteachertoldusthatthemoon_________roundtheearth.A.wentB.turnedC.goD.turns解析：从句是一个客观真理，因此从句的时态不受主句影响。应选D5.Itmakesnodifference__________.A.whetherwillyoucometomorrow.B.WhetherornotwillbepasstheexamC.IfhewillcometothemeetingornotD.Whetherhewillcometothemeetingornot解析：答案A和B从句不是陈述语序先删掉,if不能与not连用。因此此题选D6.Theydon'tknow_______theirparentsare.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which解析：what表示职业，因此选B.7.Iamsure_______yousaidistrue.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who解析：根据句意应用what,做said的内容，你所说的话。应选A.8.Theoldmantoldus_______and________.A.todowhat,todohowB.whattodoit,howtodoitC.whattodo,howtodoitD.whattodo,howtodo解析：疑问词what即连接不定式，又做do的宾语；而在how引导的不定式短语中，how表示方式，do为及物动词，因此需接宾语才正确应选C课堂练习与巩固：1.---DoyouknowwhentheWorldCup________nextweek?---NextFriday.Whenit________,Iwillringyou.A.begins,beginsB.begins,willbeginC.willbegin,willbeginD.willbegin,begins2.---Todayortomorrow?---Whatareyoutalkingabout?---Wearetalkingabout_______togiveatalkonWTO.A.howB.whereC.whenD.what3.Iwonder_________.A.wheredoesheliveB.whereheliveC.heliveswhereD.wherehelives4.---Areyousureyouhaveto?It'sbeenverylate.---Idon'tknow_____Icandoitifnotnow.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how5.---Wouldyoupleasetellme_________?---InasmallvillagenearNiingbo.A.wherewasyourmotherbornB.whereyourmotherwasbornC.whenwasyourmotherbornD.whenyourmotherwasborn6.Thephotographwillshowyou________.A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike7.---Canyouguessifthey_______toplaybasketballwithus?---Ithinkthey'llcomeifthey_________free.A.willcome,willbeB.willcome,areC.come,areD.come,willbe8.---Wheredoeshecomefrom?---Pardon?---Iaskedwhere_________.A….didhecomefromB.hecamefromC.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom9.Shewondered__________.A.howmuchhecostthecomputerB.howmuchhepaidforthecomputerC.howmuchthecomputerwillcosthimD.howmuchdidhespendonthecomputer10.---Doyouknow________?---I'mnotsure.Maybeheisabusinessman.A.whoheisB.whoisheC.whathedoesD.whatdoeshedo