考研复试新冠疫情高频词汇与话题预测

新冠疫情高频词汇一、病毒相关Virus新型冠状病毒novelcoronavirus肺炎pneumonia新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎：pneumoniacausedbythenovelcoronavirus/novelcoronavirus-causedpneumonia病原体pathogen中间宿主intermediatehost传染源sourceofinfection二代病例secondaryinfectioncase*二代病例：指被一代病例感染的本土病人隐性感染asymptomaticinfection隐性感染：指感染了病毒，但无明显症状的病例潜伏期incubation/ˌɪŋkjuˈbeɪʃn/period二、传播相关Spread传播途径routeoftransmission飞沫传播droplettransmission气溶胶传播aerosoltransmission接触传播contacttransmission垂直传播verticaltransmission人传人human-to-humantransmission易感人群susceptiblepopulation密切接触者：closecontact潜伏期incubation,latentperiod粪口传播fecal-oraltransmission疫情epidemic,outbreak散发sporadiccase爆发outbreak流行prevalence传染contagion大流行pandemic疫区affectedarea输入性病例importedcase输入性病例：指来自疫情流行区的病例，也称一代病例三、病例相关Case感染病例caseofinfection疑似病例suspectedcase无症状病例asymptomaticcase重症病例severecase确诊病例confirmedcase新增病例数numberofnewcases累计病例数cumulativenumberofcases死亡病例数numberofdeaths治愈病例curedcase病死率fatalityrate基本再生率basicreproductionrate四、症状相关Symptom咳嗽tocough打喷嚏tosneeze痰sputum吐痰tospit吸入toinhale呼出toexhale污染contamination症状symptom发热fever头痛headache乏力fatigue干咳drycough鼻塞stuffynose流涕runnynose咽痛sorethroat腹泻diarrhea呼吸困难difficultyinbreathing生物学相关Biology呼吸系统respiratorysystem呼吸道respiratorytract鼻腔nasalcavity口腔oralcavity咽pharynx喉larynx气管trachea支气管bronchi肺lung黏膜mucosa肺叶lobe发热、咳嗽、呼吸困难：fever,coughanddifficultyinbreathing急性呼吸道感染病状：acute/əˈkjuːt/respiratory/rəˈspɪrətri/infectionsymptom五、防护设备Equipment医疗物资：medicalsupplies隔离quarantine口罩mask医用外科口罩surgicalmask防护服protectiveclothing护目镜eyeshields,goggles鞋套shoecovers手套gloves一次性disposable穿戴towear祛除toremove消毒disinfection消毒剂disinfectant含氯消毒液chlorinateddisinfectant酒精alcohol喷洒tospray洗手液handsanitizer,liquidsoap一次性手套：disposablegloves六、医疗相关medicine临床试验clinicaltrial核酸检测nucleicacidtesting试剂盒testingkit疫苗vaccine红外体温测量仪infraredthermometer体温检测热像仪thermalimagingcamerafortemperaturemonitoring感染者infectedperson护理者caregiver接受医学观察：beundermedicalobservation紧急救治emergencytreatment外科处置surgicaltreatment临床检验clinicaltests隔离病房isolationward观察室observationward盐水saline防疫preventionandcontrolofthevirus七、机构相关Institution世界卫生组织WHO=WorldHealthOrganization卫健委HealthCommission国际关注的公共卫生突发事件PHEIC=PublicHealthEmergencyofInternationalConcern国家卫生健康委员会NationalHealthCommission(NHC)美国疾病控制与预防中心CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention（CDC）应急医院makeshifthospital重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应：first-levelpublichealthemergencyresponse定点医院designatedhospitals发热门诊feverclinic重症监护病房intensivecareunit(ICU)检疫所quarantineoffice药店pharmacy;drugstore八、防疫相关Prevention疫情防控：epidemicpreventionandcontrol遏制疫情蔓延tocontaintheoutbreak封城Acityisonlockdown./Acitygoesintolockdown.延迟开学topostponethereopeningofschools延长春节假期toextendtheChineseNewYearholiday（公共场所）消毒、通风以及体温检测disinfection,ventilationandbodytemperaturemonitoring(inpublicareas)取消大型集会tocancelmassgatherings减少外出tomakefewertripsoutside控制人口流动tocurbpopulationflow两周观察期two-weekobservationperiod新冠肺炎话题预测与回答示例类型一：普遍类1.WhatimpactdoesnewcoronarypneumoniahaveonChinaandtheworld?Whatarethepositiveandnegativeeffects?2.Whatimpactdoesnewcoronarypneumoniahaveonyourhometown?3.Whatimpacthasnewcoronarypneumoniahadonyou?Whatdidyoudoduringtheoutbreak?4.Whatnationalinitiativeshaveeffectivelypreventedthespreadanddeteriorationoftheepidemic?Whatdoyouthink?andmanymore.类型二：专业观点类ifyourmajorispsychology,youmaybeaskedhowtoproperlyadjustemotionsduringtheepidemic.Anotherexampleisthatyourmajoriseconomics,thenyoumaybeaskedhowmuchimpacttheepidemichasontheeconomy?Whatmeasurescanpromoteeconomicrecovery?示例1：T：WhatdoyouthinkoftheWesterncountries'responsetothenewcoronavirus?S：Thewesterncountriesdidnotpayenoughattentiontothenovelcoronavirusintheearlydaysoftheoutbreak.Theydidlittletopreventthespreadofthevirus.Peoplewerestillholdingralliesandtakingparades.Sportseventsandconcertswereheldasscheduled.Largecrowdsofpeopleraisedtheriskofcross-infectionandthenumberofconfirmedcasesincreasedexponentially.Westerncountriesareverypassiveindealingwiththenewcoronavirus,whichisnotonlyirresponsibletotheirownpeoplebutalsoirresponsibletothepeopleoftheworld.Ourcountryfacessevereriskofimportedcases.IhopethatChinacanshoulderitsinternationalresponsibilities,cooperatingwithothercountriestoguidetheirepidemicpreventionworksandrestoreordertotheworld.示例2：T：Whatdoyouthinkofourcountry'sresponsetothenewcoronavirus?S：Wuhanwasonlockdownaftertheoutbreakofthenovelcoronavirus.Afewdayslater,manyprovincesreleasedfirst-levelpublichealthemergencyresponsesuccessively.Thegovernmenthasimposedstrictquarantinemeasures,bannedgatheringsandclosedmuseums,amusementparks,andotherpublicentertainmentvenues….（描述这些举措带来目前的积极效果，并表示赞同）示例3：T:Whatdidyoudoduringtheoutbreakofthenewcoronavirus？S:Thenewcoronavirusbroughtthesocietyintoastandstill.ThegovernmenthadtoextendtheSpringFestivalholiday.Duringtheoutbreak,Istrictlycompliedwiththerequirementsofthegovernmenttokeephomequarantine.Ipreparedfortheinterviewseriously,believingthatI…(展现个体抗疫中积极的一面，自由发挥)示例4：T：Whatdoyouthinkofthisepidemics？S：Pneumoniacausedbythenewcoronavirusisaseriousglobalpublichealthevent.Thenewcoronavirusishighlyinfectiousandhasahighcasefatalityrate.Itcanbespreadbydroplettransmissionandfecal-oraltransmission….