高中英语阅读理解精读荟萃(中级篇)4

-1-PassageOneCrimeinComputerNewandbizarrecrimeshavecomeintobeingwiththeadventofcomputertechnology.Organizedcrimetohasbeendirectlyinvolved;thenewtechnologyoffersitunlimitedopportunities,suchasdatacrimes,theftofservices,property-relatedcrimes,industrialsabotage,politicallyrelatedsabotage,vandalism,crimesagainsttheindividualandfinanciallyrelatedcrimes…w*w*w*k*s*5*u*c*o*mTheftofdata,ordatacrime,hasattractedtheinterestoforganizedcriminalsyndicates.Thisisusuallythetheftorcopyingofvaluablecomputergrogram.Aninternationalmarketalreadyexistsforcomputerizeddata,andspecializedfencesaresaidtobeplayingakeyroleinthisrapidlyexpandingcriminalmarket.Buyersforstolenprogramsmayrangefromafirm’scompetitorstoforeignnations.Acompetitorsabotagesacompany’scomputersystemtodestroyorcripplethefirm’soperationalability,thusneutralizingitscompetitivecapabilityeitherintheprivateorthegovernmentsector.Thiscomputersabotagemayalsobetiedtoanattemptbyaffluentinvestorstoacquirethevictimfirm.Withthegrowingreliancebyfirmsoncomputersfortheirrecordkeepinganddailyoperations,sabotageoftheircomputerscanresultininternalhavoc,afterwhichthegroupinterestedinacquiringthefirmcaneasilybuyitatasubstantiallylowerprice.Criminalgroupscouldalsoresorttosabotageifthecompanyisacompetitorofabusinessownedorcontrolledbyorganizedcrime.Politicallymotivatedsabotageisontheincrease;politicalextremistgroupshavesproutedoneverycontinent.Sophisticatedcomputertechnologyarmsthesegroupswithawesomepowersandopenstechnologicallyadvancednationstotheirattack.Severalattemptshavealreadybeenmadetodestroycomputerfacilityatanairforcebase.Auniversitycomputerfacilityinvolvedinnationaldefenceworksufferedmorethan$2millionindamagesasaresultofabombing.Computervulnerabilityhasbeenamplydocumented.Onecongressionalstudyconcludedthatneithergovernmentnorprivatecomputersystemsareadequatelyprotectedagainstsabotage.Organizedcriminalsyndicateshaveshowntheirwillingnesstoworkwithpoliticallymotivatedgroups.Investigatorshaveuncoveredevidenceofcooperationbetweencriminalgroupsandforeigngovernmentsinnarcotics.Criminalgroupshavetakenattemptsinassassinatingpoliticalleaders….Computersareusedinhospitallife-supportsystem,inlaboratories,andinmajorsurgery.Criminals-2-couldeasilyturnthesecomputersintotoolsofdevastation.Bysabotagingthecomputerofalife-supportsystem,criminalscouldkillanindividualaseasilyastheyhadusedagun.Bymanipulatingacomputer,theycouldguideawesometoolsofterroragainstlargeurbancenters.Citiesandnationscouldbecomehostages.Homicidecouldtakeanowform.Thecomputermaybecomethehitmanofthetwentiethcentury.Thecomputeropensvastareasofcrimetoorganizedcriminalgroups,bothnationalandinternational.Itcallsonthemtopooltheirresourcesandincreasetheircooperativeefforts,becausemanyofthesecrimesaretoocomplexforonegrouptohandle,especiallythoserequitingavastnetworkoffences.Althoughcriminalshaveadaptedtocomputertechnology,lawenforcementhasnot.Manystillthinkintermsoftraditionalcriminology.w*w*w*k*s*5*u*c*o*m1.Howmanykindsofcrimesarementionedinthepassage?A.7.B.8.C.9.D.102.Whatisthepurposeofacompetitortosabotageacompany’scomputer?A.Hispurposeistodestroyorweakenthefirm’soperationalability.B.Hispurposeistoweakenfirm’scompetitivecapabilityandgetit.C.Hispurposeistobuytherival’scompanyatarelativelylowprice.D.Hispurposeistostealimportantdata.3.Whichofthefollowingcanbelabeledasapoliticallymotivatedsabotageofacomputersystem?A.Sabotageofauniversitycomputer.B.Sabotageofahospitalcomputer.C.Sabotageofcomputeratasecrettrainingbase.D.Sabotageofafactorycomputer.4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Homicidecouldtakeanewform”?A.Thereisnoneedtouseaguninkillingaperson.B.Criminalscankillwhoevertheywantbyacomputer.C.Thecomputercanreplaceanyweapons.D.Thefunctionofacomputerisjustlikeagun.-3-Vocabulary1.bizarre奇怪的2.vandalism破坏，故意破坏文化，艺术的行为3.cripple使瘫痪，削弱4.fence贼市，脏品买卖处5.neutralize使成为无效6.affluent富裕的7.recordkeeping记录存贮8.havoc浩劫，大破坏9.resortto求助于，借助于10.motivate作为……的动机，激发11.extremist过激分子，极端主义分子12.sprout萌发迅速发展13.awesome令人惊惧的，引起敬畏的14.vulnerability易受攻击，脆弱15.devastation劫持，破坏16.hospitallife-supportsystem医院的生命维持系统17.hitman职业凶手（杀手）18.pool集中（资金）合办，入股19.criminology犯罪学，刑事学难句译注1.Organizedcrimetohasbeendirectlyinvolved;thenewtechnologyoffersitunlimitedopportunities,suchasdatacrimes,theftofservices,property-relatedcrimes,industrialsabotage,politicallyrelatedsabotage,vandalism,crimesagainsttheindividualandfinanciallyrelatedcrimes…【结构简析】句子很长，都是简单句，中间有分号隔开，后面是举例。【参考译文】有组织犯罪团伙也直接参与：计算机新技术较为犯罪提供了无限的机会，如数据信息犯罪，偷窃服务项目，跟财产有关的犯罪，工业破坏，跟政治有关的破坏，破坏文化艺术，对个人和财经方面的罪行等等。-4-2.Aninternationalmarketalreadyexistsforcomputerizeddata,andspecializedfencesaresaidtobeplayingakeyroleinthisrapidlyexpandingcriminalmarket.【结构简析】并列句，and作对比连接词用。【参考译文】一个计算机信息的国际市场已经存在，而专门从事脏品交易的市场据说在迅速扩展的犯罪市场中起着关键的作用。3.Acompetitorsabotagesacompany’scomputersystemtodestroyorcripplethefirm’soperationalability,thusneutralizingitscompetitivecapabilityeitherintheprivateorthegovernmentsector.【结构简析】主谓宾补结构，后跟thus+从句表示结果。【参考译文】竞争对手破坏一个公司的计算机系统为的是摧毁或削弱公司的操作运行能力，从而使其丧失在私人或政府部门中的竞争力。4.Thecomputeropensvastareasofcrimetoorganizedcriminalgroups,bothnat