中国海洋药用生物濒危珍稀物种及其保护

X1,1XX,1,1,1,2,1,1(1.,266003;2.,200090):,235,14.0%9,112,88,5,1;,10,44:;;;:P714+.5;R931.2;Q178.53:A:167225174(2009)04271921120,,,,,,,,,,[122],,1,,(20062032172008209205);,::,;:,;:,,;:,[3](IUCN)IUCN[425][1]:(EX),(CR),(EN),(VU),(NT)(RA),()()22.122561[2]20,,1989,,34(),14(),20(),1998(4)[6];2000(I2UCN),2004[1],556()254,26;23,22,12;1000(),58;3(),2,1;66,XXX:E2mail:[e-mail]:908(9082012ST12;908202205204);(2007FY210500);(706038);(NCET20520600):;2009203202;:2009204208:(19672),,,39420097PERIODICALOFOCEANUNIVERSITYOFCHINA39(4):719728July,200915053;()270,19,4,(topshells)(rays),,,(),(Acipensersinensis)(Tridacnacockiana)(Nau2tiluspompilius)(Cheloniamydas)5,,1667,10015,,,,,,,,,,1960197020104t,,,;195716.3104t,1982,,;19794104t,100t,[7],;,;1Table1EndangeredspeciesofmarinemedicinalorganismsinChinaEndangeredspeciesRankAlgaeGelidiumamansii(Lamx.)Lamx.ENEntermorphaprolifera(Muell.)J.Ag.ENGracilarialemaneiformis(Bory)Weber2vanBosseENEucheumadenticulatum(N.L.Burman)CollinsetHerveyENCaloglassaleprieurii(Mont.)J.Ag.EN1EndangeredspeciesRankTracheophytaSonneratiaalba(J.Smith,1819)VUS.caseolaris(Linn.)Engl.1897ENRhizophoraapiculata(Bl.1935)VUCnidaria,AnthozoaAcroporaformosa(Dana,1846)ENA.pulchra(Brook,1891)ENA.anthocercis(Brook,1893)VUA.aspera(Dana,1846)VUA.austere(Dana,1846)VUA.azurea(Veron&Wallace,1984)VUA.brueggemanni(Brook,1893)VUA.carduus(Dana,1846)VUA.cerealis(Dana,1846)ENA.clathrata(Brook,1891)VUA.cuneata(Dana,1846)VUA.cytherea(Dana,1846)ENA.danai(M.Edwards&Haime,1860)VUA.dendrum(Basset2Smith,1890)VUA.digitifera(Dana,1846)VUA.divericata(Dana,1846)VUA.echinata(Dana,1846)VUA.florida(Dana,1846)ENA.gemmifera(Brook,1892)VUA.glauca(Brook,1893)VUA.grandis(Brook,1892)VUA.granulosa(M.Edwards&Haime,1860)VUA.horrida(Dana,1846)VUA.humilis(Dana,1846)VUA.hyacinthus(Dana,1846)ENA.latistella(Brook,1892)VUA.lutkeni(Crossland,1952)ENA.microclados(Ehrenberg,1834)VU02720091EndangeredspeciesRankA.microphthalma(Verrill,1869)VUA.millepora(Ehrenberg,1834)VUA.monticulosa(Brueggemann,1879)VUA.nana(Studer,1878)VUA.nasuta(Dana,1846)VUA.nobilis(Dana,1846)VUA.palifera(Lamarck,1816)VUA.palmerae(Wells,1954)VUA.pruinosa(Brook,1893)VUA.robusta(Dana,1846)ENA.rosaria(Dana,1878)VUA.secale(Studer,1878)VUA.selago(Studer,1878)VUA.subglabra(Brook,1891)VUA.tenella(Brook,1829)VUA.tenuis(Dana,1846)VUA.tumidaVerrill,1866VUA.valenciennssi(M.Edwards&Haime,1860)VUA.valida(Dana,1846)VUA.yongei(Veron&Wallace,1984)VUCoralliumrubrum(Linnaeus)C.japonicum(Kishinouye)C.secundum(Dana)C.konojoi(Kishinouye)C.elatius(Ridley)Galaxeafascicularis(Linnaeus,1767)ENMollusca,GastropodaHaliotisasinine(Linnaeus,1758)ENH.ovina(Gmelin,1791)ENH.varia(Linnaeus,1758)ENCypraeatigris(Linnaeus,1758)EN,Cassiscornuta(Linnaeus,1758)EN,Olivaminiacea(RÊding,1798)EN1EndangeredspeciesRankO.lignaria(Marrat,1868)ENPinctadamaxima(Jameson)Mollusca,BivaliviaAtrinavexillum(Born,1778)ENPinnamuricata(Linnaeus,1758)ENHippopushippopus(Linnaeus,1758)ENTridacnamaxima(RÊding,1798)ENT.squamosa(Lamarck,1819)ENT.gigas(Linnaeus,1758)ENT.cockiana(Iredale)Coelomactraantiquata(Spengler,1862)ENArthropoda,MalacostraeaFenneropenaeuschinensis(Osbeck,1765)ENF.merguiensis(DeMan,1888)ENF.penicillatus(Alcock,1905)ENMetapenacusjoyneri(Miers,1880)ENM.moyebi(Kishinouye,1896)VUUpogebiamajor(DeHaan,1844)ENPanulirusjaponicus(VonSiebold,1824)ENP.stimpsoni(Holthuis,1963)ENArthropoda,MerostomataTachypleustridentatus(Leach,1814)ENT.gigas(Mller,1825)ENEchinodermata,HolothuroideaActinopygaechinites(Jaeger,1833)ENA.lecanora(Jaeger,1833)ENA.mauritiana(Quoy&Gaimard,1833)ENA.miliaris(Quoy&Gaimard,1833)ENBohadschiaargus(Jaeger,1833)ENB.marmorata(Jaeger,1833)ENHolothuriaatra(Jaeger,1833)ENH.edulis(Lesson,1830)EN1274,:1EndangeredspeciesRankH.pardalis(Selenka,1867)ENH.fuscocinerea(Jaeger,1833)ENH.leucospilota(Brandt,1835)ENH.pervicax(Selenka,1867)ENH.scabra(Jaeger,1833)ENH.martensi(Semper,1868)ENH.nobilis(Selenka,1867)ENH.spinifera(Thel,1886)ENStichopuschloronotus(Brandt,1835)ENS.horrens(Selenka,1867)ENS.variegatus(Semper,1868)ENThelenotaananas(Jaeger,1833)ENMensamariaintercedens(Lampert,1885)ENAfrocucumisafricana(Semper,1868)ENAcaudinamolpadioides(Semper,1868)ENEchinodermata,EchinoideaHemicentrotuspulcherrimus(A.Agassiz,1863)ENAnthocidariscrassispina(A.A2gassiz,1863)ENChordata,LeptocardiaandCy2clostomata/Branchiostomabelcheri(Gray,1847)EN,Lampetrajaponica(Martens,1868)VUEptatretusburgeri(Girard,1854)VUChordata,ChondrichthyesHydrolagustsengi(Fang&Wang,1932)ENHeterodontusjaponicus(Maclay&Macleay,1884)ENH.zebra(Gray,1831)ENRhincodontypus(Smith,1828)ENCetorhinusmaximus(Gunner,1765)ENSphyrnablochii(Cuvier,1817)ENCentrophorusniaukang(Teng,1959)ENC.squamosus(Bonnaterre,1788)ENCentroscymnusowstoni(Garman,1906)EN1EndangeredspeciesRankCentroscylliumkamoharai(Abe,1966)VUScymnodonsquamulosus(Gnther,1877)VUDeaniacalcea(Lowe,1838)VUSqualusacanthias(Linnaeus,1758)ENCarcharhinusmicrophthalmus(Chu,1960)ENC.melanopterus(Quoy&Gaimard,1824)VUHalaelurushurgeri(Mller&Henle,1841)VUGaleuseastmani(Jordan&Sny2der,1904)VUPristiophorusjaponicus(Gnther,1870)ENSquatinajaponica(B