从百年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖看世界生命科学发展

ChineseBulletinofLifeSciences17420058Vol.17,No.4Aug.,2005110008022000311901~2004Q-1;N19ATheglobaldevelopmentinlifesciencesbasedonNobelLaureatesinPhysiologyorMedicineWENShu-Mei1,GAOLiu-Bin2*(1LibraryofChineseAcademyofSciences,GraduateSchooloftheChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100080,China;2ShanghaiInformationCenterforLifeSciences,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Shanghai200031,China)Abstract:Basedonbibliometrics,thepaperanalyzesNobelLaureatesinPhysiologyorMedicineindifferentanglessuchasspace,timeandthedistributionofsubjectsfrom1901to2004.ResearchingintothesituationofNobelLaureates’cultivation,organizationsandsubjects,thepapermakessuggestionstocultivatescientistsandbuildthefirst-classinstitutesanddistributethesubjectsinlifesciencesreasonablyinChina.Keywords:bibliometricstheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinelifesciencesNobelLaureate2005-06-28(1979)(1966)*1004-0374(2005)04-0364-0610019011210··365200495(9191519161917191819211925194019411942)20()(90)(26)(12)(8)(7)182(7)()()11901~1920(I)1921~1940()1941~1960()1961~1980()1981~2000()2001~2004()()12.5%33.3%66.7%90.0%80.0%100%(1)22.120(1785%)177(97%)90(49.5%)26(14.3%)12(6.6%)128(70.3%)2.25.6%25.0%55.6%60.8%62.8%50.0%10.0%66.7%80.0%74.2%92.6%100.0%2.394.4%75%38.9%37.3%32.6%50%0.0%40.0%75.0%100.0%20.0%0.0%()45.0%(2)2.411620312750416232550.0%66.7%80.0%74.2%92.6%100.0%250.0%50.0%45.0%33.0%30.0%25.0%17.0%136625.0%(2)(3)2.52020(4)2.61.1%50%33.110397(94.2%)133.286104()17.3%2004143.34341.7%3(3)1312.0%13354.0%(31.0%)(8.0%)(8.0%)(3)3.454233(:)1901~1961~19602004()4591()3472()0772()2463()0554()0445()3036()3036()30360336()-()0336()0336()03364336780%(9)(7)(5)(4)2(7)(6)3.520600.0%23.5%33.3%39.5%59.4%62.5%(5)3.6206070.6%606068%6029.4%32.0%3.71901~200412942004105(4)4.13016.48%40502001~200454.22040204(:)460105530119190211()870602122475020002123320503520153132101001405010014302100105208320020700033060003003010000156368402060~8012215(6)4.32060608060602174.42080(8)4.5202040(9)55.15.25.35.45.55.6897369[1]TheNobelFoundtion.Listofalllaureates[EB/OL].[2].[EB/OL].[3].2003[M].,2003.47~76[4].[M].,2001.1~2502006()()[e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail]80485179()[e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail][e-mail]64889354()[e-mail][e-mail]62595403()[e-mail][e-mail]82624544()[e-mail][e-mail]028-85501165