PLC在六层电梯控制系统中的应用(最终交稿)

2011届毕业设计说明书PLC在六层电梯控制系统中的应用系、部：电气与信息工程系学生姓名：朱郴指导教师：肖雅丽职称高级实验师专业：电子信息工程技术班级：电气0903班学号：09400130339完成时间：2012年5月24日错误!未指定书签。2摘要随着现代城市的发展，高层建筑日益增多，电梯成为人们日常生活必不可少的代步工具。电梯性能的好坏对人们生活的影响越来越显著，因此必须努力提高电梯系统的性能，保证电梯的运行既高效节能又安全可靠。传统的电梯控制系统采用的是继电器逻辑控制电路，这种控制易出故障，维护不便，运行寿命短，占地空间大，正逐步被淘汰。为了提高自动控制系统的可靠性和设备的工作效率，设计了一套以PLC为核心控制器的电梯自动控制系统，用来取代以往的较复杂的继电器—接触器控制。系统的核心部分（控制部分）使用了日本三菱公司生产的FX2N-80MR型的PLC，因为在核心控制部分采用的是软件程序控制，从而在保证电梯正常运行这个要求的情况下，大大的提高了电梯故障检查与维修的方便性和容易性，同时还克服了手动操作所带来的一些人为干扰因素，取得了良好的预期效果。关键词：电梯；PLC；梯形图错误!未指定书签。3AbstractWiththedevelopmentofmoderncities,anincreasingnumberofhigh-risebuilding,elevatorbecomeanindispensablemeansoftransportofdailylife.Thequalityoftheliftperformanceoftheimpactonpeople'slivesbecomingmoreandmoreobvious,itmuststrivetoimprovetheperformanceofelevatorsystems,andensuretheoperationoftheliftissafe,reliableandenergyefficient.Thetraditionalelevatorcontrolsystemuseslogicoftherelaytocontrolcircuit,thiskindofcontrolseasilytobecrash,maintainsinconveniently,themovementlifeisshort,andthatoccupyingalargeareaofspace,itbeingeliminatedgradually.Forraisingthecredibilityoftheautomaticcontrolsystemandtheworkefficiencyoftheequipments,designasetoftakePLCasthecorecontrolleroftheelevatorautocontrolsystem,usingtoreplaceformermorecomplicatedofafterelectricappliances-thecontactmachinecontrol.Thecorepart(controlpart)ofthesystemusedaJapaneseMitsubishicompanytoproduceoftheFX2N-80typePLCisthesoftwareprocedurecontrolinthecorebecauseofwhattocontrolthepartadoption,thusBepromisingtheelevatorcirculatesnormallyunderthecircumstanceof[with]thisrequest,raisedelevatortobreakdowncheckandtheconvenienceandeasyformaintainconsumedly,stillovercametomoveanoperationsomeartificialinterferencefactorsbringinthemeantime,obtainthegoodresults.Keywords:elevator；plc；ladderliagram错误!未指定书签。2目录1.绪论.................................................................41.1设计背景........................................................41.2设计的目的和意义................................................51.3课题的提出......................................................51.4课题的主要讨论内容..............................................51.5电梯的功能要求..................................................62.电梯的相关知识........................................................72.1电梯的出现及发展................................................72.2电梯的分类......................................................82.3电梯的组成及工作原理............................................92.3.1电梯的组成................................................92.3.2电梯的工作原理............................................93.系统控制方案的选择及PLC概述........................................113.1方案的选择.....................................................113.2.1方案一继电器—接触器控制系统............................113.1.2方案二微机控制系统......................................113.1.3方案三PLC控制系统.......................................113.2可编程控制器概述...............................................123.2.1可编程控制器的定义.......................................123.2.2可编程控制器的分类.......................................123.2.3可编程控制器的特点.......................................124.电梯控制系统的硬件电路设计..........................................144.1交流双速电梯的主电路...........................................144.2门机电路、抱闸电路、门锁及安全运行电路.........................155.PLC的选择及PLC电梯控制系统的硬件设计..............................165.1可编程控制器（PLC）的选型......................................165.2PLC控制系统的硬件设计.........................................175.2.1设计思想.................................................175.2.2电梯电器元件.............................................18错误!未指定书签。35.2.3程序辅助继电器...........................................195.2.4基本功能I/O分配表.......................................205.2.5PLCI/O接线图............................................216.PLC电梯控制系统的软件设计..........................................236.1电梯的初始状态、运行中状态和运行后状态分析.....................236.2软件流程图.....................................................236.2.1PLC电梯控制系统主程序流程图.............................236.2.2电梯楼层显示程序流程图...................................246.2梯形图程序设计.................................................257.电梯模拟和安装调试..................................................307.1电梯模拟调试...................................................307.2电梯安装调试...................................................338.总结与体会...........................................................34参考文献...............................................................35致谢.................................................................36附录.................................................................37附录一电梯的主电路图..............................................37附录二PLCI/O接线图...............................................38附录三梯形图程序..................................................39开门环节梯形图.................................................39关门环节梯形图.................................................41楼层信号产生与消除环节梯形图...................................42停层信号登记与消除环节梯形图...................................43外呼信号登记与消除环节梯形图...................................45定向环节梯形图.................................................49启动加速和稳定运行环节梯形图.........................